Swimとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA: /swɪm/
• (Indic) IPA: /sʋɪm/, (rounded) /s(ʋ)ʊm/
• 韻: -ɪm

動詞

swim (third-person singular simple present swims, present participle swimming, simple past swam or (archaic) swum, past participle swum)

1. (intransitive) To move through the water, without touching the bottom; to propel oneself in water by natural means.
   • 1720, Daniel Defoe, Captain Singleton‎, London: J. Brotherton, page 87:

     We were now all upon a Level, as to our travelling; being unshipp’d, for our Bark would swim no farther, and she was too heavy to carry on our Backs […]

   • 1963, Margery Allingham, “Foreword”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

     He turned back to the scene before him and the enormous new block of council dwellings. The design was some way after Corbusier but the block was built up on plinths and resembled an Atlantic liner swimming diagonally across the site.

   • 2020 May 20, Paul Stephen, “NR beats floods to secure tracks to Drax”, in Rail, page 59:

     Meanwhile, NR faced an unexpected challenge when a night watchman spotted several Koi Carp swimming in floodwater close to the railway, after they had escaped from a nearby private residence. Wilson says the owner was eventually traced, and the fish were safely returned "after enjoying swimming around in a 3,000-acre lake".

2. (intransitive) To become immersed in, or as if in, or flooded with, or as if with, a liquid

   swimming in self-pity

   a bare few bits of meat swimming in watery sauce

3. (intransitive) To move around freely because of excess space.
   • 1777, The Poetical Preceptor; Or, a Collection of Select Pieces of Poetry, Etc:

     A fam'd Sur-tout he wears, which once was blue, / And his foot swims in a capacious shoe.

4. (transitive) To traverse (a specific body of water, or a specific distance) by swimming; or, to use a specific swimming stroke; or, to compete in a specific swimming event.

   For exercise, we like to swim laps around the pool.

   I want to swim the 200-yard breaststroke in the finals.

   • 1697, Virgil, “The Tenth Book of the Æneis”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

     Sometimes he thought to swim the stormy main.

5. (transitive, uncommon) To cause to swim.

   to swim a horse across a river

   Half of the guinea pigs were swum daily.

6. (intransitive, archaic) To float.

   sink or swim

   There's oil swimming on the water.

   • 1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Iulius Cæsar”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:

     Why, now, blow wind, swell billow, and swim bark!
     The storm is up and all is on the hazard.

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 2 Kings 6:6:

     And he cut down a stick, and cast it in thither; and the iron did swim.

7. (intransitive) To be overflowed or drenched.
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Psalms 6:6:

     I am weary with my groaning; all the night make I my bed to swim; I water my couch with my tears.

   • a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Autumn”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, page 127, line 336:

     Sudden, the ditches ſwell; the meadows ſwim.

8. (transitive) To immerse in water to make the lighter parts float.

   to swim wheat in order to select seed

9. (transitive, historical) To test (a suspected witch) by throwing into a river; those who floated rather than sinking were deemed to be witches.
10. (intransitive) To glide along with a waving motion.
11. (intransitive) To have a great quantity of something.

    You should be swimming in money after this job.

使用する際の注意点

• In Late Middle English and Early Modern English, the present participle form swimmand still sometimes occurred in Midlands and Northern dialects, for exampleː
  • The water to norish the fysh swymand. (14th c., The Creation in The Towneley plays, l. 55)
  • Their young child Troiane, as swift as dolphin fish, swimmand away. (1513, Gavin Douglas, Virgil's Aeneid)

Conjugation

派生語

名詞

swim (plural swims)

1. An act or instance of swimming.

   I'm going for a swim.

   She had a quick swim in the bay.

2. The sound, or air bladder, of a fish.
3. (UK) A part of a stream much frequented by fish.
4. A dance or dance move of the 1960s in which the arms are moved in imitation of various swimming strokes, such as freestyle, breaststroke, etc.
   • 1964, “C'mon and Swim”, Thomas Coman and Sylvester Stewart (Sly Stone) (lyrics), performed by Bobby Freeman:

     C'mon everybody! C'mon in!
     Bobby's goin' to show you how to do the swim.

5. (figurative) The flow of events; being in the swim of things.
   • 1948 September 18, Billboard, page 104:

     With the road ahead now clear, Mann […] is plunging back into the swim of business in a hurry.

派生語

語源 2

From 中期英語 swime, sweme, swaime (“a dizziness, swoon, trance”), from 古期英語 swīma (“a swoon, swimming in the head”). Cognate with Swedish svimma (“to swoon, faint”) and Danish svime (“to swoon, faint”) / Danish besvime (“to swoon, faint”).

名詞

swim (plural swims)

1. A dizziness; swoon.

動詞

swim (third-person singular simple present swims, present participle swimming, simple past swam or (archaic) swum, past participle swum)

1. (intransitive) To be dizzy or vertiginous; have a giddy sensation; to have, or appear to have, a whirling motion.

   My head was swimming after drinking two bottles of cheap wine.

   • 1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “The End of Doubt”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 291:

     She snatched the letter from Sir Jasper, who started as her icy hand touched his: she attempted to read the passage herself, but the letters seemed to swim before her gaze: they turned to fire; the paper dropped from her grasp; a thick mist appeared to gather over the room; she gave a convulsive shudder, and dropped on the floor perfectly insensible.

関連する語

• sweam
• sweamish
• sweem

語源 3

Abbreviation of someone who isn't me.

名詞

swim (plural not attested)

1. (Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of someone who isn't me, used as a way to avoid self-designation or self-incrimination, especially in online drug forums.

参考

• swim on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• friend of mine

参照

• “swim”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

アナグラム

• WIMs, MIWs