BACTERIUMとは 意味・読み方・使い方

発音

• IPA: /bækˈtɪəɹ.ɪəm/
• 韻: -ɪəɹiəm

名詞

bacterium (plural bacteria or (uncommon, possibly nonstandard) bacteriums)

1. (microbiology) A single-celled organism with cell walls but no nucleus or organelles.
   • 2013 July 20, “Welcome to the plastisphere”, in The Economist‎, volume 408, number 8845, archived from the original on 14 August 2020:

     Plastics are energy-rich substances, which is why many of them burn so readily. Any organism that could unlock and use that energy would do well in the Anthropocene. Terrestrial bacteria and fungi which can manage this trick are already familiar to experts in the field.

使用する際の注意点

• In most formal writing, bacterium is the singular form of the noun, and bacteria the plural form. This is in accord with the word's Latin etymology. However, in ordinary speech, some speakers use bacteria as a singular, with plural either bacteria or bacterias. This is usually considered nonstandard.

上位語

下位語

• See also Thesaurus:bacterium

派生語

Further reading

• bacterium on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

参考

• bacillus

別の表記

• (cane or staff): bactērius m

語源

From Ancient Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion, “small staff”), from βακτηρία (baktēría).

発音

• (Classical Latin) IPA: [bakˈteː.ri.ũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [bakˈt̪ɛː.ri.um]

名詞

bactērium n (genitive bactēriī); second declension

1. (Late Latin, Medieval Latin) cane, walking-stick; staff (of a shepherd)
2. (New Latin, microbiology) bacterium

語形変化

Second-declension noun (neuter).

参照

• "bacterium", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “bacterium”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• bacterium in Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften (1967– ), Mittellateinisches Wörterbuch, Munich: C.H. Beck
• Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976), “bacterius”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 76