TIREとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源 1

From 中期英語 tiren, tirien, teorien, from 古期英語 tȳrian, tēorian (“to fail, cease, become weary, be tired, exhausted; tire, weary, exhaust”), of uncertain origin. Possibly from Proto-West Germanic *teuʀōn (“to cease”), which is possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dews- (“to fail, be behind, lag”). Compare Ancient Greek δεύομαι (deúomai, “to lack”), Sanskrit दोष (dóṣa, “crime, fault, vice, deficiency”).

別の表記

• tyre (dialectal)

動詞

tire (third-person singular simple present tires, present participle tiring, simple past and past participle tired)

1. (intransitive) To become sleepy or weary.
   • 2012 September 7, Phil McNulty, “Moldova 0-5 England”, in BBC Sport‎:

     As Moldova understandably tired after a night of ball chasing, Everton left-back Baines scored his first international goal as his deflected free-kick totally wrong-footed Namasco.

2. (transitive) To make sleepy or weary.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:tire

3. (intransitive) To become bored or impatient (with).

   I tire of this book.

4. (transitive) To bore.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:cause boredom

派生語

関連する語

• tiresome

参照

語源 2

Probably from 中期英語 tir(e) (“equipment, furnshings, ornament”). See the details at tyre.

別の表記

• (rubber covering on a wheel): tyre

名詞

tire (plural tires)

1. (American spelling, Canadian spelling) Alternative spelling of tyre: The rubber covering on a wheel.
2. (American spelling) Alternative spelling of tyre: The metal rim of a wheel, especially that of a railroad locomotive.
3. A child's apron covering the upper part of the body, and tied with tape or cord; a pinafore. Also tier.
4. (obsolete) Accoutrements, accessories.
   • 1705, John Philips, Blenheim:

     the tire of war

5. (obsolete) Dress, clothes, attire.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto VII”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

     Ne spared they to strip her naked all. / Then when they had despoild her tire and call, / Such as she was, their eyes might her behold.

   • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:
     , New York Review of Books 2001, p.66:

     men like apes follow the fashions in tires, gestures, actions: if the king laugh, all laugh […].

6. A covering for the head; a headdress.
   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto X”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, page 144:

     And on her head she wore a tyre of gold,

使用する際の注意点

• Tire is one of the few words where Canadian usage prefers the US spelling over the British spelling.

派生語

派生した語

• → Kashubian: tajra (Canada)

動詞

tire (third-person singular simple present tires, present participle tiring, simple past and past participle tired)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To dress or adorn.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Kings 9:30:

     [Jezebel] painted her face, and tired her head.

関連する語

• tiring-house

語源 3

From 中期英語 tire, from Old French tirer (“to draw or pull”), akin to English tear (“to rend”).

別の表記

• tyre

動詞

tire (third-person singular simple present tires, present participle tiring, simple past and past participle tired)

1. (obsolete) To seize, pull, and tear prey, as a hawk does.
   • 1593, [William Shakespeare], Venus and Adonis, London: […] Richard Field, […], →OCLC:

     Even as an empty eagle, sharp by fast, / Tires with her beak on feathers, flesh, and bone.

   • 1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv], lines 94–97:

     I grieve myself / To think, when thou shalt be disedged by her / That now thou tirest on, how thy memory / Will then be pang'd by me.

   • 1612–1613, Nathan Field, John Fletcher, Philip Massinger, “The Honest Mans Fortune”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, Act II, scene v:

     Ye dregs of baseness, vultures amongst men, / That tire upon the hearts of generous spirits.

2. (obsolete) To seize, rend, or tear something as prey; to be fixed upon, or engaged with, anything.
   • c. 1587–1588 (date written), [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene vii:

     and now doth gaſtly death
     With greedie talients gripe my bleeding hart,
     And like a Harpye tires on my life.

   • 1616, George Chapman, Iliad:

     Thus made she her remove, / And left wrath tyring on her son.

   • c. 1605–1608 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Tymon of Athens”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

     Upon that were my thoughts tiring.

語源 4

名詞

tire (plural tires)

1. A tier, row, or rank.
   • 1667, John Milton, “Book VI”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

     In posture to displode their second tire / Of thunder.

Further reading

• “tire”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “tire”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

アナグラム

• REIT, Teri, iter, iter., reit, rite, tier, trie

名詞

tīre

1. dative singular of tīr