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Ashok Jain

University of Delhi, Department of Physics and Astrophysics, Alumnus

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Dr Ashok Jain is Ph. D in theoretical Physics and Fellow of National Academy of Sciences, India.
His professional career started in Physics research and teaching at the Universities of Delhi (1960-1963) Kyoto Japan, (1963-66), Bristol, UK and International Centre for Theoretical Physics Italy (1971-1973).

From academic profession, he moved into planning and management of Science and Technology as Science Attaché, Indian Embassy, Tokyo (October 1974- October 1978) and as Director, Department of Science & Technology in the Ministry of Science & Technology.

Subsequently as Director of National Institute of Science Technology and Development Studies (NISTADS) of Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, he moved back to research in the emerging interdisciplinary area of interaction between science, technology and society (STS). 1986-1999

After retiring from NISTADS, Dr Jain continued research in STS, as CSIR emeritus scientist, as adjunct professor at Indira Gandhi National Open University and as Vice President, EMPI Business School.

He is President of Japanese Universities Alumni Association (MOSAI) for promoting academic and educational cooperation between India and Japan, Society for Promotion of Science Technology Studies and as Companion of Commonwealth Partnership for Technology Management (CPTM) is associated with S &T & Innovation Policy and Strategy programmes of several African countries.

DR Jain has contributed research publications in Physics, Science-Technology- Innovation Studies, Scientometrics, and on India-Japan relations.
He is President of India0Japan Association (MOSAI)
www.mosai.org.in
Phone: 91- 9810189116
Address: India

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Constandina Koki

Asis Chatopadhyay

Chandrachur Bhattacharya

Federico Benitez

University of Lausanne

Alfredo Sepúlveda-Jiménez

Northcentral University

lionello franco Punzo

Zafiirah Banon Hosenie

University of Toulouse

University of Tasmania

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Papers by Ashok Jain

Complexity Measure in time-series data: Application to Commodity Export and Research Publication Data

Time series data on production, export and research are extensively used in economics. Recognisin... more Time series data on production, export and research are extensively used in economics. Recognising that time series data is an output of a complex 'system' involving dynamic interaction between several internal and external factors, in physical, biological, and medical sciences the technique of permutation entropy has emerged as a technique to estimate complexity (complexity index)

CALCULATIONS OF ELECTRICAL TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF LIQUID METALS AT HIGH PRESSURES

It is shown how the usual nearly-free-electron model for the electrical resistivity of simple liq... more It is shown how the usual nearly-free-electron model for the electrical resistivity of simple liquid metals can be extended to the case of liquid transition metals such as iron. A simple prescription is given for calculating the resistivity at different densities and temperatures. As an application and example of the method, calculations on liquid iron at different densities have

The history of the National Institute of Science Technology and Development Studies, which traces... more The history of the National Institute of Science Technology and Development Studies, which traces its lineage from the bodies set up by Nehru, and its current research programme are reviewed. Activity centres on the history and philosophy of science and technology, the effects of scientific progress on society and attempts to model these changes, and the diffusion of technology through society. More recent programmes include studies of the management of resources and of research and development.

Repositioning Grassroots Innovation in India's S &T policy: from Divider to Provider 1

Dynamic Patterns in Processes of Science Systems: Case of bringing out Journals by Science Academies

Indian Science Congress 1990-A Report

Quantitative Study of Processes in Science: Application of Symbolic Logic Based Patterns

by Ashok Jain and Mrinal Das

Nuclear Size Correction to the Relativistic Thomas Fermi Equation of State and Its Effect on Chandrasekhar's Mass Limit

Progress of Theoretical Physics, 1963

Audio Systems in Indian Market: Demand and Technology Forecasts

Electronics …, 1995

Dynamic Patterns in Processes of Science Systems: Science Academies & their Journals-An illustrative example

