{"id":962676,"date":"2024-12-27T04:10:26","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T20:10:26","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-12-27T04:10:28","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T20:10:28","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%94%9f%e6%88%90%e5%a4%9a%e4%b8%aa%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/962676.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\"<\/p>\n

Python\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u7c7b\u3001exec\u51fd\u6570\u6216globals()\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u548c\u5b57\u5178\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u548c\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u4e00\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5b57\u5178\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u952e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u751f\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u751f\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5b57\u5178\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u5220\u9664\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5b57\u5178<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7{}<\/code>\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b57\u5178\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u6dfb\u52a0\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178<\/p>\n
variables = {}<\/p>\n
\u52a8\u6001\u6dfb\u52a0\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
variables['var1'] = 10<\/p>\n
variables['var2'] = 20<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u952e\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bbf\u95ee\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n
print(variables['var1'])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a10<\/p>\n
\u4fee\u6539\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
variables['var1'] = 30<\/p>\n
print(variables['var1'])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a30<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u751f\u6210\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u751f\u6210\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u751f\u6210\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n
for i in range(5):<\/p>\n
    key = f'var{i}'<\/p>\n
    value = i * 10<\/p>\n
    variables[key] = value<\/p>\n
print(variables)<\/p>\n
\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a{'var0': 0, 'var1': 10, 'var2': 20, 'var3': 30, 'var4': 40}<\/strong><\/h2>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u751f\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136\u5217\u8868\u4e0d\u50cf\u5b57\u5178\u90a3\u6837\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u8868\u793a\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5b58\u50a8\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5217\u8868<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u5217\u8868\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u6dfb\u52a0\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n
variables = [10, 20, 30]<\/p>\n
\u52a8\u6001\u6dfb\u52a0\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
variables.append(40)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u7d22\u5f15\u8bbf\u95ee\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bbf\u95ee\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n
print(variables[0])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a10<\/p>\n
\u4fee\u6539\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
variables[0] = 50<\/p>\n
print(variables[0])  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a50<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u751f\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u5c01\u88c5\u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u4ee3\u8868\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u5b9a\u4e49\u548c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7c7b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u7c7b\u7684__init__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
class MyVariables:<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self):<\/p>\n
        self.var1 = 10<\/p>\n
        self.var2 = 20<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h2>\n
variables = MyVariables()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8bbf\u95ee\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bbf\u95ee\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n
print(variables.var1)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a10<\/p>\n
\u4fee\u6539\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
variables.var1 = 30<\/p>\n
print(variables.var1)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a30<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528exec\u51fd\u6570\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
exec<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u7684Python\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528exec<\/code>\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ee3\u7801\u96be\u4ee5\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u4f7f\u7528exec\u751f\u6210\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7exec<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u5c0f\u5fc3\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5f15\u5165\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4f7f\u7528exec\u751f\u6210\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n
for i in range(3):<\/p>\n
    exec(f'var{i} = {i * 10}')<\/p>\n
\u8bbf\u95ee\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(var0, var1, var2)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a0 10 20<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528globals()\u51fd\u6570\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
globals()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u6765\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u4f7f\u7528globals()\u751f\u6210\u53d8\u91cf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7globals()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u6837\u9700\u8981\u5c0f\u5fc3\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4f7f\u7528globals()\u751f\u6210\u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n
for i in range(3):<\/p>\n
    globals()[f'var{i}'] = i * 10<\/p>\n
\u8bbf\u95ee\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(var0, var1, var2)  # \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a0 10 20<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u548c\u5217\u8868<\/strong>\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u548c\u63a8\u8350\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5b57\u5178\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u800c\u5217\u8868\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u5c01\u88c5\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528exec<\/code>\u6216globals()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u540c\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5143\u7ec4\u6216\u5217\u8868\u6765\u540c\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u8d4b\u7ed9\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n
a, b, c = 1, 2, 3\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u53d8\u91cfa\u5c06\u88ab\u8d4b\u503c\u4e3a1\uff0cb\u4e3a2\uff0cc\u4e3a3\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n
values = [4, 5, 6]\nx, y, z = values\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u6837\uff0cx\u3001y\u548cz\u5c06\u5206\u522b\u83b7\u5f974\u30015\u548c6\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\uff1f<\/strong>
\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5b57\u5178\u5141\u8bb8\u4ee5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u952e\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
variables = {}\nvariables['var1'] = 10\nvariables['var2'] = 20\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\uff08\u5982'var1'\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n
print(variables['var1'])  # \u8f93\u51fa 10\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Python\u4e2d\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6279\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\uff1f<\/strong>
\u9664\u4e86\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c\u5916\uff0cPython\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u4f7f\u7528\u5faa\u73af\u6765\u6279\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528for\u5faa\u73af\u6765\u904d\u5386\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n
values = [1, 2, 3, 4]\nfor i in range(len(values)):\n    exec(f'var{i} = values[i]')\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u592a\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528exec()\u53ef\u80fd\u5e26\u6765\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u6216\u5b57\u5178\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u7c7b\u3001exec\u51fd\u6570\u6216globals()\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u5217 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":962680,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/962676"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=962676"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/962676\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":962682,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/962676\/revisions\/962682"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/962680"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=962676"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=962676"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=962676"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}