{"id":939359,"date":"2024-12-26T20:33:32","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T12:33:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/939359.html"},"modified":"2024-12-26T20:33:34","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T12:33:34","slug":"python-%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ad%98%e5%82%a8list","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/939359.html","title":{"rendered":"python \u5982\u4f55\u5b58\u50a8list"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528pickle\u6a21\u5757\u3001JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u3001CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7b49\u3002\u4f7f\u7528pickle\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u9002\u5408\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u5b58\u50a8\u3001CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u9002\u5408\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/strong>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cpickle\u6a21\u5757\u7528\u4e8e\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u548c\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316Python\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800cJSON\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528pickle\u6a21\u5757\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528PICKLE\u6a21\u5757\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u7684pickle\u6a21\u5757\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u548c\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u5c06Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u683c\u5f0f\u5e76\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u7a0d\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u5e76\u6062\u590d\u4e3a\u539f\u59cb\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301Python\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7528\u6237\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    Pickle\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u51fd\u6570\uff1apickle.dump()<\/code>\u548cpickle.load()<\/code>\u3002pickle.dump()<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u800cpickle.load()<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u4e3aPython\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    import pickle<\/p>\n
    \u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    my_list = [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c']<\/p>\n
    \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    with open('my_list.pkl', 'wb') as file:<\/p>\n
        # \u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5e76\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n
        pickle.dump(my_list, file)<\/p>\n
    \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    with open('my_list.pkl', 'rb') as file:<\/p>\n
        # \u53cd\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
        loaded_list = pickle.load(file)<\/p>\n
    print(loaded_list)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c']<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528pickle\u65f6\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    • \u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0d\u5e94\u4ece\u4e0d\u53d7\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u6e90\u52a0\u8f7dpickle\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4efb\u610f\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u517c\u5bb9\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aPickle\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e0ePython\u7248\u672c\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684Python\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f8\u4e92\u8bfb\u53d6pickle\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u6548\u7387<\/strong>\uff1aPickle\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u6587\u672c\u683c\u5f0f\u66f4\u52a0\u7d27\u51d1\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6587\u4ef6\u8f83\u5927\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      JSON\uff08JavaScript Object Notation\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u6613\u4e8e\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002Python\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5185\u7f6e\u7684json\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u5904\u7406JSON\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. \n
        \u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        JSON\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86json.dump()<\/code>\u548cjson.load()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06Python\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u683c\u5f0f\u5e76\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u5e76\u89e3\u6790JSON\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        import json<\/p>\n
        \u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
        my_list = [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c']<\/p>\n
        \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
        with open('my_list.json', 'w') as file:<\/p>\n
            # \u5c06\u5217\u8868\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aJSON\u683c\u5f0f\u5e76\u5b58\u50a8<\/p>\n
            json.dump(my_list, file)<\/p>\n
        \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
        with open('my_list.json', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
            # \u89e3\u6790JSON\u6570\u636e\u4e3aPython\u5bf9\u8c61<\/p>\n
            loaded_list = json.load(file)<\/p>\n
        print(loaded_list)  # \u8f93\u51fa: [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c']<\/p>\n
        <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
      2. \n
        \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
        \u4f7f\u7528JSON\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          \n
        • \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u652f\u6301<\/strong>\uff1aJSON\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u6240\u6709Python\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5143\u7ec4\u548c\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5728\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u65f6\u4f1a\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aJSON\u683c\u5f0f\u662f\u6587\u672c\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u9605\u8bfb\u548c\u7f16\u8f91\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5982\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u683c\u5f0f\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
          CSV\uff08Comma-Separated Values\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u8868\u683c\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5b83\u9002\u5408\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5e7f\u6cdb\u652f\u6301\u4e8e\u7535\u5b50\u8868\u683c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. \n
            \u57fa\u672c\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            Python\u7684csv\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u7ef4\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a\u5355\u5217\u7684CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            import csv<\/p>\n
            \u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u4e00\u7ef4\u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            my_list = [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c']<\/p>\n
            \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            with open('my_list.csv', 'w', newline='') as file:<\/p>\n
                writer = csv.writer(file)<\/p>\n
                # \u5199\u5165\u5217\u8868\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5355\u884c<\/p>\n
                writer.writerow(my_list)<\/p>\n
            \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
            with open('my_list.csv', 'r') as file:<\/p>\n
                reader = csv.reader(file)<\/p>\n
                # \u8bfb\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c<\/p>\n
                loaded_list = next(reader)<\/p>\n
            print(loaded_list)  # \u8f93\u51fa: ['1', '2', '3', 'a', 'b', 'c']<\/p>\n
            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
          2. \n
            \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
            \u4f7f\u7528CSV\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \n
            • \u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\uff1aCSV\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/li>\n
            • \u6362\u884c\u7b26\u548c\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0d\u540c\u5e73\u53f0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6362\u884c\u7b26\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u5728\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8bfb\u53d6CSV\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              \u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
              \u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u6216\u9700\u8981\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002Python\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5305\u62ecSQLite\u3001MySQL\u3001PostgreSQL\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \n
                \u4f7f\u7528SQLite\u5b58\u50a8\u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                SQLite\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0cPython\u5185\u7f6e\u652f\u6301SQLite\u3002\u5b83\u9002\u5408\u4e2d\u5c0f\u89c4\u6a21\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                import sqlite3<\/p>\n
                \u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                my_list = [1, 2, 3, 'a', 'b', 'c']<\/p>\n
                \u8fde\u63a5\u5230SQLite\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u521b\u5efa\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                conn = sqlite3.connect('my_list.db')<\/p>\n
                cursor = conn.cursor()<\/p>\n
                \u521b\u5efa\u8868<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                cursor.execute('CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS list_data (item TEXT)')<\/p>\n
                \u63d2\u5165\u5217\u8868\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                for item in my_list:<\/p>\n
                    cursor.execute('INSERT INTO list_data (item) VALUES (?)', (str(item),))<\/p>\n
                \u63d0\u4ea4\u4e8b\u52a1<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                conn.commit()<\/p>\n
                \u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                cursor.execute('SELECT item FROM list_data')<\/p>\n
                loaded_list = [row[0] for row in cursor.fetchall()]<\/p>\n
                print(loaded_list)  # \u8f93\u51fa: ['1', '2', '3', 'a', 'b', 'c']<\/p>\n
                \u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                conn.close()<\/p>\n
                <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
              2. \n
                \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                \u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  \n
                • \u8bbe\u8ba1\u8868\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u548c\u67e5\u8be2\u9700\u6c42\u5408\u7406\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/li>\n
                • \u6027\u80fd\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9002\u5408\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                  \u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u573a\u666f\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5b58\u50a8Python\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u7efc\u5408\u8003\u8651\u6570\u636e\u89c4\u6a21\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3001\u8bfb\u5199\u6027\u80fd\u4ee5\u53ca\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
                  \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
                   \u5982\u4f55\u5c06Python\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u8868\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff1f<\/strong>
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