J Scientometric Res. , Sept-DEc, Vol 5, 2016

The paper presents a quantitative method of comparing the hitherto less explored processes embedd... more The paper presents a quantitative method of comparing the hitherto less explored processes embedded in science activities performed by different organisations. The method requires only time series data of the output of activity. As an illustration, the method is applied to compare the processes embedded in activity of academies in the US, Japan, China (Taiwan) and India; the chosen activity is meant to disseminate results of scientific results through English language journals. The activity is viewed as an activity performed by a complex system involving interactions at different times between paper contributors, finance providers, peers, readers, organisations and structures responsible for its publication and distribution. The paper estimates Permutation Entropy as a complexity index to characterise processes embedded in the activity. The method circumvents the need of measurable data on individual actors and agencies involved in the activity. Results reveal similarities in processes adopted by academies in US and Japan and hence they constitute a cluster; academies of Taiwan and India lay out side this cluster. Referring to literature on organisational learning, it is pointed out that complexity index also reflects the ability of the system to learn from experience, an observation that has policy implications. Finally it is noted that as the method requires only time series data of the activity out put, it can be applied for inter country comparisons of processes and learning abilities embedded in other science and technology sub systems of National Innovation System and can in principle be used as an additional tool for crosscountry comparisons of National Innovation Systems.

Strengthening Science and Technology Capacities for Indigenisation of Technology-the Indian experience 0 0 0 0

Int.J.Services Technology & Management, 2003

India, since independence in 1947, had initiated policies and programmes for the development of i... more India, since independence in 1947, had initiated policies and programmes for the development of indigenous capacities in Science and Technology as an integral part of its efforts at establishing a modern nation state. A five-year planning approach had been adopted for economic and industrial development. The Indian experience of strengthening the Science and Technology capacities in the context of industrialization as it has evolved over the various plan periods from 1947 to 2001 has been analyzed. Strengthening of Science and Technology capacities is viewed as a process establishing innovation networks interconnecting science, innovation and industrial activities. Therefore, India's policies and programmes for both Science and for Industry and the interrelationship between the two have been examined. It is shown that the Indian policies and programmes have evolved through five phases of development. In terms of strengthening of Science and Technology capacities, the phases have been characterized as, Phase I: Infrastructure building, Phase II: Reorientation, Phase III: Promotion of indigenous technologies, Phase IV: Moving towards economic liberalization and Phase V: Science and Technology in liberalized economy. Policies and programmes as they have evolved in each of the phases have been examined with illustrative examples. The growth of Science and Technology capacities for indigenisation of technology has been analyzed to show the gradual emergence of innovation networks.

Growth of Science & Technology in Post War Japan

Japan India Association Article

Contemporary India Forum Quarterly , 2019

Lesser Known Historical & Cultural Links Between India & Japan

Strengthening Science and Technology Capacities for Indigenisation of Technology-the Indian experience 0 0 0 0

Intl. J. Services Technology & Management, , 2003

India, since independence in 1947, had initiated policies and programmes for the development of i... more India, since independence in 1947, had initiated policies and programmes for the development of indigenous capacities in Science and Technology as an integral part of its efforts at establishing a modern nation state. A five-year planning approach had been adopted for economic and industrial development. The Indian experience of strengthening the Science and Technology capacities in the context of industrialization as it has evolved over the various plan periods from 1947 to 2001 has been analyzed. Strengthening of Science and Technology capacities is viewed as a process establishing innovation networks interconnecting science, innovation and industrial activities. Therefore, India's policies and programmes for both Science and for Industry and the interrelationship between the two have been examined. It is shown that the Indian policies and programmes have evolved through five phases of development. In terms of strengthening of Science and Technology capacities, the phases have been characterized as, Phase I: Infrastructure building, Phase II: Reorientation, Phase III: Promotion of indigenous technologies, Phase IV: Moving towards economic liberalization and Phase V: Science and Technology in liberalized economy. Policies and programmes as they have evolved in each of the phases have been examined with illustrative examples. The growth of Science and Technology capacities for indigenisation of technology has been analyzed to show the gradual emergence of innovation networks.

Networks of Science and Technology in India: The Elite and the Subaltern Streams

AI & SOCIETY, 2002

Abstract: The paper investigates the structure and functioning of the science and technology (S&T... more Abstract: The paper investigates the structure and functioning of the science and technology (S&T) system in India as it has evolved in the post-independence period (1947 onwards). The networks of entities involved in S&T actions, the paper argues, can be categorised, in terms of adopted approaches to agenda and priority setting and accounting for actions, into two streams. The origins and expansion of the two streams are traced. One, the ‘Elite’ stream (high profile and visibility linked to big industry), adopting what the paper has generically termed the ‘Nehruvian’ model of development, is shown to have emerged as a dominant network. The other socially powerful ‘Subaltern’ stream (less visible, closer to ground realities and linked to village and cottage industry), adopting the ‘Gandhian’ model of development, still remains dispersed and outside the consideration of high-level decision-making bodies. The paper stresses the importance of moving the support and attention from the d...

