Cloneとは 意味・読み方・使い方

語源

Coined (in botany) in 1903, based on Ancient Greek κλών (klṓn, “twig”). Figurative use from the 1970s.

発音

• enPR: klōn
  • (General American) IPA: /kloʊn/
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA: /kləʊn/
• 韻: -əʊn

名詞

clone (plural clones)

1. A living organism (originally a plant) produced asexually from a single ancestor, to which it is genetically identical.

   This new species is a clone of the mimosa plant.

2. (cytology) A group of identical cells derived from a single cell.

   (Can we add an example for this sense?)

3. A copy or imitation of something already existing, especially when designed to simulate it.

   The computer manufacturer produced IBM PC clones in the 1990s.

4. (informal) A person who is exactly like or very similar to another person, in terms of looks or behavior.
   • 2017, Allyson Kennedy, Can't Beat the Heart of a Carolina Girl:

     Once, on a confident whim, I approached the group of popular girls in an attempt to broaden my circle. Their ringleader took one glance at my new Aeropostale T-shirt and whispered to her clones, “Yeah, Aero's definitely out now.”

5. (LGBTQ, slang) A Castro clone.
   • 1984 August 11, Martin, “Untitled cartoon (caption)”, in Gay Community News, volume 12, number 5, page 7:

     Some of me is clone, but a good part of me is still disco.

   • 1986, Joseph Beam, “Introduction”, in In The Life: A Black Gay Anthology, page 13:

     By mid-1983, I had grown weary of reading literature by white gay men who fell, quite easily, into three camps: the incestuous literati of Manhattan and Fire Island, the San Francisco cropped-mustache-clones, and the Boston-to-Cambridge politically correct radical faggots.

   • 1991 August 31, Arnold M. Zwicky, “What the hell is a TWINKIE?”, in soc.motss‎ (Usenet):

     these are cultural categories. they change over time. new ones appear (the Leatherman is recent, the Bear very recent), old ones vanish (though individual aunties and clones are still to be found - arch-clone jimmy pike is still making videos and keeping his stomach muscles in great shape - the Auntie and the Clone as generally recognized categories are no longer with us).

   • 2022, Richard Vytniorgu, “Effeminate Gay Bottoms in the West”, in Journal of Homosexuality‎, volume 70, number 10, page 2113:

     Since the Second World War and the rise of the middle-class “clone gay” in the US and a similar move away from homosexual effeminacy in Britain—often rooted in working class culture—gender nonconforming or effeminate gay males have been edged out of mainstream understandings of what it means to be gay.

派生語

派生した語

• → Italian: clone
• → Polish: klon
• → Turkish: klon

動詞

clone (third-person singular simple present clones, present participle cloning, simple past and past participle cloned)

1. (transitive) To create a clone of.

   The scientists were able to clone a sheep.

   We cloned the database to perform some testing.

派生語

• reclone

派生した語

• → Thai: โคลน (kloon)

参照

• H.J. Webber. "New Horticultural and Agricultural Terms". Science (new series) 18:501-503, 1903, DOI: 10.1126/science.18.459.501-b.
• C.L. Pollard. "'Clon' versus 'clone'". Science (new series) 22:469, 1905.
• C.L. Pollard. "On the spelling of 'clon'". Science (new series) 22:87-88, 1905.
• W.T. Stearn. "The use of the term 'clone'". Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society 74:41-47, 1949.

アナグラム

• Cleon, Colen, Colne