{"id":948196,"date":"2024-12-27T00:01:30","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T16:01:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/948196.html"},"modified":"2024-12-27T00:01:32","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T16:01:32","slug":"python-%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%b8%85%e7%a9%bacookie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/948196.html","title":{"rendered":"python \u5982\u4f55\u6e05\u7a7acookie"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6e05\u7a7acookie\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u5e93\u7684Session<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u5982Selenium\u6e05\u9664cookie\u3001\u4f7f\u7528http.cookiejar<\/code>\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u6e05\u9664cookie\u3002<\/strong>\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u5e93\u7684Session<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u6e05\u7a7acookie\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

requests<\/code>\u5e93\u662fPython\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684HTTP\u5e93\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684Session<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58cookie\u3002\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aSession<\/code>\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u9700\u8981\u6e05\u9664cookie\u65f6\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u91cd\u7f6e\u6216\u5220\u9664Session<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684cookie\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u6e05\u9664cookie\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5bfc\u5165requests<\/code>\u5e93\uff0c\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aSession<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5728\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0ccookie\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230Session<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbf\u95eesession.cookies<\/code>\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u6216\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9bcookie\u3002\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u6e05\u7a7acookie\u65f6\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8c03\u7528session.cookies.clear()<\/code>\u5373\u53ef\u6e05\u9664\u6240\u6709\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684cookie\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8Python\u4e2d\u6e05\u7a7acookie\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528REQUESTS\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u6e05\u7a7aCOOKIE<\/strong><\/h2>\n

requests<\/code>\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u7ba1\u7406HTTP\u4f1a\u8bdd\u548ccookie\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Session<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9cookie\u7684\u6e05\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1.1 \u4f7f\u7528SESSION\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