Dynamic Patterns in Processes of Science Systems: Science Academies & their Journals-An illustrative example

Journal of Scientometric Research

The paper presents a quantitative method of comparing the hitherto less explored processes embedd... more The paper presents a quantitative method of comparing the hitherto less explored processes embedded in science activities performed by different organisations. The method requires only time series data of the output of activity. As an illustration, the method is applied to compare the processes embedded in activity of academies in the US, Japan, China (Taiwan) and India; the chosen activity is meant to disseminate results of scientific results through English language journals. The activity is viewed as an activity performed by a complex system involving interactions at different times between paper contributors, finance providers, peers, readers, organisations and structures responsible for its publication and distribution. The paper estimates Permutation Entropy as a complexity index to characterise processes embedded in the activity. The method circumvents the need of measurable data on individual actors and agencies involved in the activity. Results reveal similarities in processes adopted by academies in US and Japan and hence they constitute a cluster; academies of Taiwan and India lay out side this cluster. Referring to literature on organisational learning, it is pointed out that complexity index also reflects the ability of the system to learn from experience, an observation that has policy implications. Finally it is noted that as the method requires only time series data of the activity out put, it can be applied for inter country comparisons of processes and learning abilities embedded in other science and technology sub systems of National Innovation System and can in principle be used as an additional tool for crosscountry comparisons of National Innovation Systems.

Resistivity of solid Fe, Cu, W, Nb, Ta, Mo and Pd using t matrix

Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics

... Len. 35A 57-8 Evan R, Gaspari G D and Gyorffy B L 1973a J. Phys. F: Metal Phys. 3 39-54 Evans... more

Calculations on electrical resistivity and thermoelectric power of nonsimple metals

Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics

Calculations of the electrical resistivity and thermoelectric power of several nonsimple metals h... more Calculations of the electrical resistivity and thermoelectric power of several nonsimple metals have been carried out using a t matrix approach based on density matrix formalism, scattering theory, and the muffin-tin model of a solid. For most non-simple metals the calculated results have been found to be in good agreement with experiment.

Resistivity of liquid transition metals and their alloys using the t matrix

Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics

ABSTRACT

Resistivity, thermoelectric power, and Hall coefficient of liquid mercury using a t -matrix formalism

Physical Review B, 1975

... It seems that essentially what one requires is that the t matrix of the solute atom should be... more

Complexity Measure in time-series data: Application to Commodity Export and Research Publication Data

Time series data on production, export and research are extensively used in economics. Recognisin... more Time series data on production, export and research are extensively used in economics. Recognising that time series data is an output of a complex 'system' involving dynamic interaction between several internal and external factors, in physical, biological, and medical sciences the technique of permutation entropy has emerged as a technique to estimate complexity (complexity index)

CALCULATIONS OF ELECTRICAL TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF LIQUID METALS AT HIGH PRESSURES

It is shown how the usual nearly-free-electron model for the electrical resistivity of simple liq... more It is shown how the usual nearly-free-electron model for the electrical resistivity of simple liquid metals can be extended to the case of liquid transition metals such as iron. A simple prescription is given for calculating the resistivity at different densities and temperatures. As an application and example of the method, calculations on liquid iron at different densities have

The history of the National Institute of Science Technology and Development Studies, which traces... more The history of the National Institute of Science Technology and Development Studies, which traces its lineage from the bodies set up by Nehru, and its current research programme are reviewed. Activity centres on the history and philosophy of science and technology, the effects of scientific progress on society and attempts to model these changes, and the diffusion of technology through society. More recent programmes include studies of the management of resources and of research and development.

