Deus ex Machinaとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Unadapted borrowing from Latin deus ex māchinā (literally “god from a machine [i.e., a device, scaffolding, contrivance]”), a calque of Ancient Greek ἀπὸ μηχανῆς θεός (apò mēkhanês theós).

発音

• (英国発音) IPA: /ˌdeɪ.əs ɛks ˈmækɪnə/, /ˌdeɪ.əs ɛks məˈʃiːnə/, /ˌdiːəs ɛks məˈʃiːnə/
• (米国発音) IPA: /ˌdeɪ.əs ˌɛks ˈmɑkənə/, /ˌdeɪ.əs ˌɛks ˈmækənə/

名詞

deus ex machina (plural dei ex machina or dei ex machinis or deus ex machinas)

1. (narratology) Any resolution to a story that does not pay due regard to the story's internal logic and that is so unlikely that it challenges suspension of disbelief, and presumably allows the author, director, or developer to end the story in the way that they desired.

   Near-synonym: (vulgar, slang) ass-pull

   • 1975 December 13, Regina Kahney, “Sister Gin (review)”, in Gay Community News, volume 3, number 24, page 13:

     The women who merge in the final pages leave me unsettled and depressed. Their future is grim. There is no deus ex machina to save them.

   • 2007 August 12, Christopher Hitchens, “Harry Potter: The Boy Who Lived”, in New York Times‎:

     The repeated tactic of deus ex machina (without a deus) has a deplorable effect on both the plot and the dialogue.

   • 2011 January 20, Dave Thier, “‘Parks and Recreation’: Comedy Imitates Life (Sort Of)”, in The Atlantic‎:

     Despite the government shutdown, at the end of the last season Knope is able to put on a children's concert in the abandoned lot she's been trying to turn into a park due to a quick deus ex machina.

   • 2017 June 26, David Sims, “How Will ‘Silicon Valley’ Work Without T.J. Miller?”, in The Atlantic‎:

     Compared to that, the season-four finale “Server Error” felt comparatively tame, focusing mostly on Richard’s maniacal efforts to create a new kind of internet, which were helped along by a confusing deus ex machina.

2. (by extension) A contrived solution to a problem, relying on an agent external to the situation.
   • 2016 January 26, David Robert Grimes, “On the Viability of Conspiratorial Beliefs”, in PLOS One‎, volume 11, number 1, page 3:

     The belief that a cure for cancer is being withheld by vested interests is a long-standing one. It is often used as a universal deus ex machina for those pushing an alternative alleged cure […]

   • 2017 August 14, David A. Graham, “The Search for a Magical Way to Stop Trump”, in The Atlantic‎:

     Handler’s bad advice for generals […] is mostly notable as the most extreme expression of peculiar pleas by Trump opponents who seek some deus ex machina that will stop the president: generals simply disobeying the president, other civil servants refusing to follow through on orders, or even the invocation of the 25th Amendment to remove him from office.

3. (historical, literary) A deity in Greek and Roman drama who was brought in by stage machinery to intervene in a difficult situation (i.e., to resolve a crisis, or untangle issues surrounding it, a character logically expected to do so).
   • 1959, Mary Stewart, chapter XVII, in Nine Coaches Waiting, M. S. Mill Company, page 268:

     I was going to wait for Monsieur Hyppolyte and, like a craven, hand the whole thing over to him. Let the deus ex machina fly in out of the clouds...

4. (historical) A machine used to bring an actor playing a god onto the stage, either up through a trapdoor or (e.g. by crane) from above.

使用する際の注意点

• Rarely, the plurals dii ex machina, di ex machina, dii ex machinis, and di ex machinis are found.
• The plurals ending in ex machina literally translate to “gods from a machine”, whereas the plurals ending in ex machinis literally translate to “gods from machines”; in their usage, these plurals generally retain this distinction in sense, however figuratively.

等位語

• (feminine) dea ex machina

参照

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈde.ʊs ˈɛks ˈmaː.kʰɪ.naː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈdɛː.us ˈɛks ˈmaː.ki.na]
• ハイフネーション: de‧us ex mā‧chi‧nā

名詞

deus ex māchinā m (genitive deī ex māchinā, feminine dea ex māchinā); irregular, second declension

1. deus ex machina (deity in Greek and Roman drama who was brought in by stage machinery to intervene in an inextricable situation)

語形変化

Second-declension noun (irregular) with an indeclinable portion.

Rare during the Classical period.
From Late Latin onwards.