Invalidとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• enPR: ĭn-vă'lĭd, IPA: /ɪnˈvæl.ɪd/

形容詞

invalid (comparative more invalid, superlative most invalid)

1. Not valid; not true, correct, acceptable or appropriate.

   Your argument is invalid because it uses circular reasoning.

   This invalid contract cannot be legally enforced.

同意語

• nonvalid
• disallowed

反意語

• valid

語源 2

From Middle French invalide, from Latin invalidus (“infirm, weak”), from in- (“not”) + validus (“strong”).

発音

• enPR: ĭn'və-lĭd, IPA: /ˈɪn.və.lɪd/

名詞

invalid (plural invalids)

1. (dated, sometimes offensive) Any person with a disability or illness.
2. (dated, sometimes offensive) A person who is confined to home or bed because of illness, disability or injury; one who is too sick or weak to care for themselves.
3. (archaic) A disabled member of the armed forces; one unfit for active duty due to injury.

使用する際の注意点

In recent decades, the use of this word to label persons with disabilities gives the impression of invalidation, hence its offensiveness.

派生語

• fabulous invalid
• invalid carriage
• invalid chair
• invalid stout

形容詞

invalid (not comparable)

1. Suffering from disability or illness.
   • 2000, Diane Price Herndl, Invalid Women: Figuring Feminine Illness in American Fiction and Culture, 1840-1940, University of North Carolina Press, →ISBN, page 1:

     Invalidism therefore referred to a lack of power as well as a tendency toward illness. It is for this reason that I choose to discuss the invalid woman rather than just the ill one.

2. Intended for use by an invalid.

動詞

invalid (third-person singular simple present invalids, present participle invaliding, simple past and past participle invalided)

1. (British, transitive) To exempt from (often military) duty because of injury or ill health.

   He was invalided home after the car crash.

   • 1989, Richard Curtis, Ben Elton, “Goodbyeee”, in Blackadder Goes Forth:

     Blackadder: Right, Baldrick, this is an old trick I picked up in the Sudan. We tell HQ that I’ve gone insane, and I’ll be invalided back to Blighty before you can say "wibble" — a poor, gormless idiot.

   • 2019 September 18, Drachinifel, 26:33 from the start, in Battle of Tsushima - When the 2nd Pacific Squadron thought it couldn't get any worse...‎, archived from the original on 4 December 2022:

     The Japanese armored cruiser Nisshin has been hit badly. Shells have sheared off several main guns and virtually disarmed the vessel. In the middle of all this, one Ensign Isoroku Yamamoto loses two fingers to the remains of an explosion. If he'd lost a third, he would've been invalided out of military service. Thus, by the retention of a single digit would there be rather large consequences a few decades later on down the line.

2. (transitive) To make invalid or affect with disease.

派生語

• invalid out