Georgiaとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˈd͡ʒɔː.d͡ʒə/
• (General American) IPA: /ˈd͡ʒɔɹ.d͡ʒə/, enPR: jôrʹjə
• (Southern 米国発音) IPA: /ˈd͡ʒɔʊ.d͡ʒə/
• 韻: -ɔː(ɹ)dʒə

語源 1

A borrowing from Medieval Latin Geōrgia, itself a borrowing from Classical Persian گرج (gurj) (with influence from (sānctus) Geōrgius (“Saint George”), alluding to the saint's popularity in the country), from Middle Persian 𐭥𐭫𐭥𐭰𐭠𐭭 pl (wiruz-ān, “Iberians, Georgians”). The term's further history is unknown; it may ultimately be a derivation from Middle Persian 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢 (gurg, “wolf”), though that would be phonologically challenging; compare Parthian 𐭅𐭉𐭓𐭔𐭍 pl (wiruž-ān), Old Armenian վիր-ք (vir-kʻ), Old East Slavic гурзи (gurzi). Replaced earlier Georgie, from the same source via a Middle French intermediary.

Early medieval sources hypothesize that the country was named after Saint George, while later European accounts connect the name with agricultural tribes called "Georgi" (from Ancient Greek γεωργός (geōrgós, “farmer”)) mentioned by classical authors (Pliny, IV.26, VI.14; Mela, De Sita Orb. i.2); neither of these etymologies is accepted today.

固有名詞

Georgia

1. A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe. Official name: Georgia. Capital: Tbilisi.
   • c. 1587–1588 (date written), [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The Second Part […], 2nd edition, part 2, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act V, scene i:

     Though this be held his laſt daies dꝛeadfull ſiege,
     Wherein he ſpareth neither man noꝛ childe,
     Yet are there Chꝛiſtians of Georgia here,
     Whoſe ſtate who euer pitied and relieu'd:

   • 1776, Edward Gibbon, chapter III, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume I, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, page 619:

     The practice of raiſing ſlaves to the great offices of ſtate is ſtill more common among the Turks than among the Perſians. The miſerable countries of Georgia and Circaſſia ſupply rulers to the greateſt part of the eaſt.

   • 1948, John Steinbeck, chapter 7, in A Russian Journal, New York: The Viking Press, →ISBN, →OCLC:

     During our stay in Georgia Mr. Chmarsky's gremlin hardly operated at all, and that made us feel better toward him, and made him feel better toward us.

同意語

• Gruzia, Sakartvelo

派生語

• Georgian
• Kingdom of Georgia
• Western Georgia
• Eastern Georgia

派生した語

• → Burmese: ဂျော်ဂျီယာ (gyaugyiya)
• → Hindi: जॉर्जिया (jŏrjiyā)
• → Japanese: ジョージア (Jōjia)
• → Korean: 조지아 (Jojia)
• → Mandarin: 喬治亞 / 乔治亚 (Qiáozhìyà)
• → Maori: Hōria
• → Navajo: Jóojah
• → Thai: จอร์เจีย (jɔɔ-jiia)

参考

• Tbilisi
• Georgian SSR

語源 2

From George (male given name) +‎ -ia (place-name suffix).

固有名詞

Georgia

1. A state in the Southern United States. Capital: Atlanta. It is named for George II of Great Britain (1683–1760).

   Synonym: Jawjuh

   • 1930, “Georgia on My Mind”, Stuart Gorrell (lyrics), Hoagy Carmichael (music):

     I said, Georgia, oh, Georgia
     No peace I find
     Just an old, sweet song
     Keeps Georgia on my mind

   • 2020 November 11, Veronica Stracqualursi, “Georgia to conduct full by-hand count of presidential race ballots, secretary of state says”, in CNN‎:

     Collins and the Trump campaign on Wednesday celebrated the recount decision from the Georgia secretary of state as a victory for “integrity” and “transparency.”

   • 2024 November 24, Chris Boyette, “Investigators release update on BioLab chemical plant fire probe”, in CNN‎:

     The U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (CSB) has released an update on its investigation into the September 29 BioLab fire in Conyers, Georgia, that shrouded neighborhoods in chemical smoke for days and forced thousands of residents to shelter in place or evacuate.

2. Ellipsis of University of Georgia.

   Synonym: UGA

   Coordinate terms: Georgia State, GSU (not to be confused)

   • 2025 January 22, Clare Foran, Haley Talbot and Priscilla Alvarez, “Congress passes immigrant detention bill in first legislative win for Trump”, in CNN‎:

     The legislation is named after Laken Riley, a 22-year old Georgia student who was killed last year while out for a run. An undocumented migrant from Venezuela was convicted and sentenced to life without parole in the case that reignited a national debate over immigration and crime.

3. Several smaller places in the United States.
   1. A town in Franklin County, Vermont, named for George III of the United Kingdom (1738–1820).
   2. An unincorporated community in Lawrence County, Indiana, named for the state.
   3. An unincorporated community in Cherry County, Nebraska, named for George A. Frost, a local carpenter.
   4. An unincorporated community in Monmouth County, New Jersey.
4. A hamlet in Towednack parish, Cornwall, England.
5. A transitional serif typeface named after the state, designed by Matthew Carter in 1993.

派生語

参考

語源 3

Latinate feminine form of George, from Ancient Greek Γεώργιος (Geṓrgios, “farmer”).

固有名詞

Georgia

1. A female given name from Ancient Greek.
   • 1949, Jessamyn West, Except for Me and Thee, Macmillan, published 1969, page 9:

     "Georgia?" his mother said. "Why in the world would a mother want to give her daughter such an outlandish name?" "It's no more outlandish than Jesse Griffith." "Why, Jesse G., thee's named for thy two grandfathers." "Georgia's named for a whole state."

関連する語

• George
• Georgiana
• Georgina

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ɡeˈɔr.ɡi.a]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [d͡ʒeˈɔr.d͡ʒi.a]

固有名詞

Geōrgia f sg (genitive Geōrgiae); first declension

1. (Medieval Latin, New Latin) Georgia (a transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)
2. (New Latin) Georgia (a state in the Southern United States)

語形変化

First-declension noun, with locative, singular only.

派生語

• geōrgiānus

派生した語

• → English: Georgia (see there for further descendants)
• → Middle French: Georgie
  • French: Géorgie
  • → Middle English: Georgie
    • English: Georgie (obsolete)
• → Italian: Georgia
• → Norwegian Bokmål: Georgia
• → Romanian: Georgia
• → Spanish: Georgia