{"id":877070,"date":"2024-07-30T02:58:46","date_gmt":"2024-07-29T18:58:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/877070.html"},"modified":"2024-07-30T02:58:50","modified_gmt":"2024-07-29T18:58:50","slug":"%e7%bd%91%e7%ab%99%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91%e7%9a%84%e5%90%8e%e7%ab%af%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e5%86%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/877070.html","title":{"rendered":"\u7f51\u7ad9\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u600e\u4e48\u5199"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u7f51\u7ad9\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u600e\u4e48\u5199\"<\/p>\n

\u7f51\u7ad9\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u6846\u67b6\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6280\u672f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u6280\u672f\u5305\u62ecPython\uff08Django\u3001Flask\uff09\u3001JavaScript\uff08Node.js\uff09\u3001Java\uff08Spring\uff09\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982MySQL\u3001PostgreSQL\u3001MongoDB\u7b49\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u6846\u67b6\u662f\u5173\u952e\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0cPython\u7684Django\u6846\u67b6\u56e0\u5176\u5feb\u901f\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684Django\u6846\u67b6\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7ad9\u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u6846\u67b6<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7ad9\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u65f6\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u6846\u67b6\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u6846\u67b6\u6709\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u548c\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u548cDjango<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

Python\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u7b80\u6d01\u548c\u6613\u8bfb\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002Django\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684Python Web\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9f13\u52b1\u5feb\u901f\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002Django\u5e26\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5feb\u901f\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Django\u7684\u4f18\u70b9<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u5feb\u901f\u5f00\u53d1<\/strong>\uff1aDjango\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5f00\u7bb1\u5373\u7528\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u754c\u9762\u3001ORM\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\u5173\u7cfb\u6620\u5c04\uff09\u7b49\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u91cd\u590d\u9020\u8f6e\u5b50\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aDjango\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982SQL\u6ce8\u5165\u3001\u8de8\u7ad9\u811a\u672c\u653b\u51fb\uff08XSS\uff09\u3001\u8de8\u7ad9\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f2a\u9020\uff08CSRF\uff09\u7b49\uff0c\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u6269\u5c55\u6027<\/strong>\uff1aDjango\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u5f3a\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u6027\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u548c\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u63d2\u4ef6\u6765\u6269\u5c55\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6eDjango<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

    \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5Python\u548cDjango\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pip\u6765\u5b89\u88c5Django\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    pip install django<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684Django\u9879\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    django-admin startproject myproject<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8fdb\u5165\u9879\u76ee\u76ee\u5f55\u5e76\u542f\u52a8\u5f00\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    cd myproject<\/p>\n
    python manage.py runserver<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8bbf\u95eehttp:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\/\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u770b\u5230\u6b22\u8fce\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u8bf4\u660eDjango\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u529f\u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e8c\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u7f51\u7ad9\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\u5305\u62ec\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u5982MySQL\u3001PostgreSQL\uff09\u548c\u975e\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u5982MongoDB\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
    MySQL<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    MySQL\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cdWeb\u5e94\u7528\u3002Django\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f7f\u7528SQLite\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9MySQL\u6216PostgreSQL\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u914d\u7f6eMySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b89\u88c5MySQL\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    CREATE DATABASE mydatabase;<\/p>\n
    CREATE USER 'myuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mypassword';<\/p>\n
    GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON mydatabase.* TO 'myuser'@'localhost';<\/p>\n
    FLUSH PRIVILEGES;<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Django\u9879\u76ee\u7684settings.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    DATABASES = {<\/p>\n
        'default': {<\/p>\n
            'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',<\/p>\n
            'NAME': 'mydatabase',<\/p>\n
            'USER': 'myuser',<\/p>\n
            'PASSWORD': 'mypassword',<\/p>\n
            'HOST': 'localhost',<\/p>\n
            'PORT': '3306',<\/p>\n
        }<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b89\u88c5MySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    pip install mysqlclient<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fc1\u79fb\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    python manage.py migrate<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    PostgreSQL<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    PostgreSQL\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002Django\u5bf9PostgreSQL\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u826f\u597d\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u914d\u7f6ePostgreSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b89\u88c5PostgreSQL\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    CREATE DATABASE mydatabase;<\/p>\n
    CREATE USER myuser WITH PASSWORD 'mypassword';<\/p>\n
    ALTER ROLE myuser SET client_encoding TO 'utf8';<\/p>\n
    ALTER ROLE myuser SET default_transaction_isolation TO 'read committed';<\/p>\n
