{"id":959835,"date":"2024-12-27T03:44:19","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T19:44:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/959835.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T03:44:21","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T19:44:21","slug":"python%e4%b8%ad%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%8a%a0%e8%bd%bd%e5%9b%be%e7%89%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/959835.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528PIL\uff08Python Imaging Library\uff09\u3001OpenCV\u3001Matplotlib\u7b49\u5e93\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u4f7f\u7528PIL\u7684Image\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4f7f\u7528OpenCV\u7684cv2\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Matplotlib\u7684pyplot\u6a21\u5757<\/strong>\u662f\u4e09\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528PIL\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684Image\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

PIL\u5e93\u662f\u5904\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u5de5\u5177\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u8981\u4f7f\u7528PIL\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5Pillow\u5e93\uff08PIL\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\u5e76\u4e14\u66f4\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u7248\u672c\uff09\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Image\u6a21\u5757\u7684open<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u5e76\u5229\u7528show<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u67e5\u770b\u3002Pillow\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u56fe\u50cf\u64cd\u4f5c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u88c1\u526a\u3001\u65cb\u8f6c\u3001\u6ee4\u955c\u5e94\u7528\u7b49\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u8fdb\u884c\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5165\u95e8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001PIL\u5e93\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

Pillow\u5e93\u662fPIL\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u652f\u6301\u548c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Pillow\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u5b89\u88c5Pillow\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Pillow\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u8be5\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install Pillow<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u4f7f\u7528Image\u6a21\u5757\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u65e6\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86Pillow\u5e93\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from PIL import Image<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00\u56fe\u7247<\/strong><\/h2>\n
img = Image.open('path_to_image.jpg')<\/p>\n
\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u7247<\/strong><\/h2>\n
img.show()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u4ecePIL\u5e93\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165Image\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528open<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6253\u5f00\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u3002img<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aPIL\u56fe\u50cf\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u7684show<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u7247\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u56fe\u50cf\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
PIL\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5bf9\u8c61\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528size<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u83b7\u53d6\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u5bbd\u5ea6\u548c\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528format<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u83b7\u53d6\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528mode<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u83b7\u53d6\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u83b7\u53d6\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n
print(f"Image format: {img.format}")<\/p>\n
print(f"Image size: {img.size}")<\/p>\n
print(f"Image mode: {img.mode}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001OpenCV\u5e93\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
OpenCV\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u5e93\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u548c\u89c6\u9891\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5b83\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u7684C++\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86Python\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u5b89\u88c5OpenCV\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u8981\u4f7f\u7528OpenCV\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5OpenCV\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install opencv-python<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u4f7f\u7528cv2\u6a21\u5757\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
OpenCV\u4f7f\u7528cv2<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u7247\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import cv2<\/p>\n
\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247<\/strong><\/h2>\n
img = cv2.imread('path_to_image.jpg')<\/p>\n
\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u7247<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cv2.imshow('Image', img)<\/p>\n
cv2.wAI<\/a>tKey(0)<\/p>\n
cv2.destroyAllWindows()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528cv2.imread<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\u3002\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aNumPy\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528cv2.imshow<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cOpenCV\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fBGR\u8272\u5f69\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684RGB\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u529f\u80fd<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
OpenCV\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\u50cf\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u6ee4\u6ce2\u3001\u8fb9\u7f18\u68c0\u6d4b\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5c06\u56fe\u50cf\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7070\u5ea6\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u7070\u5ea6\u56fe\u50cf<\/p>\n
gray_img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)<\/p>\n
\u663e\u793a\u7070\u5ea6\u56fe\u50cf<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cv2.imshow('Gray Image', gray_img)<\/p>\n
cv2.waitKey(0)<\/p>\n
cv2.destroyAllWindows()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001Matplotlib\u5e93\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Matplotlib\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5e93\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u5b89\u88c5Matplotlib\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5Matplotlib\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install matplotlib<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u4f7f\u7528pyplot\u6a21\u5757\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Matplotlib\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt<\/p>\n
import matplotlib.image as mpimg<\/p>\n
\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247<\/strong><\/h2>\n
img = mpimg.imread('path_to_image.jpg')<\/p>\n
\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u7247<\/strong><\/h2>\n
plt.imshow(img)<\/p>\n
plt.axis('off')  # \u4e0d\u663e\u793a\u5750\u6807\u8f74<\/p>\n
plt.show()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528mpimg.imread<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528plt.imshow<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u7247\u3002Matplotlib\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u56fe\u50cf\u7684\u663e\u793a\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
Matplotlib\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u56fe\u50cf\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u4fdd\u5b58\u56fe\u50cf<\/p>\n
plt.imsave('output_image.png', img)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u6c42\u3002Pillow\u9002\u5408\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\uff0cOpenCV\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u6548\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0cMatplotlib\u5219\u5728\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u548c\u7b80\u5355\u56fe\u50cf\u663e\u793a\u65b9\u9762\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272<\/strong>\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u66f4\u52a0\u7075\u6d3b\u81ea\u5982\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u5f3a\u5927\u800c\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0d\u540c\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u56fe\u7247\uff1f<\/strong>
Python\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u56fe\u7247\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\uff0c\u5305\u62ecJPEG\u3001PNG\u3001GIF\u7b49\u3002\u4f7f\u7528PIL\u5e93\uff08Python Imaging Library\uff09\u6216\u5176\u5206\u652fPillow\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u56fe\u7247\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a  <\/p>\n
from PIL import Image\n\nimage = Image.open('your_image.jpg')\nimage.show()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u8def\u5f84\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u56fe\u7247\u683c\u5f0f\u53d7\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5904\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6216\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u786e\u5207\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u800c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u5219\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4f7f\u7528os<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684os.getcwd()<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u786e\u8ba4\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a  <\/p>\n
import os\n\ncurrent_directory = os.getcwd()\nprint(f"\u5f53\u524d\u5de5\u4f5c\u76ee\u5f55\u662f: {current_directory}")\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u786e\u4fdd\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e0e\u56fe\u7247\u6587\u4ef6\u76f8\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6587\u4ef6\u672a\u627e\u5230\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u663e\u793a\u56fe\u7247\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\uff1f<\/strong>
\u4f7f\u7528Pillow\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5982\u8c03\u6574\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u88c1\u526a\u3001\u65cb\u8f6c\u7b49\u3002\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fe\u7247\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u8c03\u6574\u56fe\u7247\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528resize<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a  <\/p>\n
image = Image.open('your_image.jpg')\nresized_image = image.resize((200, 200))\nresized_image.show()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
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