Retreatとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

re- +‎ treat

発音

• IPA: /ɹiːˈtɹiːt/
• 韻: -iːt

動詞

re-treat (third-person singular simple present re-treats, present participle re-treating, simple past and past participle re-treated)

1. (transitive) To treat or deal with (a topic) again or differently.
2. (transitive) To apply treatment to (an injury, a surface, etc.) again

アナグラム

• treater, tree rat

発音

• IPA: /ɹɪˈtɹiːt/, /ɹəˈtɹiːt/, /ɹiˈtɹiːt/
• 韻: -iːt

名詞

retreat (plural retreats)

1. The act of pulling back or withdrawing, as from something dangerous, or unpleasant.
   • c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:

     In a retreat he outruns any lackey.

   1. The act of reversing direction and receding from a forward position.
   2. (military) Withdrawal by a military force from a dangerous position or from enemy attack.

      The general opted for a swift retreat because he saw his troops were vastly outnumbered.

2. A peaceful, quiet place affording privacy or security.

   a mountain retreat

   • 1764 December 24 (indicated as 1765), Onuphrio Muralto, translated by William Marshal [pseudonyms; Horace Walpole], The Castle of Otranto, […], London: […] Tho[mas] Lownds […], →OCLC:

     " […] But come, Lady, we are too near the mouth of the cavern; let us seek its inmost recesses. […] " "Though all your actions are noble, […] is it fitting that I should accompany you alone into these perplexed retreats? Should we be found together, what would a censorious world think of my conduct?"

   • 1692, Roger L’Estrange, “[The Fables of Æsop, &c.] Fab[le] 100. An Old Man and a Lion.”, in Fables, of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists: […], London: […] R[ichard] Sare, […], →OCLC, page 94:

     […] he built his son a house of pleasure, on purpose to keep him out of harm's way; and spared neither art nor cost to make it a delicious retreat.

   • 1700, [John] Dryden, “The Flower and the Leaf: Or, The Lady in the Arbour. A Vision.”, in Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

     That pleasing shade they sought, a soft retreat / From sudden April showers, a shelter from the heat.

   • 1891, Thomas Hardy, chapter IV, in Tess of the d’Urbervilles: A Pure Woman Faithfully Presented […], volume I, London: James R[ipley] Osgood, McIlvaine and Co., […], →OCLC, phase the first (The Maiden), pages 40–41:

     In a large bedroom upstairs, the window of which was thickly curtained with a great woollen shawl lately discarded by the landlady, Mrs. Rolliver, were gathered on this evening nearly a dozen persons, all seeking vinous bliss; all old inhabitants of the nearer end of Marlott, and frequenters of this retreat.

   • 2005 April, Timothy W. Ryback, “The Hitler Shrine”, in The Atlantic‎, →ISSN:

     When Herbert Kochta first thought about designing a five-star alpine hotel just outside the Bavarian town of Berchtesgaden, a mere 300 yards from the ruins of the Berghof, Adolf Hitler's mountain retreat, the veteran Munich architect knew he could conceptualize a hotel on a hill in either of two ways.

3. (rare and obsolete, euphemistic) A peaceful, quiet place in which to urinate and defecate: an outhouse; a lavatory.
4. A period of retirement, seclusion, or solitude, especially for meditation, prayer, or study.

   We both need a week retreat after those two stressful years working in the city.

   a Buddhist retreat

   a company retreat

   • 2023 April 24, Spencer Kornhaber, “Welcome to the Creepiest Corporate Retreat Ever”, in The Atlantic‎:

     Obviously she is trying to blend in at the über–bachelor party that is the GoJo corporate retreat in Norway.

   • 2024 September, Paul Graham, “Founder Mode”, in Essays‎ (blog):

     For example, Steve Jobs used to run an annual retreat for what he considered the 100 most important people at Apple, and these were not the 100 people highest on the org chart.

5. (military) A signal for a military withdrawal.
6. (military) A bugle call or drumbeat signaling the lowering of the flag at sunset, as on a military base.
   • 1898, Kate Douglas Wiggin, chapter 8, in Penelope’s Progress […], Boston, Mass.; New York, N.Y.: Houghton, Mifflin and Company […], →OCLC:

     to-morrow the Royal Standard will be hoisted at Edinburgh Castle from reveille to retreat.

7. (military) A military ceremony to lower the flag.
8. (chess) The move of a piece from a threatened position.

派生語

関連する語

• retract

動詞

retreat (third-person singular simple present retreats, present participle retreating, simple past and past participle retreated) (intransitive)

1. (intransitive) To withdraw from a position, go back.
   1. (intransitive) To withdraw military forces.

      The general refused to order his soldiers to retreat, despite being vastly outnumbered.

2. (intransitive) To shrink back due to generally warmer temperatures. (of a glacier)
3. (intransitive) To slope back.

   a retreating forehead

   • 1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 111:

     His face was a fair weakness, his chin retreated, and his hair lay in crisp, almost flaxen curls on his low forehead; his eyes were rather large, pale blue, and blankly staring.

反意語

• advance

派生語

語源 2

From re- +‎ treat.

発音

• IPA: /ɹiːˈtɹiːt/
• 韻: -iːt

動詞

retreat (third-person singular simple present retreats, present participle retreating, simple past and past participle retreated)

1. Alternative form of re-treat.

Further reading

• Retreat in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

アナグラム

• treater, tree rat