{"id":975464,"date":"2024-12-27T06:13:31","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T22:13:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/975464.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T06:13:34","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T22:13:34","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%88%ac%e5%9b%be%e7%89%87%e6%ad%a3%e5%88%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/975464.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u722c\u56fe\u7247\u6b63\u5219"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u722c\u56fe\u7247\u6b63\u5219\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u722c\u53d6\u56fe\u7247\u7684URL\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u4ece\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u56fe\u7247\u94fe\u63a5\u3002\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528requests\u5e93\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3001\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u56fe\u7247\u94fe\u63a5\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u56fe\u7247\u94fe\u63a5<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u7279\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56fe\u7247\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5bfb\u627e\u4ee5.jpg<\/code>\u3001.png<\/code>\u3001.gif<\/code>\u7b49\u56fe\u50cf\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684URL\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684re<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u5339\u914d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u94fe\u63a5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528re.findall()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u626b\u63cf\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684URL\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7cbe\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6389\u975e\u56fe\u7247\u94fe\u63a5\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5339\u914d\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u722c\u53d6\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6280\u672f\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u56fe\u7247\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u5e93\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e00\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u5bfc\u5165requests\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86requests<\/code>\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install requests<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bfc\u5165requests<\/code>\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875HTML<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
url = 'http:\/\/example.com'<\/p>\n
response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
html_content = response.text<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0crequests.get()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001HTTP GET\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0cresponse.text<\/code>\u5219\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7f51\u9875\u7684HTML\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u56fe\u7247\u94fe\u63a5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u56fe\u7247\u7684URL\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u5bfc\u5165re\u6a21\u5757<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
Python\u7684re<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import re<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u7f16\u5199\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6765\u5339\u914d\u56fe\u7247\u94fe\u63a5\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
image_regex = r'<img [^>]*src="([^"]+\\.jpg|[^"]+\\.png|[^"]+\\.gif)"'<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d<img><\/code>\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d\u7684src<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u4ee5.jpg<\/code>\u3001.png<\/code>\u6216.gif<\/code>\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684URL\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u4f7f\u7528re.findall()\u63d0\u53d6\u94fe\u63a5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528re.findall()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u626b\u63cfHTML\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
image_urls = re.findall(image_regex, html_content)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
image_urls<\/code>\u5c06\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u56fe\u7247URL\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u63d0\u53d6\u5230\u56fe\u7247\u94fe\u63a5\u540e\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u5e76\u4e0b\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u9a8c\u8bc1\u56fe\u7247\u94fe\u63a5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u518d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u5e93\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
valid_image_urls = []<\/p>\n
for url in image_urls:<\/p>\n
    try:<\/p>\n
        response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
        if response.status_code == 200:<\/p>\n
            valid_image_urls.append(url)<\/p>\n
    except requests.exceptions.RequestException:<\/p>\n
        continue<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386\u56fe\u7247\u94fe\u63a5\u5e76\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5176\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u4e3a200\u8868\u793a\u94fe\u63a5\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u4e0b\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u5e93\u4e0b\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u672c\u5730\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import os<\/p>\n
def download_image(url, folder='images'):<\/p>\n
    if not os.path.exists(folder):<\/p>\n
        os.makedirs(folder)<\/p>\n
    response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
    image_name = os.path.join(folder, url.split('\/')[-1])<\/p>\n
    with open(image_name, 'wb') as f:<\/p>\n
        f.write(response.content)<\/p>\n
for image_url in valid_image_urls:<\/p>\n
    download_image(image_url)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7f51\u9875\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5bb9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f7f\u7528JavaScript\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u83b7\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5bb9<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5Selenium\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install selenium<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u83b7\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n
driver = webdriver.Chrome()  # \u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5ChromeDriver<\/p>\n
driver.get('http:\/\/example.com')<\/p>\n
html_content = driver.page_source<\/p>\n
driver.quit()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u540e\u7684\u7f51\u9875HTML\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u7ed3\u5408\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u63d0\u53d6\u56fe\u7247<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5bb9\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u4e4b\u524d\u4e00\u6837\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u63d0\u53d6\u56fe\u7247\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Python\u548c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u722c\u53d6\u56fe\u7247\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n