{"id":947650,"date":"2024-12-26T23:53:32","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T15:53:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/947650.html"},"modified":"2024-12-26T23:53:33","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T15:53:33","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%85%b3%e9%97%adassert","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/947650.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5173\u95edassert"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align:center;\" ><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn-kb.worktile.com\/kb\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/25083334\/7d1eafd1-3cd8-4fb0-97bb-f2dbcf3ba74f.webp\" alt=\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5173\u95edassert\" \/><\/p>\n<p><p> \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5173\u95ed<code>assert<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd0\u884cPython\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528<code>-O<\/code>\uff08\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u201cO\u201d\uff09\u9009\u9879\u3002<strong>\u4f7f\u7528<code>-O<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u8fd0\u884cPython\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u3001\u4f1a\u4f18\u5316\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u3001\u4ece\u800c\u79fb\u9664\u65ad\u8a00\u8bed\u53e5<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u65ad\u8a00\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u4f1a\u88ab\u8df3\u8fc7\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u5982\u4f55\u5173\u95ed<code>assert<\/code>\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e00\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u65ad\u8a00\uff08assert\uff09<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u65ad\u8a00\u662fPython\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u5374\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u653e\u7f6e\u65ad\u8a00\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5047\u8bbe\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\u65f6\u7acb\u5373\u83b7\u5f97\u53cd\u9988\u3002\u65ad\u8a00\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f<code>assert condition, &quot;error message&quot;<\/code>\uff0c\u5728\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a<code>False<\/code>\u65f6\u629b\u51fa<code>AssertionError<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u65ad\u8a00\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5728\u4e8e\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u72b6\u6001\u6216\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u5f97\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u4fee\u590d\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u65ad\u8a00\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5173\u95ed\u65ad\u8a00\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e8c\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u5173\u95edassert<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528<code>-O<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u8fd0\u884cPython<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u8981\u5173\u95ed<code>assert<\/code>\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd0\u884cPython\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528<code>-O<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">python -O your_script.py<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u540e\uff0cPython\u5c06\u4ee5\u4f18\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u65ad\u8a00\u8bed\u53e5\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u8df3\u8fc7\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>\u4f7f\u7528<code>PYTHONOPTIMIZE<\/code>\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5173\u95ed\u65ad\u8a00\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e<code>PYTHONOPTIMIZE<\/code>\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd0\u884cPython\u811a\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><pre><code class=\"language-bash\">export PYTHONOPTIMIZE=1<\/p>\n<p>python your_script.py<\/p>\n<p><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u8bbe\u7f6e<code>PYTHONOPTIMIZE<\/code>\u4e3a1\uff0c\u6548\u679c\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528<code>-O<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u65ad\u8a00\u8bed\u53e5\u4f1a\u88ab\u79fb\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e09\u3001\u5173\u95edassert\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u65ad\u8a00\u8bed\u53e5\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528<code>-O<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u5173\u95ed\u65ad\u8a00\u65f6\uff0c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u7565\u5fae\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u88ab\u7701\u7565\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u8981\u6c42\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>\u4e22\u5931\u8c03\u8bd5\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u867d\u7136\u5173\u95ed\u65ad\u8a00\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4e22\u5931\u4e86\u65ad\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u65ad\u8a00\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u68c0\u6d4b\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5173\u95ed\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u663e\u8ff9\u8c61\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83\u6216\u4ea7\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\u4fdd\u6301\u65ad\u8a00\u5f00\u542f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528assert\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u65ad\u8a00\u5e94\u8be5\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u65ad\u8a00\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u66ff\u4ee3\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5f02\u5e38\u6355\u83b7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>\u786e\u4fdd\u6761\u4ef6\u660e\u786e<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u65ad\u8a00\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u660e\u786e\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u3002\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u5e94\u8be5\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5730\u8be6\u7ec6\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u8c03\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong>\u907f\u514d\u526f\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u65ad\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u5305\u542b\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u5173\u95ed\u65ad\u8a00\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u4e94\u3001\u4f55\u65f6\u4e0d\u8be5\u5173\u95edassert<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5173\u95ed\u65ad\u8a00\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u65ad\u8a00\u662f\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5173\u952e\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5173\u952e\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u65f6\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u65ad\u8a00\u5f00\u542f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u5373\u65f6\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>\u590d\u6742\u7b97\u6cd5<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u590d\u6742\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u65ad\u8a00\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u66f4\u540e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong>\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u9ad8\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u5bf9\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u65ad\u8a00\u5f00\u542f\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u8f7b\u5fae\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u516d\u3001\u7ed3\u8bba<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><p>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5173\u95ed<code>assert<\/code>\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528<code>-O<\/code>\u9009\u9879\u6216\u8bbe\u7f6e<code>PYTHONOPTIMIZE<\/code>\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4e27\u5931\u4e86\u65ad\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u65ad\u8a00\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5feb\u901f\u68c0\u6d4b\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u901a\u5e38\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u65ad\u8a00\u5f00\u542f\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u89c6\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u5173\u95ed\u3002\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u65ad\u8a00\u548c\u5173\u95ed\u65ad\u8a00\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6027\u80fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u53d6\u5f97\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p> <strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u7981\u7528assert\u8bed\u53e5\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u7981\u7528assert\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u8fd0\u884cPython\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0<code>-O<\/code>\uff08\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcdO\uff09\u9009\u9879\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f7f\u5f97\u6240\u6709\u7684assert\u8bed\u53e5\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<code>python -O your_script.py<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0cassert\u8bed\u53e5\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4f7f\u7528assert\u8bed\u53e5\u65f6\u5e94\u6ce8\u610f\u54ea\u4e9b\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528assert\u8bed\u53e5\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9636\u6bb5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u3002assert\u8bed\u53e5\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7528\u6765\u6355\u6349\u4e0d\u5e94\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u6765\u66ff\u4ee3assert\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>assert\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong><br \/>assert\u8bed\u53e5\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5\u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u771f\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u8c03\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5f53\u6761\u4ef6\u4e3a\u5047\u65f6\uff0cassert\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1AssertionError\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u65e9\u5730\u6355\u83b7\u903b\u8f91\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5173\u95edassert\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd0\u884cPython\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528-O\uff08\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u201cO\u201d\uff09\u9009\u9879\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":947658,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/947650"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=947650"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/947650\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":947662,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/947650\/revisions\/947662"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/947658"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=947650"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=947650"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=947650"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}