Potatoとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• potatoe (obsolete)
• p'tater, tater (dialectal or informal)

語源

Borrowed from Spanish patata, itself borrowed from Taíno batata (“sweet potato”).

発音

• enPR: pə-tāʹtō, 韻: -eɪtəʊ
• (英国発音) IPA: /pəˈteɪ.təʊ/
• (Canada, 米国発音) IPA: /pəˈteɪ.toʊ/, [-ˈteɪ.ɾoʊ], (colloquial, sometimes) /pəˈteɪ.tə/
• (Indic) IPA: /pɵˈʈaʈo/, /pɵˈʈeʈo/, 韻: -ætəʊ, -eɪtəʊ
• (Philippines) IPA: /poˈteɪ.to/

名詞

potato (countable and uncountable, plural potatoes)

1. A plant of species Solanum tuberosum or its edible starchy tuber.
   • 1891, “Condensed Replies to Various Letters”, in Leroy M[ilton] Yale, editor, Babyhood: The Mother’s Nursery Guide, Devoted to the Care of Children, volume VII, New York, N.Y.; London: Babyhood Publishing Company, page 230, column 2:

     Do not let your child have potato for another year; he will probably take milk well enough after he is weaned.

   • 1912, C[harles] F[ord] Langworthy, Caroline L[ouisa] Hunt, Cheese and Its Economical Uses in the Diet (Farmers’ Bulletin 487), Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, page 24:

     The protein value of this dish is equal to that of 1⅛ pounds of potato and beef, the fuel value, however, being much in excess of these.

   • 1915, Annual Report of the Local Government Board for Scotland, page 17:

     A number of the children said that they had potato for breakfast, potato and herring for dinner, potato and milk for supper.

   • 1917, Knut Hamsun, Growth of the Soil, Book 1, Ch.4, at p.34:

     What was that about potatoes? Were they just a thing from foreign parts, like coffee; a luxury, an extra? Oh, the potato is a lordly fruit; drought or downpour, it grows and grows all the same. It laughs at the weather, and will stand anything; only deal kindly with it, and it yields fifteen-fold again. [...] A man may lack grain to make bread, but give him potatoes and he will not starve. Roast them in embers, and there is supper; boil them in water, and there's a breakfast ready.

   • 1961, Harry E. Wedeck, Dictionary of Aphrodisiacs, New York: The Citadel Press, page 195:

     Although the potato actually has no exciting value, it was believed, in the seventeenth century, to possess definite aphrodisiac qualities, and is frequent mentioned in this respect in Elizabethan drama.

   • 2017, Anthony J. McMichael, Alistair Woodward, Cameron Muir, Climate Change and the Health of Nations, →ISBN, page 213:

     Potatoes were introduced to Ireland in 1590 after being brought to Europe by Spanish conquistadores from their place of origin in the South American Andes.

   • 2021 December 1, Nigel Harris, “St Pancras and King's Cross: 1947”, in RAIL, number 945, page 42:

     The rocketing popularity of potatoes in London's diet led to the conversion of the temporary GNR passenger station north of the canal [...] as a dedicated potato terminal, whose significant traffic was stolen from coastal shipping.

2. (obsolete) A sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
3. (informal, UK) A conspicuous hole in a sock or stocking.
4. A person or animal shaped like a potato, that is, with a large belly and/or short legs.
5. Metaphor for a person or thing of little value.
   • 1757, [Tobias Smollett], The Reprisal: Or, The Tars of Old England. […], London: […] R[oberts] Baldwin, […], →OCLC, Act I, scene ii, page 8:

     I don't value Monſieur de Champignon a rotten potatoe; […]

   1. (slang, offensive) A mentally handicapped person.
   2. (humorous) A camera that takes poor-quality pictures or videos.
   3. (humorous, slang, computing) An underpowered computer or other device, especially when small in size.
      • 2017 March 17, Steven Messner, “Overwatch community donates PC parts to fan who could barely run it at 800x600”, in PC Gamer‎:

        When most people refer to their computers as a potato they're being hyperbolic, but not Ethan. He plays Overwatch at 800x600 resolution with all settings on low and is excited when he gets 30 fps.

      • 2019 September 22, Benjamin Burns, “Meet the people making music with Mega Drives, Game Boys and gAtaris”, in Eurogamer‎:

        If you want to have a go right now, then Famitracker will let you compose songs for the NES and it'll run on a Windows-operated potato.

同意語

• (plant): p'tater (dialectal), spud (slang), tater (Britain, US, informal), tatie (Scotland, Cumbria, dialect), tator (eye dialect)
• (vegetable): Donovan (archaic slang), earthapple (rare), murphy, bog orange (obsolete slang), Irish apricot (obsolete slang), Irish fruit (obsolete slang), mickey
• (low-end computer): toaster (slang)

派生語

動詞

potato (third-person singular simple present potatoes, present participle potatoing, simple past and past participle potatoed)

1. (slang, transitive) To hit very hard; to pummel.
   • 2014, James Dixon, Arnold Furious, Bob Dahlstrom, The Raw Files: 1998, page 26:

     Bradshaw doesn't find much humour in it though, and beats the tar out of Dustin, potatoing him with every blow.

2. (transitive) To hit with a thrown or fired potato.
   • 2017, A. J. Low, Sherlock Sam’s Orange Shorts: Special Edition:

     Yvonne and Lee Swee potatoed Deputy Lestrade multiple times before Sheriff Moran potatoed them both. […] Suddenly, Sheriff Moran heard the click click of an empty weapon. He turned to see that both Mayor Eliza and Kat had run out of ammunition.

間投詞

potato

1. (onomatopoeia, often repeated) The rhythmic sound produced by a V-twin engine—a distinctive deep, throaty exhaust note.

参照

アナグラム

• patoot, topato

動詞

pōtātō

1. second/third-person singular future active imperative of pōtō

Participle

pōtātō

1. masculine/neuter dative/ablative singular of pōtātus