MACHINEとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA: /məˈʃiːn/

• (Indic) IPA: /meʃiˑn/, /mə-/
  • (dialectal) IPA: /mɪʃɪn/
    • (weak vowel merger) Homophone: mission
• 韻: -iːn, (Indic, also) -ɪn
• ハイフネーション: ma‧chine

名詞

machine (plural machines)

1. A device that directs and controls energy, often in the form of movement or electricity, to produce a certain effect.
   • 2013 June 1, “A better waterworks”, in The Economist‎, volume 407, number 8838, page 5 (Technology Quarterly):

     An artificial kidney these days still means a refrigerator-sized dialysis machine. Such devices mimic the way real kidneys cleanse blood and eject impurities and surplus water as urine.

2. (dated) A vehicle operated mechanically, such as an automobile or an airplane.
   • 1913 June–December, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “What Happened in the Rue Maule”, in The Return of Tarzan, New York, N.Y.: A[lbert] L[evi] Burt Company, […], published March 1915, →OCLC, pages 40–41:

     As he stood directly beneath a brilliant arc light, waiting for a limousine that was approaching to pass him, he heard his name called in a sweet feminine voice. Looking up, he met the smiling eyes of Olga de Coude as she leaned forward upon the back seat of the machine. He bowed very low in response to her friendly greeting. When he straightened up the machine had borne her away.

   • 1914 July, F. Britten Austin, “The Air-Scout”, in The Strand Magazine, volume XLVIII, London: George Newnes, Ltd., page 568:

     As the aviator turned his machine to reconnoitre in the new direction, he was surprised to see the hostile aeroplane between him and his objective.

   • 1928, Franklin W. Dixon, The Missing Chums, Grosset & Dunlap, page 1:

     "Joe, how soon will you be ready to roll?" Frank Hardy burst into the garage where his brother was working on a sleek, black-and-silver motorcycle. "Right now, if this machine kicks over," Joe replied, putting down a wrench.

   • 1976 August, David Laraway, “Weekends and Other Days: Loving at the edge of life”, in Edith Raymond Locke, editor, Mademoiselle, New York, N.Y.: Condé Nast Publications, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 256, columns 1–2:

     Now, here, he is a Racer. He throws his leg over the machine and settles onto the narrow rubber seat. He pushes it through its revolution twice with his hand, slowly, to force the fuel into the carburetor. Then he stands with his left foot on the peg and jumps down on the lever with his right. The engine starts immediately; he takes very good care of his machine. He sits down, waiting for it to warm up. He caresses the top of the tank, understanding that the machine cannot feel the gesture but content that he can.

3. (telephony, abbreviation) An answering machine or, by extension, voice mail.

   I called you earlier, but all I got was the machine.

4. (computing) A computer.

   Game developers assume they're pushing the limits of the machine.

   He refuses to turn off his Linux machine.

5. (figuratively) A person or organisation that seemingly acts like a machine, being particularly efficient, single-minded, or unemotional.

   Bruce Campbell was a "demon-killing machine" because he made quick work of killing demons.

   The government has become a money-making machine.

6. Especially, the group that controls a political or similar organization; a combination of persons acting together for a common purpose, with the agencies which they use.
   • 1828, Walter Savage Landor, “Rousseau and Malesherbes”, in Imaginary Conversations of Literary Men and Statesmen, volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC:

     The whole machine of government, civil and religious, ought never to bear upon the people with a weight so oppressive

7. (poetry) Supernatural agency in a poem, or a superhuman being introduced to perform some exploit.
   • 1712 May 2 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison], “MONDAY, April 21, 1712”, in The Spectator, number 351; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume IV, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC:

     I am apt to think, that the changing of the Trojan fleet into water-nymphs, which is the most violent machine in the whole Æneid […]

     The spelling has been modernized.

8. (politics, chiefly US) The system of special interest groups that supports a political party, especially in urban areas.
   • 1902, The Friend:

     A machine politician cannot see why the straight ticket (as he and his clique of party bosses prepare it) should not be voted by every citizen belonging to that party.

   • 2006, Jerry F. Hough, Changing Party Coalitions: The Mystery of the Red State-blue State Alignment, Algora Publishing, →ISBN, page 37:

     In essence, therefore, the right-fork strategy of the Democrats meant an alliance of the South with the political machines built on the non-Protestant immigrants in key Northeastern states.

   • 2013, Paul M. Green, Melvin G. Holli, The Mayors: The Chicago Political Tradition, fourth edition, SIU Press, →ISBN, page 126:

     He was thrust into a political maelstrom for which he was ill-prepared, and yet he was, most notably, the Chicago machine's political savior.

9. (euphemistic, obsolete) Penis.
   • 1749, [John Cleland], “[Letter the First]”, in Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure [Fanny Hill], volume I, London: […] [Thomas Parker] for G. Fenton [i.e., Fenton and Ralph Griffiths] […], →OCLC, page 107:

     He now reſumes his attempts in more form: firſt he put one of the pillows under me, to give the blank of his aim a more favourable elevation, and another under my head, in eaſe of it: then ſpreading my thighs, and placing himſelf ſtanding between them, made them reſt upon his hips: applying then the point of his machine to the ſlit, into which he ſought entrance;

10. (historical) A contrivance in the Ancient Greek theatre for indicating a change of scene, by means of which a god might cross the stage or deliver a divine message; the deus ex machina.
11. (obsolete) A bathing machine.
    • 1823, Frances Burney, Journals and Letters, Penguin, published 2001, page 512:

      One Machine only was provided for Bathers, the Limitted smoothness of the sands not extending widely enough to admit another.

同意語

• See also Thesaurus:machine

下位語

派生語

派生した語

• → Ainu: マシン
• → Bengali: মেশিন (meśin)
• → Cowlitz: məšín
• → Irish: meaisín
• → Iban: mesin
• → Japanese: マシン (mashin)
• → Korean: 머신 (meosin)
• → Malay: mesin
• → Maori: mīhini
• → Punjabi

  Gurmukhi script: ਮਸ਼ੀਨ (maśīn)

  Shahmukhi script: مشین (maśīn)

• → Swahili: mashine
• → Tok Pisin: masin

参照

• machine on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

動詞

machine (third-person singular simple present machines, present participle machining, simple past and past participle machined)

1. To make by machinery.
2. To shape or finish by machinery; (usually, more specifically) to shape subtractively by metal-cutting with machine-controlled toolpaths.
   • 2015, Helmi A. Youssef, Machining of Stainless Steels and Super Alloys, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 6:

     Engineering materials have been recently developed whose hardness and strength are considerably increased, such that the cutting speed and the MRR tend to fall when machining such materials using traditional methods like turning, milling, grinding, and so on.

派生語

• machinist
• machinofacture

Further reading

• “machine”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “machine”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• “machine n.”, in Green’s Dictionary of Slang, Jonathon Green, 2016–present

アナグラム

• Eichman