Finalとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• finall (obsolete)

語源

From 中期英語 final, fynal, fynall, from Old French final, from Latin fīnālis (“of or relating to the end or to boundaries”), from fīnis (“end”); see fine. Replaced native English endly (“final”).

発音

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /ˈfaɪnl̩/
• (General American) enPR: fī'nəl, IPA: /ˈfaɪn(ə)l/, [-nəɫ]
• 韻: -aɪnəl
• ハイフネーション: fi‧nal

名詞

final (plural finals)

1. (Canada, US, Philippines) A final examination; a test or examination given at the end of a term or class; the test that concludes a class.
   • 2005 April 13, Robert MacMillan, “Steal This Song”, in The Washington Post, retrieved 3 Oct. 2008:

     It was tough cramming for those midterms and finals, staying up 72 hours straight hepped up on caffeine and pizza.

2. (Oxbridge slang) A final examination taken at the end of the final year of an undergraduate course, which contributes towards a student's degree classification.
3. (sports) The last round, game or match in a contest, after which the winner is determined.
4. (phonology) The final part of a syllable, the combination of medial and rime in phonetics and phonology.
5. (music) The tonic or keynote of a Gregorian mode, and hence the final note of any conventional melody played in that mode.

派生語

派生した語

• → Japanese: ファイナル (fainaru)
• → Korean: 파이널 (paineol)
• → Swahili: fainali

形容詞

final (comparative more final, superlative most final)

1. Last; ultimate.

   final solution;   the final day of a school term

   • 1671, John Milton, “Samson Agonistes, […]”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC:

     Yet despair not of his final pardon.

2. Conclusive; decisive.

   a final judgment;   the battle of Waterloo brought the contest to a final issue

3. Respecting an end or object to be gained; respecting the purpose or ultimate end in view.
4. (grammar) Expressing purpose; as in the term final clause.
5. (linguistics) Word-final; occurring at the end of a word.
   • 1892, Walter Besant, “Prologue: Who is Edmund Gray?”, in The Ivory Gate […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC:

     Thus, when he drew up instructions in lawyer language, he expressed the important words by an initial, a medial, or a final consonant, and made scratches for all the words between; his clerks, however, understood him very well.

同意語

• (last, ultimate): dernier (dated), endly, terminal

反意語

• initial
• early
• first

派生語

派生語

動詞

final (third-person singular simple present finals, present participle (US) finaling or (UK) finalling, simple past and past participle (US) finaled or (UK) finalled)

1. (intransitive, sports, colloquial) To qualify for the final round of a competition.

   Mike finalled in both the 400 meter and the 800 meter races.

   • 2007 January 30, Archive Team, “A Day in the Life: Dennis Baker, Day 1”, in Swimming World‎:

     Early in his swimming career, Baker finaled in the 200 fly at both the 1980 and 1984 Olympic Trials and was a two-time Pacific 10 Champion in the event for the University of Arizona.

   • 2009 October 5, Archive Team, “Swimming World Six Star Kasey Carlson Makes College Pledge”, in Swimming World‎:

     Last year, Carlson would have A finaled in the 100-yard breast (58.75) and B finaled in the 200-yard breast (2:09.66).

   • 2011 September 1, Harry Pearson, “London 2012 can legacy by verbing the noun”, in The Guardian‎:

     Vocab-wise, medalling and PB-ing are now totally part-and-parcelled, and most experts in South Korea believe podiumed, finalled and all-comered are not far off lexiconing.

   • 2021 January 17, Chandler Brandes, “UNC Snags Verbal from Sprinter Tyler Roberton of Tampa Bay Aquatics for 2022-23”, in Swimming World‎:

     In Summer 2019, he finaled in a pair of events at Gainesville Sectionals before going on to take 22nd in the 100m and 200m free at Greensboro Futures.

参考

• medal
• podium

関連する語

Further reading

• “final”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “final”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

アナグラム

• Falin, alfin, flain