    ALTER ROLE myuser SET timezone TO 'UTC';<\/p>\n
    GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE mydatabase TO myuser;<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Django\u9879\u76ee\u7684settings.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    DATABASES = {<\/p>\n
        'default': {<\/p>\n
            'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',<\/p>\n
            'NAME': 'mydatabase',<\/p>\n
            'USER': 'myuser',<\/p>\n
            'PASSWORD': 'mypassword',<\/p>\n
            'HOST': 'localhost',<\/p>\n
            'PORT': '5432',<\/p>\n
        }<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b89\u88c5PostgreSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    pip install psycopg2-binary<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fc1\u79fb\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    python manage.py migrate<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u975e\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
    MongoDB<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    MongoDB\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u6587\u6863\u7684NoSQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\u3002Django\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u652f\u6301MongoDB\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u5982Djongo\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u914d\u7f6eMongoDB\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b89\u88c5MongoDB\u5e76\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    sudo service mongod start<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Django\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5Djongo\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    pip install djongo<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Django\u9879\u76ee\u7684settings.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    DATABASES = {<\/p>\n
        'default': {<\/p>\n
            'ENGINE': 'djongo',<\/p>\n
            'NAME': 'mydatabase',<\/p>\n
        }<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fc1\u79fb\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    python manage.py migrate<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e09\u3001\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \u5728Django\u4e2d\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\uff08Models\uff09\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7c7b\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u7c7b\u5bf9\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u5bf9\u5e94\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u521b\u5efa\u6a21\u578b<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Django\u5e94\u7528\u7684models.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u6a21\u578b\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    from django.db import models<\/p>\n
    class Product(models.Model):<\/p>\n
        name = models.CharField(max_length=100)<\/p>\n
        price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=10, decimal_places=2)<\/p>\n
        description = models.TextField()<\/p>\n
        created_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)<\/p>\n
        updated_at = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)<\/p>\n
        def __str__(self):<\/p>\n
            return self.name<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8fc1\u79fb\u6a21\u578b<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b9a\u4e49\u597d\u6a21\u578b\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u751f\u6210\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fc1\u79fb\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5e94\u7528\u8fc1\u79fb\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    python manage.py makemigrations<\/p>\n
    python manage.py migrate<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u578b<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
    \u521b\u5efa\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5220\u9664\uff08CRUD\uff09\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u80fd\u3002Django\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86ORM\uff08\u5bf9\u8c61\u5173\u7cfb\u6620\u5c04\uff09\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u521b\u5efa\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    product = Product(name='Laptop', price=999.99, description='A high-performance laptop')<\/p>\n
    product.save()<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8bfb\u53d6\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    products = Product.objects.all()<\/p>\n
    for product in products:<\/p>\n
        print(product.name, product.price)<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u66f4\u65b0\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    product = Product.objects.get(id=1)<\/p>\n
    product.price = 899.99<\/p>\n
    product.save()<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5220\u9664\u8bb0\u5f55<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    product = Product.objects.get(id=1)<\/p>\n
    product.delete()<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u56db\u3001\u89c6\u56fe\u4e0e\u8def\u7531\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \u5728Django\u4e2d\uff0c\u89c6\u56fe\uff08Views\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u8fd4\u56deHTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u8def\u7531\uff08URLconf\uff09\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06URL\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u89c6\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b9a\u4e49\u89c6\u56fe<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Django\u5e94\u7528\u7684views.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c6\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u7c7b\u89c6\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    from django.shortcuts import render<\/p>\n
    from django.http import HttpResponse<\/p>\n
    from .models import Product<\/p>\n
    def product_list(request):<\/p>\n
        products = Product.objects.all()<\/p>\n
        return render(request, 'product_list.html', {'products': products})<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u914d\u7f6e\u8def\u7531<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Django\u5e94\u7528\u7684urls.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u8def\u7531\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    from django.urls import path<\/p>\n
    from . import views<\/p>\n
    urlpatterns = [<\/p>\n
        path('products\/', views.product_list, name='product_list'),<\/p>\n
    ]<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u521b\u5efa\u6a21\u677f<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Django\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982product_list.html<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    <!DOCTYPE html><\/p>\n
    <html><\/p>\n
    <head><\/p>\n
        <title>Product List<\/title><\/p>\n
    <\/head><\/p>\n
    <body><\/p>\n
        <h1>Product List<\/h1><\/p>\n
        <ul><\/p>\n
            {% for product in products %}<\/p>\n
