{"id":979342,"date":"2024-12-27T06:45:37","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T22:45:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/979342.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T06:45:39","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T22:45:39","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%a1%a8%e4%b8%8a%e7%ba%a7%e7%9b%ae%e5%bd%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/979342.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u8868\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u8868\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u3001pathlib\u6a21\u5757\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f4\u63a5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b49\u3002os\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4f20\u7edf\u4e14\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800cpathlib\u6a21\u5757\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u73b0\u4ee3\u548c\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002os.path.dirname()\u3001os.path.abspath()\u3001os.path.join()\u7b49\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u7ec4\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\uff0cpathlib.Path\u7684parent\u5c5e\u6027\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/strong>\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528OS\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

os\u6a21\u5757\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u8981\u8868\u793a\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408os.path\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. os.path.abspath()\u548cos.path.dirname()<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    os.path.abspath()\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u800cos.path.dirname()\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u5408\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    import os<\/p>\n
    current_path = os.path.abspath(__file__)<\/p>\n
    parent_directory = os.path.dirname(current_path)<\/p>\n
    print(parent_directory)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u901a\u8fc7os.path.abspath(__file__)<\/code>\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7os.path.dirname()<\/code>\u83b7\u53d6\u5176\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. os.path.join()\u548cos.pardir<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      os.path.join()\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u667a\u80fd\u5730\u8fde\u63a5\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u800cos.pardir\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u91cf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u7236\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      import os<\/p>\n
      parent_directory = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), os.pardir))<\/p>\n
      print(parent_directory)<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u901a\u8fc7os.getcwd()<\/code>\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7os.path.join()<\/code>\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26os.pardir\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528PATHLIB\u6a21\u5757<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      Python 3.4\u5f15\u5165\u4e86pathlib\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002pathlib\u6a21\u5757\u4f7f\u5f97\u8def\u5f84\u64cd\u4f5c\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u548c\u7b80\u6d01\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. Path.parent\u5c5e\u6027<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        pathlib.Path\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684parent\u5c5e\u6027\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        from pathlib import Path<\/p>\n
        current_path = Path(__file__)<\/p>\n
        parent_directory = current_path.parent<\/p>\n
        print(parent_directory)<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cPath(__file__)<\/code>\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aPath\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7.parent<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \u591a\u7ea7\u7236\u76ee\u5f55<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u4e0a\u5c42\u7684\u7236\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u6b21\u8bbf\u95eeparent\u5c5e\u6027\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          from pathlib import Path<\/p>\n
          current_path = Path(__file__)<\/p>\n
          grandparent_directory = current_path.parent.parent<\/p>\n
          print(grandparent_directory)<\/p>\n
          <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
          \u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u6b21\u8bbf\u95eeparent\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u83b7\u53d6\u66f4\u4e0a\u5c42\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u4e09\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u5982os\u548cpathlib\u6a21\u5757\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u4f46\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \u4f7f\u7528rsplit()<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            rsplit()\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u8def\u5f84\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u62c6\u5206\u8def\u5f84\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u5e76\u53bb\u9664\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            import os<\/p>\n
            current_path = os.path.abspath(__file__)<\/p>\n
            parent_directory = os.path.sep.join(current_path.rsplit(os.path.sep, 1)[:-1])<\/p>\n
            print(parent_directory)<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
            \u901a\u8fc7rsplit()<\/code>\u6309\u8def\u5f84\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u5207\u5272\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7join()<\/code>\u91cd\u7ec4\uff0c\u53bb\u6389\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u5373\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u56db\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u5728\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u98ce\u683c\u504f\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            1. \u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              os.path\u6a21\u5757\u548cpathlib\u6a21\u5757\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u65f6\u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u7b80\u6d01\u6027<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                pathlib\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u5177\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u7b80\u6d01\u6027\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9002\u5408\u73b0\u4ee3Python\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0cos.path\u6a21\u5757\u66f4\u4e3a\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u4f46\u529f\u80fd\u540c\u6837\u5f3a\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  \n
                1. \u5904\u7406\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                  \u5728\u5904\u7406\u8def\u5f84\u65f6\uff0c\u52a1\u5fc5\u6e05\u695a\u5f53\u524d\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u8fd8\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u3002os.path.abspath()\u548cPath.resolve()\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                    \n
                  1. \u5904\u7406\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                    \u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528pathlib\u6a21\u5757\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7resolve()\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u5b9e\u9645\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                    from pathlib import Path<\/p>\n
                    current_path = Path(__file__).resolve()<\/p>\n
                    parent_directory = current_path.parent<\/p>\n
                    print(parent_directory)<\/p>\n
                    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
                    \u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0cPython\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8868\u793a\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8def\u5f84\u65f6\uff0c\u52a1\u5fc5\u6ce8\u610f\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u7b80\u6d01\u6027\u548c\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u9c81\u68d2\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                     \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8def\u5f84\uff1f<\/strong>
                    \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684os.path.dirname()<\/code>\u548cos.path.abspath()<\/code>\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5148\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u518d\u4f7f\u7528os.path.dirname()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4e24\u6b21\u6765\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
                    import os\n\ncurrent_dir = os.path.abspath(__file__)  # \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\nparent_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(current_dir))  # \u83b7\u53d6\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\nprint(parent_dir)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                    \u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n
                    \u5728Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u66f4\u6539\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u5230\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\uff1f<\/strong>
                    \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684os.chdir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u6539\u53d8\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u7ed3\u5408os.path.dirname()<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5c06\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n
                    import os\n\nos.chdir(os.path.dirname(os.getcwd()))  # \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\nprint("\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u5df2\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a:", os.getcwd())\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                    \u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n
                    \u4f7f\u7528Pathlib\u6a21\u5757\u5982\u4f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\uff1f<\/strong>
                    pathlib<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8def\u5f84\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Path<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684.parent<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
                    from pathlib import Path\n\ncurrent_path = Path(__file__).resolve()  # \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\nparent_path = current_path.parent.parent  # \u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\nprint(parent_path)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
                    \u4f7f\u7528pathlib<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u6613\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528os\u6a21\u5757\u3001pathlib\u6a21\u5757\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f4\u63a5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u64cd […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":979346,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/979342"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=979342"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/979342\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":979350,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/979342\/revisions\/979350"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/979346"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=979342"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=979342"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=979342"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}