{"id":975722,"date":"2024-12-27T06:15:38","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T22:15:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/975722.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T06:15:40","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T22:15:40","slug":"python-%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0socket-%e5%b9%bf%e6%92%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/975722.html","title":{"rendered":"python \u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0socket \u5e7f\u64ad"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0Socket\u5e7f\u64ad\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u5e7f\u64ad\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u9009\u9879\u3001\u53d1\u9001\u5e7f\u64ad\u6d88\u606f\u3001\u63a5\u6536\u5e7f\u64ad\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u9009\u9879\u4ee5\u542f\u7528\u5e7f\u64ad\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u5e7f\u64ad\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528socket<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002\u5e7f\u64ad\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u4e0e\u666e\u901aUDP\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u6307\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u65cf\u548c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import socket<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efaUDP\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u80fd\u591f\u53d1\u9001\u5e7f\u64ad\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u542f\u7528\u5e7f\u64ad\u9009\u9879\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528setsockopt<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6eSO_BROADCAST<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u542f\u7528\u5e7f\u64ad\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n
sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_BROADCAST, 1)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u53d1\u9001\u5e7f\u64ad\u6d88\u606f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5e7f\u64ad\u6d88\u606f\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5305\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e3b\u673a\u90e8\u5206\u5168\u90e8\u4e3a1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e2d\u7684\u7f51\u7edc192.168.1.0\uff0c\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u4e3a192.168.1.255\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5b9a\u4e49\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3<\/p>\n
broadcast_address = ('<broadcast>', 12345)<\/p>\n
\u5e7f\u64ad\u6d88\u606f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
message = b'Hello, this is a broadcast message!'<\/p>\n
sock.sendto(message, broadcast_address)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u63a5\u6536\u5e7f\u64ad\u6d88\u606f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u63a5\u6536\u5e7f\u64ad\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u76d1\u542c\u6765\u81ea\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5e76\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u76d1\u542c\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u521b\u5efa\u63a5\u6536\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/p>\n
recv_sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)<\/p>\n
\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u5e7f\u64ad\u7aef\u53e3<\/strong><\/h2>\n
recv_sock.bind(('', 12345))<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u6536\u5e7f\u64ad\u6d88\u606f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
while True:<\/p>\n
    data, addr = recv_sock.recvfrom(1024)<\/p>\n
    print(f"Received message: {data} from {addr}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5e7f\u64ad\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5e7f\u64ad\u4f1a\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u4e2d\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f51\u7edc\u62e5\u585e\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u4ed6\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u8c28\u614e\u4f7f\u7528\u5e7f\u64ad\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5e7f\u64ad\u6d88\u606f\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u660e\u6587\u53d1\u9001\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8bbe\u5907\u6355\u83b7\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u6280\u672f\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Socket\u5e7f\u64ad\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e2d\u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u73b0\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u5206\u53d1\u914d\u7f6e\u6216\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e7f\u64ad\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u4fbf\u800c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5e7f\u64ad\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u804a\u5929\u5e94\u7528\u3001\u516c\u544a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5e7f\u64ad\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001Python\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u5e7f\u64ad\uff0cPython\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    TCP\u901a\u4fe1<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u53ef\u9760\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002TCP\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u548c\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    UDP\u5355\u64ad<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5feb\u901f\u4f20\u8f93\u4e14\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u4e0d\u9ad8\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002UDP\u6ca1\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f20\u8f93\u6548\u7387\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u80fd\u4e22\u5931\u6216\u4e71\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u7ec4\u64ad<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u6216\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u573a\u666f\u3002\u7ec4\u64ad\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7ec4\u64ad\u7ec4\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u6307\u5b9a\u6210\u5458\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  4. \n
    WebSocket<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u65f6\u53cc\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002WebSocket\u57fa\u4e8eTCP\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e8eWeb\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u804a\u5929\u3001\u5728\u7ebf\u6e38\u620f\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u516b\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0Socket\u5e7f\u64ad\u3002\u5e7f\u64ad\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u800c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u79cd\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u9009\u62e9\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     \u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 socket \u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u5e7f\u64ad\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 socket \u5e93\u7684 UDP \u534f\u8bae\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e7f\u64ad\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a socket \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e socket \u7684\u9009\u9879\u4ee5\u5141\u8bb8\u5e7f\u64ad\uff0c\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 sendto<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u5411\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u901a\u5e38\u662f 255.255.255.255<\/code> \u6216\u8005\u4f60\u7684\u5c40\u57df\u7f51\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5b9e\u73b0\u5e7f\u64ad\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u54ea\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u4f7f\u7528 socket \u5e7f\u64ad\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9762\u4e34\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u6076\u610f\u7528\u6237\u62e6\u622a\u6216\u8005\u7be1\u6539\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u5b9e\u73b0\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u6388\u6743\u7528\u6237\u624d\u80fd\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u5e7f\u64ad\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u4f55\u5728 Python \u4e2d\u63a5\u6536\u5e7f\u64ad\u6d88\u606f\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u63a5\u6536\u5e7f\u64ad\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u53d1\u9001\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a socket \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a UDP \u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528 recvfrom<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u6536\u6765\u81ea\u5e7f\u64ad\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u63a5\u6536\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u9057\u6f0f\u5904\u7406\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0Socket\u5e7f\u64ad\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u5e7f\u64ad\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u9009\u9879\u3001\u53d1\u9001\u5e7f\u64ad\u6d88\u606f\u3001\u63a5\u6536\u5e7f\u64ad\u6d88\u606f […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":975725,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/975722"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=975722"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/975722\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":975726,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/975722\/revisions\/975726"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/975725"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=975722"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=975722"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=975722"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}