Wokeとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

Shortened from woken or woken up, or derived from dialectal use of woke (past participle of wake). The sense of being aware of social injustice dates to at least the 1930s. The derogatory use has been most commonly used as of the 2020s.

形容詞

woke (not generally comparable, comparative more woke or woker, superlative most woke or wokest)

1. (African-American Vernacular or slang) Awake: conscious and not asleep.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:awake

2. (originally African-American Vernacular, slang) Alert, aware of what is going on, or well-informed, especially of racial and other social justice issues.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:vigilant

   Antonym: unwoke

   Coordinate terms: (chiefly derogatory) politically correct, (British) right-on

   • 1942, J. Saunders Redding, “Negro Digest”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), volume 1:

     Waking up is a damn sight harder than going to sleep, but we’ll stay woke up longer.

   • 1962 May 20, William Melvin Kelley, “If You’re Woke You Dig It”, in The New York Times‎, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 45:

     If You’re Woke You Dig It [title]

     (Can we archive this URL?)

   • 1972, Barry Beckham, Garvey Lives!:

     I been sleeping all my life. And now that Mr. Garvey done woke me up, I’m gon stay woke. And I’m gon help him wake up other black folk.

   • 2008, Erykah Badu, “Master Teacher”, in New Amerykah Part One (4th World War):

     What if there was no niccas / Only master teachers? / I stay woke (dreams dreams)

   • 2014, Lynn Sweeting, WomanSpeak, A Journal of Writing and Art by Caribbean Women, volume 7:

     […] stay woke[,] people of color, / let us occupy this dissent

3. (by extension, politics, slang, often derogatory) Holding progressive views or attitudes, principally with regard to social justice.

   Synonyms: (chiefly derogatory) politically correct, right-on

   Antonyms: (chiefly derogatory) politically incorrect, unwoke, (historical) philistine

   • 2016 August 14, Ross Douthat, “A Playboy for President”, in The New York Times‎, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC:

     But the cultural conflict between these two post-revolutionary styles — between frat guys and feminist bluestockings, Gamergaters and the diversity police, alt-right provocateurs and “woke” dudebros, the mouthbreathers who poured hate on the all-female “Ghostbusters” and the tastemakers who pretended it was good — is likely here to stay.

     (Can we archive this URL?)

   • 2019 October 29, Emily S. Rueb, Derrick Bryson Taylor, quoting Barack Obama, “Obama on Call-Out Culture: ‘That’s Not Activism’”, in The New York Times‎, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC:

     Like, if I tweet or hashtag about how you didn’t do something right or used the wrong verb, then I can sit back and feel pretty good about myself, cause, "Man, you see how woke I was, I called you out." That’s not activism. That’s not bringing about change.

     (Can we archive this URL?)

   • 2019 December 6, Jamelle Bouie, “Why the ‘Wokest’ Candidates Are the Weakest”, in The New York Times‎, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC:

     If this were actually true, you would expect real traction for the wokest candidates in the Democratic presidential race. But it’s been just the opposite. The woke candidates have been the weakest, electorally speaking, and the defining attribute of the Democratic primary has been a preoccupation with the voters that put Trump in the White House.

     (Can we archive this URL?)

   • 2021 July 26, Lauren Sarner, “Kevin Smith on ‘Masters of the Universe’ and fan backlash”, in New York Post‎:

     [Kevin Smith is] also baffled by some of the accusations that he tried to make the franchise “woke” by focusing on Teela.

   • 2022 November 15, Fiona Harvey, quoting Zac Goldsmith, “‘Stupid’ to equate climate concerns with being woke, says Zac Goldsmith”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian‎, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:

     Rightwing Tory MPs should stop portraying concerns over the climate and nature as “woke”, and understand that voters are deeply concerned about the crisis, the Conservative minister Zac Goldsmith has warned.

     (Can we archive this URL?)

   • 2025 May 13, Richard Fausset, quoting Louis Prevost, “The Pope’s Florida Brother, a MAGA Disciple, Plans to ‘Tone It Down’”, in The New York Times‎, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 13 May 2025:

     Mr. Prevost, who described himself to Mr. Morgan as a “MAGA type,” said the new pope was “much more liberal” than he was — although, when asked, he said that he would not necessarily call his brother “woke.”

4. (by extension, politics, slang, derogatory) Promoting cancel culture, identitarianism, pontification, victim mentality, or virtue signalling.
   • 2021 June 24, Johnny Luk, “Why ‘woke’ became toxic”, in Al Jazeera‎, Opinion:

     The famous author of Harry Potter, J K Rowling, found herself at the centre of a woke storm after liking a tweet by Maya Forstater, who lost her job in 2019 after tweeting that “male people are not women”. The reaction was immediate, with some accusing Forstater of “killing trans people with her hate” for simply expressing an opinion.

   • 2023 May 10, Katherine Brodsky, “The Rise of the Right Wing Woke”, in Random Minds‎, via Substack:

     Many on the ‘woke right’ who for some time have spoken against cancel culture, have chosen to embrace a version of their own, boycotting companies that support progressive causes, for example. The overwhelming support for DeSantis’ fight against Disney in Florida is one such illustration. The boycott of Bud Light over the company’s paid promotional social media posts using trans influencer Dylan Mulvaney is another.

   • 2024 June 8, Neil Shenvi, “What is the “Woke Right”?”, in Neil Shenvi – Apologetics‎:

     The woke right and woke left demand that we internalize our status as victim. Progressives want women and people of color and the poor and LGBTQ people to feel like they are besieged, like they constantly face a barrage of marginalization and disdain. How different is the woke right? Even a brief perusal of the sources I quoted above shows that they very much want straight White men not only to recognize that they are victims, strangers in their own country, but to internalize this identity.

