{"id":985944,"date":"2024-12-27T07:40:46","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T23:40:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/985944.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T07:40:48","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T23:40:48","slug":"python%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/985944.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25062736\/ab747e6d-0124-4c89-8ea7-634fb3c7e93e.webp\" alt=\"python\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> <strong>\u4f7f\u7528Python\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u751f\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/strong>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u9002\u5408\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5982unittest\u3001pytest\u6216nose\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7virtualenv\u6216venv\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u751f\u6210\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u6d4b\u8bd5\u62a5\u544a\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6d1e\u5bdf\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e00\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u662fPython\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>1.1 unittest<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>unittest\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9075\u5faaxUnit\u98ce\u683c\u3002\u5b83\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570Python\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6xUnit\u5de5\u5177\u96c6\u6210\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4f18\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u5185\u7f6e\u4e8ePython\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u989d\u5916\u5b89\u88c5\uff1b\u529f\u80fd\u5168\u9762\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5957\u4ef6\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53d1\u73b0\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8df3\u8fc7\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7f3a\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u7a0d\u663e\u5197\u957f\uff1b\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h4>1.2 pytest<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>pytest\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u4e14\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5176\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u751f\u6001\u800c\u95fb\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4f18\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001fixture\u3001\u63d2\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55\uff1b\u62a5\u544a\u4fe1\u606f\u8be6\u7ec6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7f3a\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u5b89\u88c5\uff1b\u5bf9\u65b0\u624b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u95f4\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h4>1.3 nose<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>nose\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u81ea\u52a8\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u63d2\u4ef6\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4f18\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u63d2\u4ef6\uff1b\u4e0eunittest\u517c\u5bb9\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7f3a\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f00\u53d1\u5df2\u505c\u6b62\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u66f4\u65b0\uff1b\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u5982pytest\u4e30\u5bcc\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u8fdb\u884cPython\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>2.1 \u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528virtualenv\u6216venv\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u9694\u79bb\u7684Python\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>virtualenv<\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540cPython\u7248\u672c\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684Python\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install virtualenv<\/p>\n<p>virtualenv venv<\/p>\n<p>source venv\/bin\/activate  # Linux\/Mac<\/p>\n<p>venv\\Scripts\\activate     # Windows<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>venv<\/strong>\uff1aPython 3.3\u540e\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">python3 -m venv venv<\/p>\n<p>source venv\/bin\/activate  # Linux\/Mac<\/p>\n<p>venv\\Scripts\\activate     # Windows<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h4>2.2 \u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528<code>pip<\/code>\u7ba1\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa<code>requirements.txt<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5217\u51fa\u9879\u76ee\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip freeze &gt; requirements.txt<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install -r requirements.txt<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h3>\u4e09\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u662f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ee3\u7801\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u7f16\u5199\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3.1 \u4f7f\u7528unittest\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>unittest\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u662f<code>unittest.TestCase<\/code>\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import unittest<\/p>\n<p>class TestExample(unittest.TestCase):<\/p>\n<p>    def test_addition(self):<\/p>\n<p>        self.assertEqual(1 + 1, 2)<\/p>\n<p>    def test_subtraction(self):<\/p>\n<p>        self.assertEqual(2 - 1, 1)<\/p>\n<p>if __name__ == &#39;__m<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/blog\/59162.html\" target=\"_blank\">AI<\/a>n__&#39;:<\/p>\n<p>    unittest.main()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>3.2 \u4f7f\u7528pytest\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>pytest\u901a\u8fc7\u51fd\u6570\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u7b80\u6d01\u4e14\u6613\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">def test_addition():<\/p>\n<p>    assert 1 + 1 == 2<\/p>\n<p>def test_subtraction():<\/p>\n<p>    assert 2 - 1 == 1<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u56db\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6267\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4ee3\u7801\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6267\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>4.1 \u4f7f\u7528unittest\u6267\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>unittest\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6216\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">python -m unittest discover<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:<\/p>\n<p>    unittest.main()<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h4>4.2 \u4f7f\u7528pytest\u6267\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>pytest\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pytest<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><h3>\u4e94\u3001\u751f\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u62a5\u544a<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u751f\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u62a5\u544a\u662f\u5206\u6790\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u751f\u6210\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>5.1 unittest\u62a5\u544a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>unittest\u9ed8\u8ba4\u751f\u6210\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6587\u672c\u62a5\u544a\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>xmlrunner<\/code>\u7b49\u63d2\u4ef6\u751f\u6210XML\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e8e\u96c6\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5xmlrunner\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install unittest-xml-reporting<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528xmlrunner\u751f\u6210\u62a5\u544a\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-python\">import xmlrunner<\/p>\n<p>if __name__ == &#39;__main__&#39;:<\/p>\n<p>    unittest.main(testRunner=xmlrunner.XMLTestRunner(output=&#39;test-reports&#39;))<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h4>5.2 pytest\u62a5\u544a<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>pytest\u63d0\u4f9b\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u63d2\u4ef6\u751f\u6210HTML\u6216XML\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5pytest-html\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pip install pytest-html<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u751f\u6210HTML\u62a5\u544a\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pytest --html=report.html<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h3>\u516d\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\u4e0e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u81ea\u52a8\u5316<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5355\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u66f4\u5e94\u5f53\u96c6\u6210\u5230\u6301\u7eed\u96c6\u6210\uff08CI\uff09\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><h4>6.1 \u96c6\u6210CI\u5de5\u5177<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5e38\u89c1\u7684CI\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u62ecJenkins\u3001Travis CI\u3001GitHub Actions\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u63d0\u4ea4\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u8fd0\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Jenkins<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7Jenkins Pipeline\u914d\u7f6e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u63d2\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>Travis CI<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0eGitHub\u96c6\u6210\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7<code>.travis.yml<\/code>\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4e49\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>GitHub Actions<\/strong>\uff1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u4e8b\u4ef6\u89e6\u53d1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><h4>6.2 \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b56\u7565<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b49\u3002\u5236\u5b9a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5355\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9891\u7e41\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u96c6\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u591a\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u96c6\u6210\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u6a21\u62df\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u9009\u62e9\u3001\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u7f16\u5199\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6267\u884c\u3001\u62a5\u544a\u751f\u6210\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u96c6\u6210\uff0cPython\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982<code>venv<\/code>\u6216<code>virtualenv<\/code>\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd0\u884c<code>python -m venv env<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a\u201cenv\u201d\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3002\u6fc0\u6d3b\u73af\u5883\u540e\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5305\u5c06\u53ea\u5728\u8be5\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u51b2\u7a81\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728Python\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eWindows\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>env\\Scripts\\activate<\/code>\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8eMac\u548cLinux\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528<code>source env\/bin\/activate<\/code>\u3002\u6fc0\u6d3b\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>pip install package_name<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5305\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5305\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Python\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684<code>unittest<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6216\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u5982<code>pytest<\/code>\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u811a\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u653e\u5728\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8fd0\u884c<code>python -m unittest<\/code>\u6216<code>pytest<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u6267\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u548c\u8986\u76d6\u7387\u62a5\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528Python\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u4f8b\u3001\u6267\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u751f\u6210\u6d4b\u8bd5\u62a5\u544a [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":985947,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/985944"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=985944"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/985944\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":985949,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/985944\/revisions\/985949"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/985947"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=985944"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=985944"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=985944"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}