{"id":934055,"date":"2024-12-26T18:28:05","date_gmt":"2024-12-26T10:28:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/934055.html"},"modified":"2024-12-26T18:28:07","modified_gmt":"2024-12-26T10:28:07","slug":"python%e7%b1%bb%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%8a%84%e5%86%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/934055.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u7c7b\u5982\u4f55\u6284\u5199"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u7c7b\u5982\u4f55\u6284\u5199\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u6284\u5199\u7c7b\uff0c\u5373\u590d\u5236\u6216\u514b\u9686\u7c7b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684copy<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u624b\u52a8\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u5236\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5143\u7c7b\u7b49\u3002\u624b\u52a8\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u5236\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u590d\u5236\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5bf9\u8c61\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001PYTHON\u4e2d\u7684\u7c7b\u590d\u5236\u6982\u8ff0<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u590d\u5236\u5bf9\u8c61\u901a\u5e38\u5206\u4e3a\u6d45\u590d\u5236\u548c\u6df1\u590d\u5236\u3002\u6d45\u590d\u5236\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u7684\u5d4c\u5957\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u539f\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u6df1\u590d\u5236\u5219\u662f\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u590d\u5236\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ca\u5176\u6240\u6709\u5d4c\u5957\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7c7b\u7684\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u6d45\u590d\u5236\u8fd8\u662f\u6df1\u590d\u5236\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7c7b\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u548c\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u6d45\u590d\u5236\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u5bf9\u8c61\u6216\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5d4c\u5957\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u901f\u5ea6\u8f83\u5feb\u4e14\u6d88\u8017\u8d44\u6e90\u8f83\u5c11\u3002\u800c\u6df1\u590d\u5236\u5219\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5305\u542b\u590d\u6742\u5d4c\u5957\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u539f\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u590d\u5236\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5e72\u6270\u3002Python\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684copy<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u590d\u5236\u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff1acopy.copy()<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u6d45\u590d\u5236\uff0ccopy.deepcopy()<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u6df1\u590d\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528COPY\u6a21\u5757\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u7684\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u7684copy<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u4e14\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u590d\u5236\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5185\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6d45\u590d\u5236\u548c\u6df1\u590d\u5236\u90fd\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528copy<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u7684\u590d\u5236\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7c7b\u4e2d\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import copy<\/p>\n
class MyClass:<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, value):<\/p>\n
        self.value = value<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h2>\n
original = MyClass([1, 2, 3])<\/p>\n
\u6d45\u590d\u5236<\/strong><\/h2>\n
shallow_copied = copy.copy(original)<\/p>\n
\u6df1\u590d\u5236<\/strong><\/h2>\n
deep_copied = copy.deepcopy(original)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0cshallow_copied<\/code>\u662foriginal<\/code>\u7684\u6d45\u590d\u5236\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u800cdeep_copied<\/code>\u662f\u6df1\u590d\u5236\u7248\u672c\u3002\u5982\u679cMyClass<\/code>\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u5982\u5217\u8868\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728shallow_copied<\/code>\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230original<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u5728deep_copied<\/code>\u4e2d\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u590d\u5236\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u590d\u6742\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u6216\u72b6\u6001\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u590d\u5236\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u73b0\u7279\u6b8a\u65b9\u6cd5__copy__()<\/code>\u548c__deepcopy__()<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u786e\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u590d\u5236\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import copy<\/p>\n
class MyClass:<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, value):<\/p>\n
        self.value = value<\/p>\n
    def __copy__(self):<\/p>\n
        # \u5b9a\u4e49\u6d45\u590d\u5236\u7684\u884c\u4e3a<\/p>\n
        cls = self.__class__<\/p>\n
        result = cls.__new__(cls)<\/p>\n
        result.__dict__.update(self.__dict__)<\/p>\n
        return result<\/p>\n
    def __deepcopy__(self, memo):<\/p>\n
        # \u5b9a\u4e49\u6df1\u590d\u5236\u7684\u884c\u4e3a<\/p>\n
        cls = self.__class__<\/p>\n
        result = cls.__new__(cls)<\/p>\n
        memo[id(self)] = result<\/p>\n
        for k, v in self.__dict__.items():<\/p>\n
            setattr(result, k, copy.deepcopy(v, memo))<\/p>\n
        return result<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u6d45\u590d\u5236\u548c\u6df1\u590d\u5236\u65f6\uff0c\u7c7b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u7b26\u5408\u9884\u671f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5143\u7c7b\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u590d\u5236<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5143\u7c7b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u7c7b\u7684\u201c\u7c7b\u201d\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u5143\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u7c7b\u590d\u5236\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u8f83\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u52a8\u6001\u521b\u5efa\u7c7b\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
class MyMeta(type):<\/p>\n
    def __new__(cls, name, bases, dct):<\/p>\n
        return super().__new__(cls, name, bases, dct)<\/p>\n
class MyClass(metaclass=MyMeta):<\/p>\n
    def __init__(self, value):<\/p>\n
        self.value = value<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u5143\u7c7b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7c7b<\/strong><\/h2>\n
NewClass = MyMeta('NewClass', (MyClass,), {})<\/p>\n
new_instance = NewClass(10)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u63a7\u5236Python\u7c7b\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u7c7b\u590d\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u7c7b\u590d\u5236\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \n
    \u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u590d\u5236\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u800c\u4e0d\u4e92\u76f8\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\uff0c\u590d\u5236\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6a21\u62df\u6216\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e5f\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  2. \n
    \u6e38\u620f\u5f00\u53d1<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u6e38\u620f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u590d\u5236\u6e38\u620f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff08\u5982\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u9053\u5177\uff09\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u4fdd\u5b58\u3001\u91cd\u653e\u6216\u591a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  3. \n
    \u7f51\u7edc\u4e0e\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\uff0c\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u590d\u5236\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u590d\u5236\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8282\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u4f20\u8f93\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u516d\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \n
      \u7406\u89e3\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f7f\u7528\u6d45\u590d\u5236\u8fd8\u662f\u6df1\u590d\u5236\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u7684\u53ef\u53d8\u7c7b\u578b\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    2. \n
      \u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u590d\u5236\u903b\u8f91<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7c7b\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49__copy__()<\/code>\u548c__deepcopy__()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\u590d\u5236\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    3. \n
      \u6027\u80fd\u8003\u8651<\/strong>\uff1a\u6df1\u590d\u5236\u6bd4\u6d45\u590d\u5236\u66f4\u8017\u8d39\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u590d\u5236\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    4. \n
      \u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u590d\u5236\u903b\u8f91\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u590d\u5236\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3Python\u7c7b\u7684\u590d\u5236\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7075\u6d3b\u8fd0\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
      \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
       \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1f<\/strong>
      \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5e76\u5c06\u539f\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u590d\u5236\u8fc7\u53bb\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u590d\u5236\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528copy<\/code>\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684copy<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528deepcopy<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d\u4f1a\u590d\u5236\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u5219\u4f1a\u590d\u5236\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ca\u5176\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u4ee5\u91cd\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\uff1f<\/strong>
      \u901a\u8fc7\u7ee7\u627f\uff0c\u5b50\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u627f\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u91cd\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b50\u7c7b\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7236\u7c7b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5b50\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cclass \u5b50\u7c7b(\u7236\u7c7b):<\/code>\u3002\u5b50\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u5199\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6216\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
      \u590d\u5236\u7c7b\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u5b9e\u73b0\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\uff1f<\/strong>
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