                <li>{{ product.name }} - ${{ product.price }}<\/li><\/p>\n
            {% endfor %}<\/p>\n
        <\/ul><\/p>\n
    <\/body><\/p>\n
    <\/html><\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e94\u3001\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6388\u6743<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6388\u6743\u662f\u7f51\u7ad9\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u529f\u80fd\uff0cDjango\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6388\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
    Django\u81ea\u5e26\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u518c\u3001\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u9000\u51fa\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u518c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Django\u5e94\u7528\u7684views.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u518c\u89c6\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    from django.contrib.auth.models import User<\/p>\n
    from django.shortcuts import render, redirect<\/p>\n
    from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm<\/p>\n
    def register(request):<\/p>\n
        if request.method == 'POST':<\/p>\n
            form = UserCreationForm(request.POST)<\/p>\n
            if form.is_valid():<\/p>\n
                form.save()<\/p>\n
                return redirect('login')<\/p>\n
        else:<\/p>\n
            form = UserCreationForm()<\/p>\n
        return render(request, 'register.html', {'form': form})<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728urls.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u8def\u7531\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    urlpatterns = [<\/p>\n
        path('register\/', views.register, name='register'),<\/p>\n
    ]<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u521b\u5efa\u6ce8\u518c\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6register.html<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    <!DOCTYPE html><\/p>\n
    <html><\/p>\n
    <head><\/p>\n
        <title>Register<\/title><\/p>\n
    <\/head><\/p>\n
    <body><\/p>\n
        <h1>Register<\/h1><\/p>\n
        <form method="post"><\/p>\n
            {% csrf_token %}<\/p>\n
            {{ form.as_p }}<\/p>\n
            <button type="submit">Register<\/button><\/p>\n
        <\/form><\/p>\n
    <\/body><\/p>\n
    <\/html><\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u4e0e\u9000\u51fa<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Django\u5e94\u7528\u7684views.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u4e0e\u9000\u51fa\u89c6\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    from django.contrib.auth import login, logout, authenticate<\/p>\n
    from django.shortcuts import render, redirect<\/p>\n
    from django.contrib.auth.forms import AuthenticationForm<\/p>\n
    def user_login(request):<\/p>\n
        if request.method == 'POST':<\/p>\n
            form = AuthenticationForm(request, data=request.POST)<\/p>\n
            if form.is_valid():<\/p>\n
                username = form.cleaned_data.get('username')<\/p>\n
                password = form.cleaned_data.get('password')<\/p>\n
                user = authenticate(username=username, password=password)<\/p>\n
                if user is not None:<\/p>\n
                    login(request, user)<\/p>\n
                    return redirect('home')<\/p>\n
        else:<\/p>\n
            form = AuthenticationForm()<\/p>\n
        return render(request, 'login.html', {'form': form})<\/p>\n
    def user_logout(request):<\/p>\n
        logout(request)<\/p>\n
        return redirect('home')<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728urls.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u8def\u7531\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    urlpatterns = [<\/p>\n
        path('login\/', views.user_login, name='login'),<\/p>\n
        path('logout\/', views.user_logout, name='logout'),<\/p>\n
    ]<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u521b\u5efa\u767b\u5f55\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6login.html<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    <!DOCTYPE html><\/p>\n
    <html><\/p>\n
    <head><\/p>\n
        <title>Login<\/title><\/p>\n
    <\/head><\/p>\n
    <body><\/p>\n
        <h1>Login<\/h1><\/p>\n
        <form method="post"><\/p>\n
            {% csrf_token %}<\/p>\n
            {{ form.as_p }}<\/p>\n
            <button type="submit">Login<\/button><\/p>\n
        <\/form><\/p>\n
    <\/body><\/p>\n
    <\/html><\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7528\u6237\u6388\u6743<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7528\u6237\u6388\u6743\u662f\u6307\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u3002Django\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u548c\u6743\u9650\u7684\u6388\u6743\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7528\u6237\u7ec4<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff08Group\uff09\u662f\u7528\u6237\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7ec4\u5206\u914d\u6743\u9650\u3002Django\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Django\u7ba1\u7406\u754c\u9762\u6216\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u6743\u9650<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u6743\u9650\uff08Permission\uff09\u662f\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6388\u6743\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u6216\u7ec4\u5206\u914d\u6743\u9650\u3002\u5728Django\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u6216\u7c7b\u89c6\u56fe\u7684Mixin\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u9650\u5236\u53ea\u6709\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u624d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e2a\u89c6\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required<\/p>\n
    @login_required<\/p>\n
    def product_list(request):<\/p>\n
        products = Product.objects.all()<\/p>\n
        return render(request, 'product_list.html', {'products': products})<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u516d\u3001API\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \u5728\u73b0\u4ee3Web\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0cAPI\uff08\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63a5\u53e3\uff09\u662f\u540e\u7aef\u4e0e\u524d\u7aef\u3001\u79fb\u52a8\u7aef\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002Django\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0API\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    Django REST Framework<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
    Django REST Framework\uff08DRF\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u4e14\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u5305\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efaWeb API\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5f00\u7bb1\u5373\u7528\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u3001\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b89\u88c5DRF<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528pip\u5b89\u88c5Django REST Framework\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    pip install djangorestframework<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Django\u9879\u76ee\u7684settings.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0DRF\u5230\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5217\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    INSTALLED_APPS = [<\/p>\n
