Lichenとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: lī'kən, IPA: /ˈlaɪ.kən/
• enPR: lĭ'chən, (also, especially in the 英国発音) IPA: /ˈlɪtʃ.ən/
• 韻: -aɪkən, -ɪtʃən
• 異形同音異義語: liken, lycan

名詞

lichen (countable and uncountable, plural lichens or lichen)

1. Any of many symbiotic organisms, being associations of algae and fungi, often found as white or yellow-to-blue–green patches on rocks, old walls, etc.
   • 1894 May, Rudyard Kipling, “Lukannon”, in The Jungle Book, London; New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., published June 1894, →OCLC, page 122:

     The Beaches of Lukannon–the winter wheat so tall, / The dripping, crinkled lichens, and the sea-fog drenching all!

   • 1895 May 29, H[erbert] G[eorge] Wells, chapter XI, in The Time Machine: An Invention, London: William Heinemann, →OCLC:

     It was the same rich green that one sees on forest moss or on the lichen in caves: plants which like these grow in a perpetual twilight.

   • 1915, John Muir, chapter V, in Travels in Alaska:

     The nibble marks of the stone adze were still visible, though crusted over with scale lichens in most places.

2. (figurative) Something which gradually spreads across something else, causing damage.

   Synonym: cancer

   • 1912 January, Zane Grey, “Shadows on the Sage-slope”, in Riders of the Purple Sage […], New York, N.Y.; London: Harper & Brothers Publishers, →OCLC, page 202:

     Meanwhile, abiding a day of judgment, she fought ceaselessly to deny the bitter drops in her cup, to tear back the slow, the intangibly slow growth of a hot, corrosive lichen eating into her heart.

下位語

• (symbiotic organism): macrolichen, microlichen

派生語

動詞

lichen (third-person singular simple present lichens, present participle lichening, simple past and past participle lichened)

1. (transitive) To cover with lichen.
   • 1903, J. Gordon Mowat, John Alexander Cooper, Newton MacTavish, The Canadian Magazine, volume 21, page 37:

     […] making the rocks assume the mould of age and lichening the trees with damp beauty.

参考

• algae
• fungus
• Iceland moss
• moss
• reindeer moss

Further reading

• lichen on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• “lichen”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

参照

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈliː.kʰeːn]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈliː.ken]

名詞

līchēn m (genitive līchēnos or līchēnis); third declension

1. (literally) a cryptogamic species of vegetation growing on trees, lichen
2. (transferred sense, medicine) an eruption on the skin of men and beasts, a tetter, ringworm
   1. (and especially) a callous excrescence upon the leg of a horse, used as a medicine

語形変化

Third-declension noun (Greek-type, normal variant or non-Greek-type).

派生語

• līchēnifōrmis

関連する語

• līchēna
• līchēnicos

派生した語

• English: lichen
• French: lichen
• Irish: léicean
• Italian: lichene
• Portuguese: líquen
• Romanian: lichen
• Spanish: liquen

参照

• “līchēn”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “līchēn”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 909/3.
• “līchēn” on page 1,029/1 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)