{"id":311564,"date":"2024-05-20T22:17:54","date_gmt":"2024-05-20T14:17:54","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-05-20T22:18:09","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T14:18:09","slug":"c-%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e9%81%8d%e5%8e%86%e6%8c%87%e5%ae%9a%e7%9b%ae%e5%bd%95%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%86%85%e5%ae%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/311564.html","title":{"rendered":"C \u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u7a0b\u600e\u4e48\u904d\u5386\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"C<\/p>\n

C\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u7a0b\u904d\u5386\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong>\uff0c\u7684\u5173\u952e\u51fd\u6570\u4e3aopendir()<\/code>\u3001readdir()<\/code>\u548cclosedir()<\/code>\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0copendir()<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u3001readdir()<\/code>\u8fde\u7eed\u8c03\u7528\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\u3001closedir()<\/code>\u5173\u95ed\u5df2\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e8e<dirent.h><\/code>\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8ePOSIX\u517c\u5bb9\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982UNIX\u3001Linux\u7b49\u3002\u5728Windows\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7<windows.h><\/code>\u4e2d\u7684FindFirstFile()<\/code>\u3001FindNextFile()<\/code>\u548cFindClose()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f8\u4f3c\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u63a2\u8ba8\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u76ee\u5f55\u904d\u5386\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u9996\u5148\u662fDIR<\/code>\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u4ee3\u8868\u76ee\u5f55\u6d41\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u76ee\u5f55\u6761\u76ee\u5219\u901a\u8fc7struct dirent<\/code>\u7ed3\u6784\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u6210\u5458\u662fd_name<\/code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u6253\u5f00\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u8981\u904d\u5386\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u7528opendir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6253\u5f00\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u53d6\u5230DIR *<\/code>\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8fd4\u56deNULL<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

#include <dirent.h><\/p>\n
DIR *dir = opendir("\/path\/to\/directory");<\/p>\n
if (dir == NULL) {<\/p>\n
    \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u6216\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u8bfb\u53d6\u76ee\u5f55\u6761\u76ee<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u65e6\u76ee\u5f55\u88ab\u6253\u5f00\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528readdir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528readdir()<\/code>\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fd4\u56deNULL<\/code>\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u6709\u6761\u76ee\u5df2\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b8c\u6bd5\u6216\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
#include <dirent.h><\/p>\n
struct dirent *entry;<\/p>\n
while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {<\/p>\n
    \/\/ \u901a\u8fc7entry->d_name\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u5fd8\u8bb0\u7528closedir()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5173\u95ed\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u826f\u597d\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91ca\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
#include <dirent.h><\/p>\n
closedir(dir);<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u904d\u5386\u7b97\u6cd5\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u904d\u5386\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u7a0b\u5e8f\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
#include <stdio.h><\/p>\n
#include <dirent.h><\/p>\n
void traverse_directory(const char *path) {<\/p>\n
    DIR *dir = opendir(path);<\/p>\n
    if (dir == NULL) {<\/p>\n
        perror("opendir");<\/p>\n
        return;<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
    struct dirent *entry;<\/p>\n
    while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {<\/p>\n
        if (entry->d_type == DT_REG) {<\/p>\n
            \/\/ \u6b64\u6761\u76ee\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
            printf("File: %s\/%s\\n", path, entry->d_name);<\/p>\n
        } else if (entry->d_type == DT_DIR) {<\/p>\n
            \/\/ \u6b64\u6761\u76ee\u4e3a\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n
            if ((strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0) || (strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0)) {<\/p>\n
                continue; \/\/ \u5ffd\u7565.\u548c..<\/p>\n
            }<\/p>\n
            printf("Directory: %s\/%s\\n", path, entry->d_name);<\/p>\n
            \/\/ \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528traverse_directory<\/p>\n
        }<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
    closedir(dir);<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
int mAI<\/a>n() {<\/p>\n
    traverse_directory("\/path\/to\/directory");<\/p>\n
    return 0;<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u68c0\u67e5d_type<\/code>\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd8\u662f\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86.<\/code>\u548c..<\/code>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6761\u76ee\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u627e\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528traverse_directory<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4ee5\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u8003\u8651<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u5728POSIX\u517c\u5bb9\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728Windows\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684API\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
