Libidoとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /lɪˈbiː.dəʊ/
• (英国発音) IPA: /ləˈbi.doʊ/, /lɪˈ-/
• 韻: -iːdəʊ

名詞

libido (countable and uncountable, plural libidos)

1. (common usage) Sexual urges or drives.

   Synonym: (vulgar) horniness

   Antonym: boredom

   Good grief man, control your libido!

2. (psychology) Drives or mental energies related to or based on sexual instincts but not necessarily sexual in and of themselves.

   Antonyms: destrudo, mortido

   Hypernym: drive

   For Freudians, libido means the desire to "unite and bind" with objects in the world.

   The ego as an organ which seeks to synthesize thoughts in the psyche is said to be driven by libido or eros.

3. (astronomy, archaic or misused, an occasional carry-over from astrology to astronomy) Synonym of albedo in terms of a planet's, such as that of Mars, average surface spectral reflectivity.

派生語

関連する語

• libido dominandi

派生した語

• → Mandarin: 力比多 (lìbǐduō)
• → Irish: libídeo
• → Japanese: リビドー (ribidō)
• → Korean: 리비도 (ribido)

参考

• nymphomaniac, hypersexuality, masturbator

語源

From Proto-Italic *luβēō (“to desire”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“love, care, desire”).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: /liˈbiː.doː/, [lʲɪˈbiːd̪oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: /liˈbi.do/, [liˈbiːd̪o]

名詞

libīdō f (genitive libīdinis); third declension

1. desire, fancy, inclination, longing, pleasure, caprice, passion, wantonness

   Synonyms: cupīdō, studium, appetītiō, dēsīderium, appetītus, amor, impetus, ardor, inclīnātiō, prōpēnsiō, avāritia

   • 55 BCE, Cicero, De Oratore 3.1:

     Haec tibi est incīdenda lingua, quā vel ēvulsā spīritū ipsō libīdinem tuam lībertās mea refūtābit.

     (For that) you must sever this tongue of mine, and even if it is torn out, the freedom in my very breath will confound your wantonness.

2. lust, sensuality

   Synonyms: amor, cupīdō

   Libīdō vincit omnia.

   Lust conquers everything.

   • c. 4 BCE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, De brevitate vitae 7:

     In prīmīs autem et illōs numerō quī nūllī reī nisi vīnō ac libīdinī vacant; nūllī enim turpius occupātī sunt.

     But among the worst I count also those who have time for nothing but wine and lust; for none have more shameful engrossments.

   • c. 69 CE – 122 CE, Suetonius, De vita Caesarum 3 44:

     Maiōre adhūc ac turpiōre īnfāmiā flagrāvit, vix ut referrī audīrīve, nēdum crēdī fās sit, quasi puerōs prīmae teneritūdinis, quōs pisciculōs vocābat, īnstitueret, ut natantī sibi inter femina versārentur ac lūderent linguā morsūque sēnsim adpetentēs; atque etiam quasi īnfantēs firmiōrēs, necdum tamen lacte dēpulsōs, inguinī ceu papillae admovēret, prōnior sānē ad id genus libīdinis et nātūrā et aetāte.

     He was excited with a greater and more shameful infamy, that hardly can be told or heard, by no means be believed to be allowed by the gods, like how he trained little boys of the tenderest age, which he called 'little fish', to go around between his thighs and rouse his senses with the tongue and by biting, while he was swimming; or even how he put stronger babies, not weaned yet, to his genitals as if to nipples, certainly more inclined to this kind of lechery by nature as well as by age.

語形変化

Third-declension noun.

派生語

• libīdinōsus

関連する語

• libet
• libīdinōsē
• libita

派生した語

参照

• “libido”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “libido”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• libido in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • anger is defined as a passionate desire for revenge: iracundiam sic (ita) definiunt, ut ulciscendi libidinem esse dicant or ut u. libido sit or iracundiam sic definiunt, ulc. libidinem
    
  • to be carried away by one's passions: libidine ferri
    
  • to abandon oneself (entirely) to debauchery: se (totum) libidinibus dedere
    
  • to bridle one's desires: refrenare cupiditates, libidines
    
  • to arouse some one's lust: libidinem alicuius excitare
    
  • the passions win the day: libido dominatur (Or. 65. 219)
    
  • the storm of passion has abated: libido consēdit