Semiとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

The prefix semi- (from Latin) used as a noun.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈsɛmi/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˈsɛmi/, /ˈsɛmaɪ/
• 韻: -ɛmi
• ハイフネーション: semi

名詞

semi (plural semis)

1. (UK, Ireland, Australia, Canada, informal) A semi-detached house.
   • 2008, Elliott Placks, quoted in Helen Isbister, Morris Bryant, Property, Career FAQs, Australia, page 40,

     I′m selling two side-by-side semis that are currently under construction, a waterfront apartment and a house in Rose Bay.

   • 2008, Barry Goodchild, Homes, Cities and Neighbourhoods: Planning and the Residential Landscapes of Modern Britain, page 52:

     The smaller semis of the 1920s and 1930s were closely related to the three bedroom pre-1919 narrow fronted terraces, at least to the larger pre-1919 terraces.

   • 2012, Tim Moore, You Are Awful (But I Like You): Travels Around Unloved Britain, Vintage, →ISBN, page 150:

     The roads were lined with cramped little semis and 1960s bungalows: Britain's cheapest houses, in their flimsy, pebble-dashed glory.

2. (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, US) A semi-trailer; a tractor-trailer; an eighteen-wheeler; an artic.
   • 1967, Tommy Faile, “Phantom 309”, performed by Red Sovine:

     I was hungry an' freezin' an' done caught a chill / When the lights of a big semi topped the hill

   • 2011, Eamonn Duff, Schapelle Corby: The Untold Story Behind Her Ill-Fated Drug Run, Australia: Allen & Unwin, unnumbered page:

     All night we couldn′t hear each other speak because of the sound of semis changing gear to get over the hill.

3. (informal) A semifinal.
4. (slang) A partial erection of the penis.
   • 2010, Mickey Erlach, Video Boys, page 158:

     The twink got a semi just from that look.

5. (slang) A semiautomatic firearm.
   • 2023 April 28, “Got Dat Muneh” (track 10, 0:48 from the start), in Summrs (lyrics), GHOST‎:

     See these niggas through the reticle sight up on my semi
     […]
     For niggas plottin', I might blow it at your fitted
     Get your bitch-ass slimed out, it ain't no kiddin'
     Ain't no kiddin', got that semi

6. (slang, finance) Semiconductor companies or positions in the stock market.
7. (colloquial, mining) An intermediate in the production of end-use goods.
   • 2025 April 1, Dorjdari Namkhaijantsan, Zoljargal Naranbaatar, “Copper and the energy transition”, in Copper Sector Expansion in Mongolia: Opportunities and Challenges‎, Natural Resource Governance Institute, page 13 of 10–26:

     Mining companies crush and grind the extracted ore, and then use flotation processes to produce copper concentrates, which typically contain up to 30 percent copper. These concentrates are then smelted to produce copper blister, which has a purity of up to 99 percent. The blister is further refined to produce copper cathode, or pure copper, with a grade of around 99.99 percent. This process is known as pyrometallurgy, and is suitable for sulfide ores as opposed to oxide ores. The pure copper then feeds into the fabrication of various copper products, such as wire rods, wires, bars, and sheets—collectively known as semis—used as inputs in the manufacturing of end-use products, including consumer goods and construction, transportation (e.g., EVs) and infrastructure components.

副詞

semi (not comparable)

1. (informal) Somewhat; to some extent.
   • 2013, Mark Morris, The Secret of Anatomy:

     'Is that a serious question?' he asked.
     Ralph shrugged with his face, jutting out his bottom lip. 'Well ... semi,' he said.

アナグラム

• EMIs, ESMI, IMEs, MSIE, Meis, Sime, eSIM, mise

語源

Borrowed from Latin semi- (“half”), from Proto-Indo-European *sēmi/*sēmi-. Cognate to English sam, and to hemi- (via Ancient Greek).

発音

• IPA: /sɛmi/, /sɛmaɪ/

接頭辞

semi-

1. half

   semi-invalid.

2. partial, incomplete
3. somewhat, rather, quasi-
   • 1994, Eric Bogosian, Pounding nails in the floor with my forehead:

     Nothing like a nice hot ethnic dish before you go to see that semi-expensive, semi-meaningful Off-Broadway show.

使用する際の注意点

• In British English, the semi- forms are usually hyphenated as evidenced by OED's semi- entries predominantly using hyphen.

同意語

• (half): half-, hemi-, demi-
• (partial): demi-
• (somewhat): quasi-, -ish

派生語

• semiflat

Further reading

• “semi-”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• “semi-”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
• John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “semi-”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.

アナグラム

• EMIs, ESMI, IMEs, MSIE, Meis, Sime, eSIM, mise

語源

From Proto-Indo-European *sēmi-. Cognate with Sanskrit सामि (sāmí), Ancient Greek ἡμι- (hēmi-), Old High German sami-.

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈseː.mɪ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈsɛː.mi]

接頭辞

sēmi-

1. half

派生語

派生した語

• → English: semi-, semi
• → French: semi-
• → Italian: semi-
• → Portuguese: semi-
• → Spanish: semi-

参照

• “semi-”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “semi-”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers