Misnomerとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

The noun is derived from Late 中期英語 misnoumer (“(law) mistaken identification of a person; plea based on such misidentification”), from Anglo-Norman mesnomer, a noun use of Anglo-Norman mesnomer, mesnommer, and Old French mesnomer, mesnommer (“to name incorrectly”), from mes- (prefix meaning ‘badly, wrongly’) + nomer, nommer (“to name”) (from Latin nōmināre, the present active infinitive of nōminō (“to name”), from nōmen (“name”) (from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥ (“name”)) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs)).

The verb is derived from the noun.

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /(ˌ)mɪsˈnəʊmə/
• (General American) IPA: /ˌmɪsˈnoʊməɹ/
• 韻: -əʊmə(ɹ)
• ハイフネーション: mis‧nom‧er

名詞

misnomer (plural misnomers)

1. (law) A mistake in the naming of a person or place; a misidentification.
2. (by extension)
   1. An incorrect use of a term, especially one which is misleading; a misname.
      • 2020 February 25, Christopher de Bellaigue, “The end of farming?”, in The Guardian‎:

        Rewilding […] is also a misnomer, for whether by getting rid of tens of thousands of sheep in Patagonia or introducing a living species as a surrogate for an extinct one – Sayaguesa cattle in place of aurochs in Croatia’s Velebit Mountains, for instance – rewilding requires more human intervention than its name suggests.

      • 1994, Illinois. Appellate Court, Stephen Davis Porter, Illinois Appellate reports, page 257:

        […] plaintiff's misstyling himself as corporation in initial complaint constituted case of misnomer.

   2. A term which is misleading, even if firmly established, technically correct, or both.

      The name Chinese checkers is a misnomer since the game has nothing to do with China.

      The word blackboard as applied to green or brown chalkboards is a misnomer but is not incorrect, as the broad sense of the word is idiomatic.

      Antonym: aptronym

   3. (nonstandard, proscribed) Something which is asserted not to be true; a mistaken belief, a falsehood, a myth.

      It’s a misnomer that all doctors have bad handwriting.

派生語

参考

• catachresis
• malapropism

動詞

misnomer (third-person singular simple present misnomers, present participle misnomering, simple past and past participle misnomered)

1. (transitive) To use an incorrect, and especially misleading, name for (someone or something); to misidentify, to misname.

   Synonym: (rare) misnome

参照

Further reading

• misnomer on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

アナグラム

• semi-norm, seminorm