Pyrrolizidine Alkaloidとは 意味・読み方・使い方

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are a group of naturally occurring alkaloids based on the structure of pyrrolizidine. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are produced by plants as a defense mechanism against insect herbivores. More than 660 PAs and PA N-oxides have been identified in over 6,000 plants, and about half of them exhibit hepatotoxicity. They are found frequently in plants in the Boraginaceae, Compositae, Orchidaceae and Leguminosae families; less frequently in the Convolvulaceae and Poaceae, and in at least one species in the Lamiaceae. It has been estimated that 3% of the world’s flowering plants contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids Honey can contain Pyrrolizidine alkaloids., Foods which have been found to contain PAs include grains, milk, offal and eggs. To date 2011, there are no international regulation of PAs in food as there are regulations in herbs and medicines.,