Turk.とは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 Turke, Turk, from Old French Turc, from Medieval Latin Turcus, from Byzantine Greek Τοῦρκος (Toûrkos), from Classical Persian تُرْک (turk), from Middle Persian [script needed] (twlk' /⁠turk⁠/), from Old Turkic 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜 (t²ür²k̥). See Proto-Turkic *tür(ü)k for more.

発音

• (General American) IPA: /tɝk/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /tɜːk/
• 韻: -ɜː(ɹ)k

名詞

Turk (plural Turks)

1. A speaker of the various Turkic languages.
2. A person from Turkey or of Turkish ethnic descent. [from 12th c.]
3. (obsolete) A Muslim. [16th–18th c.]
   • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii], page 268, column 2:

     Would not this, sir, and a forest of feathers—if the rest of my fortunes turn Turk with me—with two Provincial roses on my razed shoes, get me a fellowship in a cry of players?

   • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 12, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:

     Compare but our manners unto a Turke [translating Mahometan], or a Pagan, and we must needs yeeld unto them […].

   • 1637, William Chillingworth, The Religion of Protestants a Safe Way to Salvation:

     It is no good reason for a man's religion that he was born and brought up in it; for then a Turk would have as much reason to be a Turk as a Christian to be a Christian.

4. a Christian horse-archer in Crusader army (Turcopole).
5. (archaic) A bloodthirsty and savage person; vandal; barbarian. [from 16th c.]
   • 1579, John Lyly, Euphues, page 42:

     Was neuer any Impe so wicked and barbarous, any Turke so vyle and brutishe.

   • 1760, Tobias George Smollett, editor, The Critical Review: Or, Annals of Literature, Volume 9, page 20:

     A sort of primitive barbarity distinguishes the whole; no variety of character appears; and to call a man Turk is to say, that he is jealous, haughty, covetous, ignorant, and lascivious; at the same time that a certain dignity of gait, and magnificence of manners, gives him the appearance of generosity and true greatness of soul.

   • 1987, Anne Mozley, Essays from "Blackwood", page 21:

     A bad temper does seem often favourable to health. The man who has been a Turk all his life lives long to plague all about him.

   • 1906, George Meredith, One of our conquerors, page 292:

     As much as the wilfully or naturally blunted, the intelligently honest have to learn by touch: only, their understandings cannot meanwhile be so wholly obtuse as our society's matron, acting to please the tastes of the civilized man—a creature that is not clean-washed of the Turk in him—barbarously exacts.

   • 1928, Luṫfī Levonian, Moslem mentality: a discussion of the presentation of Christianity to Moslems‎, page 85:

     They regarded the very word Turk as synonymous with ignorance, impoliteness, and idiocy. To call a man 'Turk' was regarded as a great dishonour to him.

6. A member of a Mestee group in South Carolina.
7. A person from Llanelli, Wales.
8. A Turkish horse.
9. The plum curculio.

派生語

形容詞

Turk (comparative more Turk, superlative most Turk)

1. Synonym of Turkic.
   • 2017, Karen Malone, Children in the Anthropocene:

     Kazakhstan is officially a bilingual country: Kazakh, a Turk language spoken natively by mainly the Kazakh population, has the status of the 'state' language, [...]

2. Synonym of Turkish.

固有名詞

Turk

1. A surname.

参考

• Brig o' Turk

参照

Further reading

• Turk on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

アナグラム

• Kurt, Truk