Vicesimusとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• vīkēnsumos (Old Latin)
• vīcēnsimus, vīcēnsumus, vīcēnsimes, vīcēsimes
• vīgēsimus, vīgēnsimus, vīgēnsimes, vīgēsimes

語源

From the stem *vīcent- of vīgintī (“twenty”) before the replacement of /k/ with /ɡ/, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(d)widḱm̥ti(h₁). Particularly:

• Remodeling of earlier *vīcēnssos, from Proto-Indo-European *widḱm̥t-tós (“twentieth”), with the added suffix of dec-imus.
• Or, inherited from Proto-Italic *wīkenssamos, a direct continuation of Proto-Indo-European *widḱm̥t-tm̥Hós, containing the superlative suffix *-tm̥Hós (“-est”) (compare -issimus) as used also in Sanskrit विंशतिम (viṃśatima), विंशतितम (viṃśatitama, “twentieth”).

See also vīciēs and vīcēnus. Surface analysis vīgintī (“twenty”) +‎ -ēsimus (“-th”)

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [wiːˈkeː.sɪ.mʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [viˈt͡ʃɛː.s̬i.mus]

数詞

vīcēsimus (feminine vīcēsima, neuter vīcēsimum); first/second-declension numeral

1. twentieth
2. one-twentieth

   vīcēsimā hērēditātium

   a 5% inheritance tax

語形変化

First/second-declension adjective.

関連する語

• īcas (borrowed from εἰκάς (eikás) to mean the 20th day of a month)

派生した語

• → Catalan: vigèsim
• → Italian: vicesimo, vigesimo
• → English: vicesimation, vigesimal
• → Portuguese: vigésimo
• → Spanish: vigésimo

Notes

参照

Further reading

• “vicesimus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vicesimus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “vicesimus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.