Repositioning Grassroots Innovation in India's S &T policy: from Divider to Provider 1

Dynamic Patterns in Processes of Science Systems: Case of bringing out Journals by Science Academies

Indian Science Congress 1990-A Report

Quantitative Study of Processes in Science: Application of Symbolic Logic Based Patterns

by Ashok Jain and Mrinal Das

Nuclear Size Correction to the Relativistic Thomas Fermi Equation of State and Its Effect on Chandrasekhar's Mass Limit

Progress of Theoretical Physics, 1963

Audio Systems in Indian Market: Demand and Technology Forecasts

Electronics …, 1995

Dynamic Patterns in Processes of Science Systems: Science Academies & their Journals-An illustrative example

J Scientometric Res. , Sept-DEc, Vol 5, 2016

The paper presents a quantitative method of comparing the hitherto less explored processes embedd... more The paper presents a quantitative method of comparing the hitherto less explored processes embedded in science activities performed by different organisations. The method requires only time series data of the output of activity. As an illustration, the method is applied to compare the processes embedded in activity of academies in the US, Japan, China (Taiwan) and India; the chosen activity is meant to disseminate results of scientific results through English language journals. The activity is viewed as an activity performed by a complex system involving interactions at different times between paper contributors, finance providers, peers, readers, organisations and structures responsible for its publication and distribution. The paper estimates Permutation Entropy as a complexity index to characterise processes embedded in the activity. The method circumvents the need of measurable data on individual actors and agencies involved in the activity. Results reveal similarities in processes adopted by academies in US and Japan and hence they constitute a cluster; academies of Taiwan and India lay out side this cluster. Referring to literature on organisational learning, it is pointed out that complexity index also reflects the ability of the system to learn from experience, an observation that has policy implications. Finally it is noted that as the method requires only time series data of the activity out put, it can be applied for inter country comparisons of processes and learning abilities embedded in other science and technology sub systems of National Innovation System and can in principle be used as an additional tool for crosscountry comparisons of National Innovation Systems.

Strengthening Science and Technology Capacities for Indigenisation of Technology-the Indian experience 0 0 0 0

Int.J.Services Technology & Management, 2003

India, since independence in 1947, had initiated policies and programmes for the development of i... more India, since independence in 1947, had initiated policies and programmes for the development of indigenous capacities in Science and Technology as an integral part of its efforts at establishing a modern nation state. A five-year planning approach had been adopted for economic and industrial development. The Indian experience of strengthening the Science and Technology capacities in the context of industrialization as it has evolved over the various plan periods from 1947 to 2001 has been analyzed. Strengthening of Science and Technology capacities is viewed as a process establishing innovation networks interconnecting science, innovation and industrial activities. Therefore, India's policies and programmes for both Science and for Industry and the interrelationship between the two have been examined. It is shown that the Indian policies and programmes have evolved through five phases of development. In terms of strengthening of Science and Technology capacities, the phases have been characterized as, Phase I: Infrastructure building, Phase II: Reorientation, Phase III: Promotion of indigenous technologies, Phase IV: Moving towards economic liberalization and Phase V: Science and Technology in liberalized economy. Policies and programmes as they have evolved in each of the phases have been examined with illustrative examples. The growth of Science and Technology capacities for indigenisation of technology has been analyzed to show the gradual emergence of innovation networks.

Growth of Science & Technology in Post War Japan

Japan India Association Article

Contemporary India Forum Quarterly , 2019

Lesser Known Historical & Cultural Links Between India & Japan

Strengthening Science and Technology Capacities for Indigenisation of Technology-the Indian experience 0 0 0 0

Intl. J. Services Technology & Management, , 2003

India, since independence in 1947, had initiated policies and programmes for the development of i... more India, since independence in 1947, had initiated policies and programmes for the development of indigenous capacities in Science and Technology as an integral part of its efforts at establishing a modern nation state. A five-year planning approach had been adopted for economic and industrial development. The Indian experience of strengthening the Science and Technology capacities in the context of industrialization as it has evolved over the various plan periods from 1947 to 2001 has been analyzed. Strengthening of Science and Technology capacities is viewed as a process establishing innovation networks interconnecting science, innovation and industrial activities. Therefore, India's policies and programmes for both Science and for Industry and the interrelationship between the two have been examined. It is shown that the Indian policies and programmes have evolved through five phases of development. In terms of strengthening of Science and Technology capacities, the phases have been characterized as, Phase I: Infrastructure building, Phase II: Reorientation, Phase III: Promotion of indigenous technologies, Phase IV: Moving towards economic liberalization and Phase V: Science and Technology in liberalized economy. Policies and programmes as they have evolved in each of the phases have been examined with illustrative examples. The growth of Science and Technology capacities for indigenisation of technology has been analyzed to show the gradual emergence of innovation networks.