#include <windows.h><\/p>\n
#include <tchar.h><\/p>\n
void traverse_directory_win(const TCHAR *path) {<\/p>\n
    WIN32_FIND_DATA findFileData;<\/p>\n
    HANDLE hFind = FindFirstFile(path, &findFileData);<\/p>\n
    if (hFind == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {<\/p>\n
        _tprintf(TEXT("FindFirstFile failed (%d)\\n"), GetLastError());<\/p>\n
        return;<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
    do {<\/p>\n
        if (findFileData.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {<\/p>\n
            _tprintf(TEXT("Directory: %s\\n"), findFileData.cFileName);<\/p>\n
            \/\/ \u5982\u6709\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u53ef\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528traverse_directory_win<\/p>\n
        } else {<\/p>\n
            _tprintf(TEXT("File: %s\\n"), findFileData.cFileName);<\/p>\n
        }<\/p>\n
    } while (FindNextFile(hFind, &findFileData) != 0);<\/p>\n
    FindClose(hFind);<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7528FindFirstFile<\/code>\u6765\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u4e2a\u641c\u7d22\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528FindNextFile<\/code>\u6765\u904d\u5386\u627e\u5230\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u51fd\u6570FindClose<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u5173\u95ed\u641c\u7d22\u53e5\u67c4\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fWindows\u7279\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5b8f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u975eWindows\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u7f16\u8bd1\u6216\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6240\u6709\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5728C\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u904d\u5386\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6dfb\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406<\/a>\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Q1: C \u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u904d\u5386\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
A1: \u5728 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 dirent.h \u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684 opendir()\u3001readdir() \u548c closedir() \u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u904d\u5386\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 opendir() \u51fd\u6570\u6253\u5f00\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 readdir() \u51fd\u6570\u8bfb\u53d6\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u9879\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u8fd4\u56de NULL \u8868\u793a\u5df2\u7ecf\u904d\u5386\u5b8c\u6bd5\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u9879\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 stat() \u6216 lstat() \u51fd\u6570\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u6743\u9650\u7b49\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 closedir() \u51fd\u6570\u5173\u95ed\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n
Q2: \u600e\u6837\u4f7f\u7528 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u7a0b\u6765\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u904d\u5386\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
A2: \u8981\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u904d\u5386\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u5148\u4f7f\u7528 opendir() \u6253\u5f00\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 readdir() \u8bfb\u53d6\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9879\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 stat() \u6216 lstat() \u83b7\u53d6\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9879\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u5219\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u904d\u5386\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 closedir() \u51fd\u6570\u5173\u95ed\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n
Q3: \u5728 C \u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u9650\u5236\u904d\u5386\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
A3: \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u9650\u5236\u904d\u5386\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6df1\u5ea6\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u521d\u59cb\u6df1\u5ea6\u4e3a 0\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u52a0 1\u3002\u5728\u9012\u5f52\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\uff0c\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u81ea\u8eab\u4e4b\u524d\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u6df1\u5ea6\u662f\u5426\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u9650\u5236\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u9650\u5236\u6df1\u5ea6\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u518d\u7ee7\u7eed\u9012\u5f52\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u63a7\u5236\u904d\u5386\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f53\u524d\u6df1\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u6df1\u5ea6\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"C\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u7a0b\u904d\u5386\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ea4\u4e92\u3001\u83b7\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7684\u5173\u952e\u51fd\u6570\u4e3aopendir()\u3001re […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":311582,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311564"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=311564"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/311564\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/311582"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=311564"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=311564"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=311564"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}