{"id":887384,"date":"2024-07-30T12:59:34","date_gmt":"2024-07-30T04:59:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/887384.html"},"modified":"2024-07-30T12:59:38","modified_gmt":"2024-07-30T04:59:38","slug":"java%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e6%9c%89%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e7%bb%86%e8%8a%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/887384.html","title":{"rendered":"java\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7ec6\u8282"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"java\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7ec6\u8282\"<\/p>\n

Java\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u3001JVM\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u6846\u67b6\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u96c6\u6210\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u8303\u4e0e\u91cd\u6784<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b<\/strong>\u662fJava\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5c01\u88c5\u3001\u7ee7\u627f\u548c\u591a\u6001\uff0c\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u5177\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002\u8be6\u7ec6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u548c\u63a5\u53e3\u5b9e\u73b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u5907\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

Java\u662f\u4e00\u95e8\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u7406\u5ff5\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u7c7b\u6765\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b<\/strong>\uff08OOP\uff09\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u590d\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f7f\u5f97\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u66f4\u4e3a\u7075\u6d3b\u548c\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1.1 \u5c01\u88c5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5c01\u88c5\u662f\u6307\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c01\u88c5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5355\u5143\uff08\u7c7b\uff09\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9690\u85cf\u7c7b\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u53ea\u66b4\u9732\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1.2 \u7ee7\u627f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u7ee7\u627f\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7ee7\u627f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7ee7\u627f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u590d\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f7f\u5f97\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u5177\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1.3 \u591a\u6001<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u591a\u6001\u662f\u6307\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5728Java\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u6001\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u91cd\u8f7d\u548c\u91cd\u5199\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u591a\u6001\u4f7f\u5f97\u4ee3\u7801\u66f4\u5177\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001JVM\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

Java\u865a\u62df\u673a\uff08JVM\uff09\u662fJava\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3JVM\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5236\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2.1 \u5806\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u6808\u5185\u5b58<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

JVM\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u6808\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u800c\u6808\u5185\u5b58\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528\u548c\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u5806\u548c\u6808\u7684\u533a\u522b\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2.2 \u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\uff08Garbage Collection, GC\uff09\u662fJVM\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u7279\u8272\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u56de\u6536\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08\u5982Serial GC\u3001Parallel GC\u3001CMS GC\u548cG1 GC\uff09\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u9002\u5408\u7684GC\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u534f\u8c03\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002Java\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

3.1 \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ebf\u7a0b\u590d\u7528\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u9500\u6bc1\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002Java\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86Executor\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

3.2 \u9501\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u9501\u673a\u5236\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5bf9\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002Java\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u9501\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5982synchronized\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3001ReentrantLock\u548cReadWriteLock\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u9501\u673a\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u907f\u514d\u6b7b\u9501\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Java\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

4.1 \u8fde\u63a5\u6c60<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u590d\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u9500\u6bc1\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6c60\u5b9e\u73b0\u6709C3P0\u3001DBCP\u548cHikariCP\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

4.2 \u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u7ba1\u7406\u4e8b\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002Java\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5982\u7f16\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u58f0\u660e\u5f0f\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u6846\u67b6\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u96c6\u6210<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

Java\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

5.1 Spring\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

Spring\u662fJava\u4e2d\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6846\u67b6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u4f9d\u8d56\u6ce8\u5165\u3001\u9762\u5411\u5207\u9762\u7f16\u7a0b\u548c\u4e8b\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u3002\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528Spring\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

5.2 Hibernate\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

Hibernate\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u7684ORM\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7Hibernate\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06Java\u5bf9\u8c61\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7b80\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528Hibernate\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u91cf\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u516d\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u8303\u4e0e\u91cd\u6784<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u8303\u548c\u5b9a\u671f\u91cd\u6784\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

6.1 \u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u8303<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u8303\u5305\u62ec\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303\u3001\u6ce8\u91ca\u89c4\u8303\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u683c\u5f0f\u7b49\uff0c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u8303\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u89c4\u8303\u5de5\u5177\u6709Checkstyle\u548cPMD\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

6.2 \u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u6784<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801\u91cd\u6784\u662f\u6307\u5728\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u4ee3\u7801\u5916\u90e8\u884c\u4e3a\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u91cd\u6784\u624b\u6bb5\u5305\u62ec\u63d0\u53d6\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5f15\u5165\u53c2\u6570\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u6d88\u9664\u91cd\u590d\u4ee3\u7801\u7b49\u3002\u5b9a\u671f\u91cd\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51faJava\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u591a\u4e14\u590d\u6742\u7684\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec6\u8282\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5177\u5907\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u80fd\u591f\u6e38\u5203\u6709\u4f59\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

1. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5728Java\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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2. \u5728Java\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5e76\u53d1\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5e76\u53d1\u8bbf\u95ee\u662fJava\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\u6765\u907f\u514d\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528synchronized\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u6216\u8005Lock\u63a5\u53e3\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u5982\u4f55\u63d0\u9ad8Java\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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