        ...<\/p>\n
        'rest_framework',<\/p>\n
    ]<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u521b\u5efa\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Django\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aserializers.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9a\u4e49\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u5668\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    from rest_framework import serializers<\/p>\n
    from .models import Product<\/p>\n
    class ProductSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):<\/p>\n
        class Meta:<\/p>\n
            model = Product<\/p>\n
            fields = '__all__'<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u521b\u5efaAPI\u89c6\u56fe<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Django\u5e94\u7528\u7684views.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49API\u89c6\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    from rest_framework import viewsets<\/p>\n
    from .models import Product<\/p>\n
    from .serializers import ProductSerializer<\/p>\n
    class ProductViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):<\/p>\n
        queryset = Product.objects.all()<\/p>\n
        serializer_class = ProductSerializer<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Django\u5e94\u7528\u7684urls.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6eAPI\u8def\u7531\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    from django.urls import path, include<\/p>\n
    from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter<\/p>\n
    from . import views<\/p>\n
    router = DefaultRouter()<\/p>\n
    router.register(r'products', views.ProductViewSet)<\/p>\n
    urlpatterns = [<\/p>\n
        path('', include(router.urls)),<\/p>\n
    ]<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u6d4b\u8bd5API<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u542f\u52a8Django\u5f00\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbf\u95eehttp:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\/products\/\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230API\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u5217\u8868\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4e03\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7f51\u7ad9\u540e\u7aef\u5f00\u53d1\u65f6\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u548c\u4fdd\u62a4\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7f13\u5b58<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u7f13\u5b58\u662f\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u6709\u6548\u624b\u6bb5\u3002Django\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f13\u5b58\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728Django\u9879\u76ee\u7684settings.py<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u7f13\u5b58\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    CACHES = {<\/p>\n
        'default': {<\/p>\n
            'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache',<\/p>\n
            'LOCATION': '127.0.0.1:11211',<\/p>\n
        }<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4f18\u5316\u662f\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7d22\u5f15\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u4f18\u5316\u3001\u5206\u5e93\u5206\u8868\u7b49\u624b\u6bb5\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5f02\u6b65\u4efb\u52a1<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u8017\u65f6\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u6b65\u4efb\u52a1\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u3002Django\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0eCelery\u7b49\u5f02\u6b65\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\u5de5\u5177\u96c6\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
    SQL\u6ce8\u5165<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    Django ORM\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6\u5df2\u7ecf\u8003\u8651\u4e86SQL\u6ce8\u5165\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u6570\u5316\u67e5\u8be2\u6765\u9632\u6b62SQL\u6ce8\u5165\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8de8\u7ad9\u811a\u672c\u653b\u51fb\uff08XSS\uff09<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    Django\u81ea\u52a8\u5bf9\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u4e49\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62XSS\u653b\u51fb\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Django\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u548c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6765\u589e\u5f3aXSS\u9632\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8de8\u7ad9\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f2a\u9020\uff08CSRF\uff09<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    Django\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86CSRF\u9632\u62a4\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8868\u5355\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0CSRF\u4ee4\u724c\u6765\u9632\u6b62CSRF\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    <form method="post"><\/p>\n
        {% csrf_token %}<\/p>\n
        ...<\/p>\n
    <\/form><\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
    HTTPS<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u4f7f\u7528HTTPS\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5bc6\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6eWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u5982Nginx\u3001Apache\uff09\u6765\u542f\u7528HTTPS\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u516b\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7ef4<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    \u5f00\u53d1\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u7f51\u7ad9\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7ef4\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u90e8\u7f72<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
    Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5982Nginx\u6216Apache\uff0c\u6765\u90e8\u7f72Django\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u548cWSGI\u6765\u8fd0\u884cDjango\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982MySQL\u6216PostgreSQL\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5bf9\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\uff08\u5982HAProxy\u3001Nginx\uff09\u6765\u5206\u62c5\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u8fd0\u7ef4<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
    \u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
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    \u76d1\u63a7<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
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