{"id":971302,"date":"2024-12-27T05:33:43","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T21:33:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/971302.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T05:33:45","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T21:33:45","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%94%a8python%e7%88%ac%e6%ad%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/971302.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u722c\u6b4c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u722c\u6b4c\"<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528Python\u722c\u53d6\u6b4c\u66f2\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u722c\u866b\u5e93\u5982BeautifulSoup\u548cRequests\u3001\u5229\u7528API\u63a5\u53e3\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5404\u6709\u4f18\u52a3\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/strong>\u5728\u8fd9\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5229\u7528API\u63a5\u53e3\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u662f\u6700\u4e3a\u76f4\u63a5\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aAPI\u901a\u5e38\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u800c\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u548cRequests\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u722c\u53d6\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406HTML\u7ed3\u6784\u5e76\u53ef\u80fd\u9762\u4e34\u53cd\u722c\u866b\u63aa\u65bd\u3002Selenium\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u4f46\u6548\u7387\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u548cRequests<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u548cRequests\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u9875\u722c\u53d6\u662fPython\u722c\u866b\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u7ec4\u5408\u3002Requests\u7528\u4e8e\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u800cBeautifulSoup\u5219\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790HTML\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7pip\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    pip install requests<\/p>\n
    pip install beautifulsoup4<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Requests\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    import requests<\/p>\n
    from bs4 import BeautifulSoup<\/p>\n
    url = "https:\/\/example.com\/music"<\/p>\n
    response = requests.get(url)<\/p>\n
    html_content = response.text<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u89e3\u6790HTML\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, 'html.parser')<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u89e3\u6790\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    BeautifulSoup\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u67e5\u627e\u548c\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982find<\/code>\u3001find_all<\/code>\u3001select<\/code>\u7b49\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636eHTML\u6807\u7b7e\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\u6765\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    # \u5047\u8bbe\u6b4c\u66f2\u4fe1\u606f\u5728<div>\u6807\u7b7e\u7684class\u4e3a"song"\u4e2d<\/p>\n
    songs = soup.find_all('div', class_='song')<\/p>\n
    for song in songs:<\/p>\n
        title = song.find('h2').text<\/p>\n
        artist = song.find('span', class_='artist').text<\/p>\n
        print(f"Title: {title}, Artist: {artist}")<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u5904\u7406\u53cd\u722c\u866b\u63aa\u65bd<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u7f51\u7ad9\u4f1a\u6709\u53cd\u722c\u866b\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u9891\u7e41\u8bf7\u6c42\u9650\u5236\u3001\u9700\u8981\u767b\u5f55\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7b49\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u4f2a\u88c5\u6210\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee3\u7406IP\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u95f4\u9694\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u7ed5\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    headers = {<\/p>\n
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla\/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit\/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome\/58.0.3029.110 Safari\/537.36'<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
    response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001\u5229\u7528API\u63a5\u53e3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5229\u7528API\u63a5\u53e3\u83b7\u53d6\u6b4c\u66f2\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u97f3\u4e50\u5e73\u53f0\u63d0\u4f9bAPI\u4f9b\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5982Spotify\u3001Last.fm\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u6ce8\u518cAPI\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u5bc6\u94a5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5728\u97f3\u4e50\u5e73\u53f0\u6ce8\u518c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8d26\u53f7\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6API\u5bc6\u94a5\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u521b\u5efa\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e76\u9075\u5faa\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6307\u5357\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u4f7f\u7528API\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u4ee5Spotify API\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5spotipy<\/code>\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      pip install spotipy<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
      \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528API\u5bc6\u94a5\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u6b4c\u66f2\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      import spotipy<\/p>\n
      from spotipy.oauth2 import SpotifyClientCredentials<\/p>\n
      client_credentials_manager = SpotifyClientCredentials(client_id='YOUR_CLIENT_ID', client_secret='YOUR_CLIENT_SECRET')<\/p>\n
      sp = spotipy.Spotify(client_credentials_manager=client_credentials_manager)<\/p>\n
      results = sp.search(q='track:Imagine artist:John Lennon', type='track')<\/p>\n
      for track in results['tracks']['items']:<\/p>\n
          print(track['name'], track['artists'][0]['name'])<\/p>\n
