{"id":985601,"date":"2024-12-27T07:38:02","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T23:38:02","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-12-27T07:38:05","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T23:38:05","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%88%aa%e5%8f%96%e5%88%97%e8%a1%a8%e5%85%83%e7%b4%a0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/985601.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u622a\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u622a\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\"<\/p>\n

Python\u4e2d\u622a\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5207\u7247\u64cd\u4f5c\u3001\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5207\u7247\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u5f00\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\u6765\u622a\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff1b\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6761\u4ef6\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff1b\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\u5982filter()\u3001map()\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/strong>\u5207\u7247\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u4e14\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u6307\u5b9a\u622a\u53d6\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982list[start:end]<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u4ece\u7d22\u5f15start<\/code>\u5230end-1<\/code>\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5207\u7247\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u7684\u5207\u7247\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff08:<\/code>\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u800c\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5207\u7247\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u662flist[start:end:step]<\/code>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dstart<\/code>\u662f\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\uff0cend<\/code>\u662f\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff09\uff0cstep<\/code>\u662f\u6b65\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u57fa\u672c\u5207\u7247<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u8d77\u59cb\u548c\u7ed3\u675f\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u622a\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]<\/p>\n
    sub_list = numbers[2:5]<\/p>\n
    print(sub_list)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [2, 3, 4]<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8fd9\u91cc\uff0cnumbers[2:5]<\/code>\u63d0\u53d6\u4e86\u7d22\u5f152\u5230\u7d22\u5f154\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u6b65\u957f\u5207\u7247<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u6b65\u957f\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u4ee5\u56fa\u5b9a\u95f4\u9694\u8df3\u8fc7\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]<\/p>\n
    sub_list = numbers[::2]<\/p>\n
    print(sub_list)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [0, 2, 4, 6, 8]<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8fd9\u91cc\uff0cnumbers[::2]<\/code>\u63d0\u53d6\u4e86\u4ece\u5934\u5230\u5c3e\uff0c\u6bcf\u9694\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u53cd\u5411\u5207\u7247<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u6b65\u957f\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u8d1f\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ece\u53f3\u5411\u5de6\u63d0\u53d6\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]<\/p>\n
    sub_list = numbers[::-1]<\/p>\n
    print(sub_list)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    numbers[::-1]<\/code>\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u7684\u9006\u5e8f\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u751f\u6210\u5217\u8868\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u4ece\u539f\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7b5b\u9009\u5143\u7d20\u6216\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u53d8\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u6761\u4ef6\u7b5b\u9009<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]<\/p>\n
      even_numbers = [x for x in numbers if x % 2 == 0]<\/p>\n
      print(even_numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [0, 2, 4, 6, 8]<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c[x for x in numbers if x % 2 == 0]<\/code>\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5076\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u53d8\u6362\u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5217\u8868\u89e3\u6790\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u8fdb\u884c\u53d8\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/p>\n
      squares = [x2 for x in numbers]<\/p>\n
      print(squares)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25]<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c[x2 for x in numbers]<\/code>\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u4e09\u3001\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \n
        filter()<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        filter()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e\u6761\u4ef6\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]<\/p>\n
        even_numbers = list(filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, numbers))<\/p>\n
        print(even_numbers)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [0, 2, 4, 6, 8]<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        filter()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u7528list()<\/code>\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      2. \n
        map()<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        map()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5e94\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/p>\n
        squares = list(map(lambda x: x2, numbers))<\/p>\n
        print(squares)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25]<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u540c\u6837\u5730\uff0cmap()<\/code>\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u56db\u3001\u7d22\u5f15\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u9664\u4e86\u5207\u7247\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u83b7\u53d6\u5355\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e5f\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \n
          \u5355\u4e2a\u7d22\u5f15<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u5b9a\u7d22\u5f15\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5143\u7d20\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/p>\n
          element = numbers[3]<\/p>\n
          print(element)  # \u8f93\u51fa: 3<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
        2. \n
          \u8d1f\u7d22\u5f15<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u8d1f\u7d22\u5f15\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u672b\u5c3e\u5f00\u59cb\u8ba1\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          numbers = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/p>\n
          element = numbers[-1]<\/p>\n
          print(element)  # \u8f93\u51fa: 5<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u4e94\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u9ad8\u7ea7\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5728\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5217\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \n
            \u591a\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\u5207\u7247<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u5bf9\u4e8e\u591a\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\uff08\u5982\u77e9\u9635\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5d4c\u5957\u5207\u7247\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            matrix = [<\/p>\n
                [1, 2, 3],<\/p>\n
                [4, 5, 6],<\/p>\n
                [7, 8, 9]<\/p>\n
            ]<\/p>\n
            sub_matrix = [row[1:] for row in matrix[:2]]<\/p>\n
            print(sub_matrix)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [[2, 3], [5, 6]]<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
          2. \n
            \u4f7f\u7528NumPy\u5e93<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            NumPy\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            import numpy as np<\/p>\n
            array = np.array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])<\/p>\n
            sub_array = array[2:5]<\/p>\n
            print(sub_array)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [2 3 4]<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            NumPy\u7684\u5207\u7247\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0ePython\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5207\u7247\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u6027\u80fd\u66f4\u4f73\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0cPython\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u622a\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5207\u7247\u5230\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u7b5b\u9009\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5e93\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
             \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u5207\u7247\u529f\u80fd\u622a\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff1f<\/strong>
            \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5207\u7247\u529f\u80fd\u8f7b\u677e\u622a\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u5207\u7247\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e3alist[start:end]<\/code>\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dstart<\/code>\u4e3a\u8d77\u59cb\u7d22\u5f15\uff0cend<\/code>\u4e3a\u7ed3\u675f\u7d22\u5f15\uff08\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u8be5\u7d22\u5f15\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff09\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868my_list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/code>\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528my_list[1:4]<\/code>\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de[2, 3, 4]<\/code>\u3002\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565start<\/code>\u6216end<\/code>\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982my_list[:3]<\/code>\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u524d3\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n
            \u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u8d1f\u7d22\u5f15\u622a\u53d6\u5217\u8868\u7684\u540e\u51e0\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff1f<\/strong>
            \u8d1f\u7d22\u5f15\u5728Python\u4e2d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u7684\u672b\u5c3e\u5f00\u59cb\u8bbf\u95ee\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8d1f\u7d22\u5f15\u65f6\uff0c-1<\/code>\u4ee3\u8868\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c-2<\/code>\u4ee3\u8868\u5012\u6570\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cmy_list[-3:]<\/code>\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u6700\u540e\u4e09\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20[3, 4, 5]<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u5728\u4f60\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5217\u8868\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u83b7\u53d6\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n
            \u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u622a\u53d6\u7279\u5b9a\u95f4\u9694\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff1f<\/strong>
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