Democratic centralismとは 意味・読み方・使い方

別の表記

• democratic centralization
• democratic centralisation (non-Oxford British English)

名詞

democratic centralism (uncountable)

1. A set of principles of internal organization, mainly associated with Leninism, in which political decisions reached by voting are binding upon all members of the party.

   Antonym: bureaucratic centralism

   • 1972 [1906 May 20], Владимир Ленин [Vladimir Lenin], “Свобода критики и единство действий”, in В. И. Ленин – Полное собрание сочинений, volume 13, page 129; English translation from “Freedom to Criticise and Unity of Action”, in V. I. Lenin – Collected Works, volume 10, translation of original in Russian, 1978, page 443:

     The principle of democratic centralism and autonomy for local Party organisations implies universal and full freedom to criticise, so long as this does not disturb the unity of a definite action; it rules out all criticism which disrupts or makes difficult the unity of an action decided on by the Party.

     [original: При́нцип демократи́ческого централи́зма и автоно́мии ме́стных учрежде́ний означа́ет и́менно свобо́ду кри́тики, по́лную и повсю́ду, раз не наруша́ется э́тим еди́нство определённого де́йствия, — и недопусти́мость никако́й кри́тики, подрыва́ющей и́ли затрудня́ющей еди́нство решённого па́ртией де́йствия.]

     Príncip demokratíčeskovo centralízma i avtonómii méstnyx učreždénij označájet ímenno svobódu krítiki, pólnuju i povsjúdu, raz ne narušájetsja étim jedínstvo opredeljónnovo déjstvija, — i nedopustímostʹ nikakój krítiki, podryvájuščej íli zatrudnjájuščej jedínstvo rešónnovo pártijej déjstvija.

   • 1967 [1940 January], 毛泽东 [Mao Zedong], “新民主主义论”, in 毛泽东选集, volume 第二卷, 人民出版社 [People's Publishing House], page 354; English translation from “On New Democracy”, in Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung, volume II, 外文出版社 [Foreign Languages Press], translation of original in Chinese, 1965, page 352:

     Only a government based on democratic centralism can fully express the will of all the revolutionary people and fight the enemies of the revolution most effectively.

     [original: 只有民主集中制的政府，才能充分地发挥一切革命人民的意志，也才能最有力量地去反对革命的敌人。]