使用する際の注意点

• Like politically correct and social justice warrior, woke started off as a positive word used by people to describe themselves and their behavior but, in some contexts, gained negative connotations over time. Some derogatory uses of woke refer to people who would self-identify as woke, whose actions are deemed to be overzealous, performative, insincere, or intellectually dishonest.
• Furthermore, the widespread negative use of woke, including within mainstream politics, led to its use to sarcastically or ironically lament non-existent restrictions or deride subjects that are objectionable for reasons unrelated to political correctness (most widely in the catchphrase "because of woke") or to refer to rightists who act or believe similarly to those derogatorily called woke (chiefly in the phrase "woke right".)

派生語

派生した語

• → Dutch: woke
• → German: woke
• → Portuguese: woke
• → Swedish: woke

名詞

woke (countable and uncountable, plural wokes)

1. (countable, slang, often derogatory) A person with progressive views or attitudes.
   • 2022 December 21, Judson Berger, “You Can’t Say That at Stanford”, in National Review‎:

     Not to beat a dead horse, but it would appear that the wokes are in an abusive relationship with the speech policemen, given that some of their favored terms are being abruptly disallowed (like trigger warning or “preferred” pronouns).

2. (uncountable, slang, derogatory) A progressive ideology, in particular with regards to social justice.

   Synonym: successor ideology

   • 2021 January 8, Emilio Casalicchio, “Britain’s culture war extends beyond Brexit”, in Politico‎:

     Tim Bale, a professor of politics at Queen Mary University in London, said the war on woke kicked off as a counter to the “silent revolution” of liberal and progressive attitudes during the economic boom of the decades up to 2008.

   • 2022-02-24, Ron DeSantis, Governor DeSantis and Senator Blackburn Address CPAC‎, via C-SPAN‎:

     The woke is the new religion of the left.

   • 2023 February 18, Panda La Terriere, “Why Gen Z is turning against woke culture”, in The Spectator‎:

     Millennials, such as Styles (and the other Harry, HRH, for that matter), were able to popularise and profit from woke.

   • 2024 April 22, Kathleen Stock, “Turn of the woke tide will leave many stranded”, in The Times‎, London: News UK, →ISSN, →OCLC:

     For I’m afraid the demise of woke won’t be like the end of toothbrush moustaches, indie folk music or any other temporary behaviour supercharged by the whims of the young and the hip, then dropped without consequence.

     (Can we archive this URL?)

語源 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

動詞

woke

1. simple past of wake
2. (now colloquial or dialectal) past participle of wake
   • 1860 January–June, W[illiam] M[akepeace] Thackeray, “Miss Prior is Kept at the Door”, in Lovel the Widower, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], published 1861, →OCLC, page 56:

     […] have woke out of dreams, mayhap in which the beloved was smiling on you, whispering love-words-oh! how sweet and fondly remembered!

   • 1873, Jules Verne, “Four Thousand Leagues under the Pacific”, in [anonymous], transl., Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Seas; […], James R. Osgood edition, Boston, Mass.: Geo[rge] M[urray] Smith & Co., →OCLC, part I, page 96:

     It has its tempers and its gentle moods. Yesterday it slept as we did, and now it has woke after a quiet night.

   • 2007 November 10, Joy Dettman, One Sunday‎, Sydney: Pan Macmillan Australia, →ISBN, page 184:

     What time did you wake up, and what woke you so flamin' early on a Sunday morning? Something must have woke you. The alarm clock?

Further reading

• Woke on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• “woke”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
• “woke”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “woke”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
• Sam Sanders (30 December 2018), “It's Time To Put 'Woke' To Sleep”, in Weekend Edition
• Elijah C. Watson (2017), “The Origin Of Woke: How Erykah Badu And Georgia Anne Muldrow Sparked The “Stay Woke” Era”, in okayplayer
• Matthew Syed (20 February 2023), Woke: The Journey of a Word‎, BBC Radio
• “Because of Woke”, in Know Your Meme, website first launched 2007

アナグラム

• Ewok

名詞

woke

1. (chiefly Late Middle English) alternative form of weke (“week”)

語源 2

Inherited from 古期英語 wāc, from Proto-West Germanic *waikw, from Proto-Germanic *waikwaz. Doublet of weyk.

別の表記

• wac, woc, wake, wok, wooc, woake

発音

• IPA: /wɔːk/
• (Northern, Early Middle English) IPA: /wɑːk/

形容詞

woke (plural and weak singular woke, comparative wakker, superlative wakkest)

1. Physically weak or feeble; lacking strength or energy:
   1. Weak or feeble due to illness, affliction or aging.
   2. Lacking competency in combat or on the battlefield.
   3. Helpless; lacking power, authority, or control.
   4. (rare) Fruitless, barren (agriculturally unusable).
2. Weak-minded; lacking mental force, power or endurance:
   1. Religiously weak; vulnerable to sin or moral turpitude.
   2. (rare) Fearful, afraid; lacking bravery or courage.
   3. (rare) Unintelligent; lacking intelligence or mental willpower.
   4. (rare) Indecisive (unable to commit or take action).
   5. (rare) Morally suspect or corrupt; selfish.
3. Unimportant, valueless (of little value or import).
4. (rare) Bendable; able to be plied or flexed.

派生語

• woclic
• wocnesse
• woken

派生した語

• Scots: wak, wake, waik (conflated with weyk)

参照

• “wōk, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 28 November 2018.