Passiveとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

From 中期英語 passyf, passyve, from Middle French, French passif, from Latin passivus (“serving to express the suffering of an action; in late Latin literally capable of suffering or feeling”), from passus, past participle of pati (“to suffer”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *peh₁- (“to hurt”); compare patient.

発音

• (英国発音, 米国発音) enPR: păsʹ-ĭv, IPA: /ˈpæs.ɪv/
• 韻: -æsɪv
• ハイフネーション: pas‧sive

形容詞

passive (comparative more passive, superlative most passive)

1. Being subjected to an action without producing a reaction.
2. Taking no action.

   He remained passive during the protest.

3. (grammar) Being in the passive voice.
4. (psychology) Being inactive and submissive in a relationship, especially in a sexual one.
5. (finance) Not participating in management.
6. (aviation) Without motive power.

   a passive balloon

   a passive aeroplane

   passive flight, such as gliding and soaring

7. (electronics) Of a component: that consumes but does not produce energy, or is incapable of power gain.
8. (in "passive provision") Where allowance is made for a possible future event.

   Antonym: active

   • 2021 May 5, Paul Clifton, “Network News: Heathrow Western Rail Access scheme 'on hold'”, in RAIL, number 930, page 26:

     There would be a shuttle service of four trains an hour from Reading, where the rebuilt station also has passive provision for the trains.

同意語

• inactive
• idle
• disinterested
• uninvolved

反意語

• active
• aggressive

派生語

関連する語

• passion
• passionate
• patience
• patient

名詞

passive (plural passives)

1. (grammar) The passive voice of verbs.
2. (grammar) A form of a verb that is in the passive voice.
3. (marketing) A customer who is satisfied with a product or service, but not keen enough to promote it by word of mouth.
   • 2014, Roy Barnes, Bob Kelleher, Customer Experience For Dummies, page 266:

     If you want to improve your organization's NPS, you need to follow up with your detractors, passives, and promoters to understand why they answered your question as they did and what you can do better in the future.

4. (electronics) Any component that consumes but does not produce energy, or is incapable of power gain.
   • 2001, The Virginia Engineer, volume 50, page 20:

     Reductions In Both Size And Weight Offered By Integrated Passives
     You may not know it yet, but if you're like most consumers, you want integrated passives.

   • 2010, Sridhar Canumalla, Puligandla Viswanadham, Portable Consumer Electronics: Packaging, Materials, and Reliability:

     The components include active devices such as logic, memory, processors, etc.; passives such as capacitors, resistors, crystal oscillators, inductances, etc.; […]

5. (gaming) Ellipsis of passive attack.
6. A thing whose worth decreases with time.

派生語

Further reading

• “passive”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “passive”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

アナグラム

• pavises

名詞

passive

1. alternative form of passyf

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [pasˈsiː.weː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [pasˈsiː.ve]

副詞

passīvē (not comparable)

1. randomly
2. disorderly