Networks of Science and Technology in India: The Elite and the Subaltern Streams

AI & SOCIETY, 2002

Abstract: The paper investigates the structure and functioning of the science and technology (S&T... more Abstract: The paper investigates the structure and functioning of the science and technology (S&T) system in India as it has evolved in the post-independence period (1947 onwards). The networks of entities involved in S&T actions, the paper argues, can be categorised, in terms of adopted approaches to agenda and priority setting and accounting for actions, into two streams. The origins and expansion of the two streams are traced. One, the ‘Elite’ stream (high profile and visibility linked to big industry), adopting what the paper has generically termed the ‘Nehruvian’ model of development, is shown to have emerged as a dominant network. The other socially powerful ‘Subaltern’ stream (less visible, closer to ground realities and linked to village and cottage industry), adopting the ‘Gandhian’ model of development, still remains dispersed and outside the consideration of high-level decision-making bodies. The paper stresses the importance of moving the support and attention from the d...

Dynamic Patterns in Processes of Science Systems: Science Academies & their Journals-An illustrative example

Journal of Scientometric Research

The paper presents a quantitative method of comparing the hitherto less explored processes embedd... more The paper presents a quantitative method of comparing the hitherto less explored processes embedded in science activities performed by different organisations. The method requires only time series data of the output of activity. As an illustration, the method is applied to compare the processes embedded in activity of academies in the US, Japan, China (Taiwan) and India; the chosen activity is meant to disseminate results of scientific results through English language journals. The activity is viewed as an activity performed by a complex system involving interactions at different times between paper contributors, finance providers, peers, readers, organisations and structures responsible for its publication and distribution. The paper estimates Permutation Entropy as a complexity index to characterise processes embedded in the activity. The method circumvents the need of measurable data on individual actors and agencies involved in the activity. Results reveal similarities in processes adopted by academies in US and Japan and hence they constitute a cluster; academies of Taiwan and India lay out side this cluster. Referring to literature on organisational learning, it is pointed out that complexity index also reflects the ability of the system to learn from experience, an observation that has policy implications. Finally it is noted that as the method requires only time series data of the activity out put, it can be applied for inter country comparisons of processes and learning abilities embedded in other science and technology sub systems of National Innovation System and can in principle be used as an additional tool for crosscountry comparisons of National Innovation Systems.

Resistivity of solid Fe, Cu, W, Nb, Ta, Mo and Pd using t matrix

Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics

... Len. 35A 57-8 Evan R, Gaspari G D and Gyorffy B L 1973a J. Phys. F: Metal Phys. 3 39-54 Evans... more

Calculations on electrical resistivity and thermoelectric power of nonsimple metals

Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics

Calculations of the electrical resistivity and thermoelectric power of several nonsimple metals h... more Calculations of the electrical resistivity and thermoelectric power of several nonsimple metals have been carried out using a t matrix approach based on density matrix formalism, scattering theory, and the muffin-tin model of a solid. For most non-simple metals the calculated results have been found to be in good agreement with experiment.

Resistivity of liquid transition metals and their alloys using the t matrix

Journal of Physics F: Metal Physics

ABSTRACT

Resistivity, thermoelectric power, and Hall coefficient of liquid mercury using a t -matrix formalism

Physical Review B, 1975

... It seems that essentially what one requires is that the t matrix of the solute atom should be... more

India-Japan Narratives: Lesser Known Historical & Cultural Interactions: An Introduction 1

by Ashok Jain and Sushila Narsimhan

India-Japan Narratives: Lesser Known Historical & Cultural Interactions , 2021

Dialogues between India and Japan invariably refer to long history of contacts between the two co... more Dialogues between India and Japan invariably refer to long history of contacts between the two countries dating back to the visit to Japan of Indian Buddhist monk, Bodhisena, in the eighth century AD. The preamble to Japan-India relations on the web site of Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOF) of Japan formulates that historical connect as:-'Indian culture, filtered through Buddhism, has had a great impact on Japanese culture and is the source of Japanese people's sense of closeness to India'. 2 The formulation implies centuries of continuity of cultural interactions between India and Japan. Bodhisena's visit to Japan in the eight century A.D. is considered as first cultural contact between India and Japan mediated by people-to-people contact 3. In the then prevailing Buddhism oriented milieu in Japan the peopleto-people contact triggered interaction of a philosophical and spiritual cultural construct between India and Japan. 4 Tokubei Tenjiku visit to India about ten