Session<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u5141\u8bb8\u60a8\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fdd\u7559cookie\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5728\u9700\u8981\u6e05\u7a7acookie\u65f6\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528session.cookies.clear()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import requests<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aSession\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n
session = requests.Session()<\/p>\n
\u8fdb\u884c\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u4fdd\u5b58cookie<\/strong><\/h2>\n
response = session.get('https:\/\/example.com')<\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524dcookie<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(session.cookies)<\/p>\n
\u6e05\u7a7a\u6240\u6709cookie<\/strong><\/h2>\n
session.cookies.clear()<\/p>\n
\u518d\u6b21\u67e5\u770bcookie\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u5df2\u6e05\u7a7a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(session.cookies)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aSession<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aGET\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7684cookie\u88ab\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230Session<\/code>\u4e2d\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8c03\u7528session.cookies.clear()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6e05\u7a7a\u6240\u6709cookie\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1.2 \u624b\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406COOKIE<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528Session<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406cookie\uff0c\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u624b\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406cookie\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7requests<\/code>\u5e93\u7684cookiejar<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u624b\u52a8\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u6e05\u9664cookie\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
from http.cookiejar import CookieJar<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aCookieJar\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cookie_jar = CookieJar()<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aSession\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u6307\u5b9acookie_jar<\/strong><\/h2>\n
session = requests.Session()<\/p>\n
session.cookies = cookie_jar<\/p>\n
\u8fdb\u884c\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong><\/h2>\n
response = session.get('https:\/\/example.com')<\/p>\n
\u624b\u52a8\u6e05\u7a7acookie<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cookie_jar.clear()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528http.cookiejar.CookieJar<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u7ba1\u7406cookie\uff0c\u5e76\u624b\u52a8\u6e05\u7a7acookie\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528SELENIUM\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6e05\u9664COOKIE<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Selenium\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3002\u901a\u8fc7Selenium\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6a21\u62df\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6e05\u9664\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u7684cookie\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.1 \u521d\u59cb\u5316SELENIUM WEBDRIVER<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u914d\u7f6eSelenium WebDriver\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7WebDriver\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e0e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from selenium import webdriver<\/p>\n
\u521d\u59cb\u5316WebDriver<\/strong><\/h2>\n
driver = webdriver.Chrome()<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00\u7f51\u9875<\/strong><\/h2>\n
driver.get('https:\/\/example.com')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2.2 \u6e05\u9664\u6240\u6709COOKIE<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u65e6WebDriver\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e86\u7f51\u9875\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7driver.delete_all_cookies()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6e05\u9664\u6240\u6709cookie\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u6e05\u9664\u6240\u6709cookie<\/p>\n
driver.delete_all_cookies()<\/p>\n
\u9a8c\u8bc1cookie\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u6e05\u7a7a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cookies = driver.get_cookies()<\/p>\n
print(cookies)  # \u5e94\u8f93\u51fa\u7a7a\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528delete_all_cookies()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6e05\u9664\u6240\u6709cookie\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\uff0cget_cookies()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5217\u8868\u5e94\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u8868\u793acookie\u5df2\u88ab\u6e05\u7a7a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528HTTP.COOKIEJAR\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u6e05\u7a7aCOOKIE<\/strong><\/h2>\n
http.cookiejar<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u662fPython\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406HTTP cookie\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406cookie\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.1 \u521b\u5efa\u548c\u4f7f\u7528COOKIEJAR<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
http.cookiejar.CookieJar<\/code>\u7c7b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7ba1\u7406cookie\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u4e0eurllib<\/code>\u5e93\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import urllib.request<\/p>\n
from http.cookiejar import CookieJar<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aCookieJar\u5bf9\u8c61<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cookie_jar = CookieJar()<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709CookieJar\u7684opener<\/strong><\/h2>\n
opener = urllib.request.build_opener(urllib.request.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookie_jar))<\/p>\n
\u8fdb\u884c\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong><\/h2>\n
response = opener.open('https:\/\/example.com')<\/p>\n
\u67e5\u770bcookie<\/strong><\/h2>\n
for cookie in cookie_jar:<\/p>\n
    print(cookie)<\/p>\n
\u6e05\u7a7a\u6240\u6709cookie<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cookie_jar.clear()<\/p>\n
\u518d\u6b21\u67e5\u770bcookie\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u5df2\u6e05\u7a7a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
for cookie in cookie_jar:<\/p>\n
    print(cookie)  # \u4e0d\u5e94\u8f93\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528http.cookiejar.CookieJar<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u7ba1\u7406cookie\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7clear()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6e05\u7a7a\u6240\u6709cookie\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.2 \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49COOKIE\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u60a8\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684cookie\u7ba1\u7406\u7c7b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u5904\u7406cookie\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from http.cookiejar import CookieJar, Cookie<\/p>\n
class CustomCookieJar(CookieJar):<\/p>\n
    def clear_cookies(self):<\/p>\n
        self.clear()<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49CookieJar<\/strong><\/h2>\n
custom_cookie_jar = CustomCookieJar()<\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u6dfb\u52a0cookie<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cookie = Cookie(version=0, name='example', value='value', port=None, port_specified=False,<\/p>\n
                domAI<\/a>n='example.com', domain_specified=False, domain_initial_dot=False,<\/p>\n
                path='\/', path_specified=True, secure=False, expires=None, discard=True,<\/p>\n
                comment=None, comment_url=None, rest={'HttpOnly': None}, rfc2109=False)<\/p>\n
custom_cookie_jar.set_cookie(cookie)<\/p>\n
\u6e05\u7a7a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49CookieJar\u4e2d\u7684cookie<\/strong><\/h2>\n
custom_cookie_jar.clear_cookies()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49CookieJar<\/code>\u7c7b\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u7279\u5b9a\u7684cookie\u7ba1\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001COOKIE\u6e05\u7406\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6e05\u7a7acookie\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4.1 \u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u9690\u79c1<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u6e05\u9664cookie\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u7528\u6237\u7684\u9690\u79c1\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672a\u6e05\u7406\u7684cookie\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4.2 \u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6e05\u7a7acookie\u4ee5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e0b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4.3 \u63a7\u5236\u4f1a\u8bdd\u72b6\u6001<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u6e05\u9664cookie\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u7f6e\u4f1a\u8bdd\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6a21\u62df\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u518c\u3001\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u6ce8\u9500\u529f\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u6e05\u7a7acookie\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528requests<\/code>\u5e93\u7684Session<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001Selenium\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4ee5\u53cahttp.cookiejar<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u60a8\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0crequests<\/code>\u5e93\u7684Session<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff1b\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u6a21\u62df\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0cSelenium\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684cookie\u7ba1\u7406\uff0chttp.cookiejar<\/code>\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u91c7\u7528\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u548c\u638c\u63e1cookie\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u6280\u5de7\u90fd\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6280\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6e05\u7a7a\u7279\u5b9a\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684cookie\uff1f<\/strong>
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