NAPとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA: /næp/
• Homophone: knap
• 韻: -æp

語源 1

From 中期英語 nappen, from 古期英語 hnappian (“to doze, slumber, sleep”), from Proto-West Germanic *hnappōn (“to nap”). Cognate with Old High German hnaffezan, hnaffezzan (whence Middle High German nafzen (“to slumber”) whence German dialectal napfezen, nafzen (“to nod, slumber, nap”)).

動詞

nap (third-person singular simple present naps, present participle napping, simple past and past participle napped)

1. To have a nap; to sleep for a short period of time, especially during the day.

   Synonyms: snooze, doze, kip

2. (figuratively) To be off one's guard.

   The regulators were caught napping by the financial collapse.

   • 1662 (indicated as 1663), [Samuel Butler], “[The First Part of Hudibras]”, in Hudibras. The First and Second Parts. […], London: […] John Martyn and Henry Herringman, […], published 1678; republished in A[lfred] R[ayney] Waller, editor, Hudibras: Written in the Time of the Late Wars, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press, 1905, →OCLC:

     I took thee napping, unprepared.

派生語

語源 2

From 中期英語 nap, from the verb nappen.

名詞

nap (plural naps)

1. A short period of sleep, especially one during the day.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:shut-eye, Thesaurus:sleep

派生語

参考

See Appendix:Collocations of do, have, make, and take for collocations of nap.

語源 3

From late 中期英語 noppe, nappe, from Middle Dutch and Middle Low German noppe, noppen (“to trim the nap”), ultimately from knappen (“to eat, crack”), of imitative origin. Related to the first element of knapsack.

名詞

nap (countable and uncountable, plural naps)

1. A soft or fuzzy surface, generally on fabric or leather.
   • 1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

     I tell thee, Jack Cade the clothier means to dress the commonwealth, and turn it, and set a new nap upon it.

   • 1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “16”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:

     On his long, gaunt body, he carried no spare flesh, no superfluous beard, his chin having a soft, economical nap to it, like the worn nap of his broad-brimmed hat.

   • 1939, Raymond Chandler, The Big Sleep, Penguin, published 2011, page 37:

     There were low bookshelves, there was a thick pinkish Chinese rug in which a gopher could have spent a week without showing his nose above the nap.

   • 1961, Skyline, page 9:

     THEY CALL IT the "nap of the Earth," that area from the ground to the level of surrounding trees and hills, the thin rug of foliage and rock folds at the Earth's skin line that has become all-important to the United States Army.

   • 1987, Some Data Processing Requirements for Precision Nap-Of-the-Earth (NOE) Guidance and Control of Rotorcraft:

     If incorporated in automatic guidance, this practical pursuit adjustment will enhance pilot acceptance of automatic guidance in following nap-of-the-earth profiles with precision.

2. The common direction, on some kinds of fabric, of the hairs making up the pile.

   If the fabric has a nap, make sure all pieces are cut with the nap going the same direction.

   • 1969, Classic Car, volumes 17-19, page 32:

     Instead of grinding the pistons straight around the axis, they are ground diagonally with a special-built machine. As a result, the “nap” of the metal is turned in such a way that, when it meets the “nap” of the cylinder wall, both surfaces quickly develop a high finish which removes the danger of scoring a piston.

派生語

• nap dress
• napless
• nappy
• nap-of-the-earth
• Napster

動詞

nap (third-person singular simple present naps, present participle napping, simple past and past participle napped)

1. To form or raise a soft or fuzzy surface on (fabric or leather).

語源 4

From the name of the French emperor Napoleon I of France.

名詞

nap (countable and uncountable, plural naps)

1. (British) A type of bet in British horse racing, based on the experts' best tips.
   • 2005, Leighton Vaughan-Williams, The Economics of Gambling, page 71:

     4. Races run on English, Welsh or Scottish racecourses. This criterion was included so that media tipsters nap selections in general could be analysed; the source of naps, The Racing Rag 'tipster table', summarises the nap selections of newspaper tipsters, who restrict their selection to horses running at racecourses in these countries.

2. (uncountable, card games) A card game in which players take tricks; properly Napoleon.
3. A bid to take five tricks in the card game Napoleon.

派生語

• go nap
• nap hand

語源 5

Probably of North Germanic origin, from Old Swedish nappa (“to pluck, pinch”). Related to nab.

動詞

nap (third-person singular simple present naps, present participle napping, simple past and past participle napped)

1. (obsolete) To grab; to nab.

別の表記

• knap (obsolete)

派生語

• dognap
• kidnap
• nap it
• nap the regulars
• teen-nap

語源 6

From French napper, from nappe (“nape”).

動詞

nap (third-person singular simple present naps, present participle napping, simple past and past participle napped)

1. (cooking) To cover (something) with a sauce. (usually in the passive)
   • 2006, Wayne Gisslen, Mary Ellen Griffin, Professional Cooking for Canadian Chefs:

     Vanilla ice cream topped with a poached or canned pear half, napped with chocolate sauce, and garnished with toasted sliced almonds.

語源 7

From 中期英語 nap (“a bowl”), from 古期英語 hnæpp (“a cup, bowl”), from Proto-West Germanic *hnapp, from Proto-Germanic *hnappaz (“a cup, bowl”). Cognate with Dutch nap (“drinking cup”), Low German Napp (“bowl, cup”), German Napf (“bowl”), Icelandic hnappur (“button, key”). Doublet of hanap. See also nappy.

名詞

nap (plural naps)

1. (Northern England, Scotland) A cup, bowl.

参照

• The Dictionary of the Scots Language

アナグラム

• ANP, NPA, PAN, PNA, Pan, Pan., pan, pan-

動詞

nāp

1. first/third-person singular preterite indicative of nīpan

語源 1

From 古期英語 hnæpp, from Proto-West Germanic *hnapp, from Proto-Germanic *hnappaz.

別の表記

• nep, nappe, neppe

名詞

nap (plural nappes)

1. A bowl for one's beverages; a chalice.

派生した語

• English: nap (now dialectal)
• Scots: nap, napp

参照

• “nap, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 30 July 2018.

語源 2

Back-formation from nappen.

別の表記

• nappe

名詞

nap

1. A nap or doze; a short sleep.

派生した語

• English: nap
• Scots: nap
• Yola: nappe

参照

• “nap, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 30 July 2018.

語源 3

動詞

nap

1. alternative form of nappen