      <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    3. \n
      \u5904\u7406API\u8bf7\u6c42\u9650\u5236<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u5927\u591a\u6570API\u90fd\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u9650\u5236\uff08rate limit\uff09\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u9650\u5236\u8c03\u6574\u8bf7\u6c42\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      Selenium\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u6a21\u62df\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u8f7dJavaScript\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \n
        \u5b89\u88c5Selenium\u548cWebDriver<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u9996\u5148\u5b89\u88c5Selenium\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e0e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5339\u914d\u7684WebDriver\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Chrome\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        pip install selenium<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
        \u4e0b\u8f7dChromeDriver\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7cfb\u7edfPATH\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      2. \n
        \u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u8fdb\u884c\u722c\u53d6<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u901a\u8fc7Selenium\u6253\u5f00\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5e76\u8bbf\u95ee\u76ee\u6807\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n
        driver = webdriver.Chrome()<\/p>\n
        driver.get('https:\/\/example.com\/music')<\/p>\n
        \u7b49\u5f85\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b8c\u6210<\/strong><\/h2>\n
        driver.implicitly_wAI<\/a>t(10)<\/p>\n
        \u67e5\u627e\u5143\u7d20\u5e76\u63d0\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
        songs = driver.find_elements_by_class_name('song')<\/p>\n
        for song in songs:<\/p>\n
            title = song.find_element_by_tag_name('h2').text<\/p>\n
            artist = song.find_element_by_class_name('artist').text<\/p>\n
            print(f"Title: {title}, Artist: {artist}")<\/p>\n
        driver.quit()<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      3. \n
        \u5e94\u5bf9\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5bb9<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        Selenium\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884cJavaScript\u6765\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u70b9\u51fb\u3001\u6eda\u52a8\u7b49\u4ea4\u4e92\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u56db\u3001\u7ed3\u5408\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5148\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528API\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5728API\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u9700\u6c42\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528BeautifulSoup\u548cRequests\u8fdb\u884c\u8865\u5145\uff0c\u6216\u5728\u9047\u5230\u590d\u6742\u52a8\u6001\u7f51\u9875\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. \n
          \u4f7f\u7528API\u83b7\u53d6\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u9996\u5148\u901a\u8fc7API\u63a5\u53e3\u83b7\u53d6\u57fa\u672c\u6b4c\u66f2\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u6b4c\u66f2\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u827a\u672f\u5bb6\u7b49\u3002API\u901a\u5e38\u901f\u5ea6\u5feb\u4e14\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
        2. \n
          \u4f7f\u7528Requests\u548cBeautifulSoup\u8865\u5145\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5bf9\u4e8eAPI\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Requests\u548cBeautifulSoup\u4ece\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6b4c\u8bcd\u3001\u8bc4\u8bba\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
        3. \n
          \u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u7f51\u9875<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u7528\u6237\u4ea4\u4e92\u6216\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Selenium\u6a21\u62df\u64cd\u4f5c\u83b7\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u4e94\u3001\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \u722c\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \n
            \u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528SQLite\u3001MySQL\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u722c\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u6b4c\u66f2\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            import sqlite3<\/p>\n
            conn = sqlite3.connect('music.db')<\/p>\n
            c = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n
            c.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS songs (title TEXT, artist TEXT)''')<\/p>\n
            \u63d2\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            c.execute("INSERT INTO songs (title, artist) VALUES (?, ?)", (title, artist))<\/p>\n
            conn.commit()<\/p>\n
            conn.close()<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
          2. \n
            \u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u4f7f\u7528Pandas\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5e93\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u62a5\u8868\u6216\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u56fe\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
            df = pd.read_sql_query("SELECT * FROM songs", conn)<\/p>\n
            print(df.describe())<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4f7f\u7528Python\u722c\u53d6\u6b4c\u66f2\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ece\u7f51\u9875\u6216API\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6240\u9700\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u722c\u866b\u6d3b\u52a8\u9700\u8981\u9075\u5faa\u76f8\u5173\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6cd5\u89c4\u548c\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u6b3e\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4fb5\u6743\u6216\u88ab\u7981\u6b62\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
             \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u722c\u53d6\u97f3\u4e50\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong>
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