{"id":309568,"date":"2024-05-20T21:29:18","date_gmt":"2024-05-20T13:29:18","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-05-20T21:29:34","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T13:29:34","slug":"java-%e5%90%8e%e5%8f%b0%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e8%8e%b7%e5%8f%96%e7%99%bb%e5%bd%95%e4%bf%a1%e6%81%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/309568.html","title":{"rendered":"java \u540e\u53f0\u600e\u4e48\u83b7\u53d6\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"java<\/p>\n

Java\u540e\u53f0\u83b7\u53d6\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5305\u62ec\u8bfb\u53d6Session\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u91c7\u7528Cookie\u3001\u5229\u7528HTTP Header\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528OAuth\u3001JWT\u7b49\u4ee4\u724c\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0cSession<\/strong> \u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u3001\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u4f9d\u8d56\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0Session\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u540e\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aSession\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2aSession\u5bf9\u8c61\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684ID\uff08\u5373Session ID\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2aSession\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\u3002Session ID\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5Cookie\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002\u6b64\u540e\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5728\u968f\u540e\u7684\u6bcf\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u90fd\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u8fd9\u4e2aSession ID\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u5230Session ID\u540e\u5c31\u80fd\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684Session\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u53ea\u8981Session\u6ca1\u6709\u8fc7\u671f\u6216\u88ab\u9500\u6bc1\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5c31\u65e0\u9700\u91cd\u590d\u767b\u5f55\u3002Session\u673a\u5236\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5355\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u6709Session\u590d\u5236\u673a\u5236\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u96c6\u7fa4\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001SESSION\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Session\u3002\u5728Java\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7HttpServletRequest<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684getSession<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u7684HttpSession<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u64cd\u4f5cSession\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u83b7\u53d6Session\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e76\u8bfb\u53d6\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

HttpSession session = request.getSession();<\/p>\n
User user = (User) session.getAttribute("LOGGEDIN_USER");<\/p>\n
if (user != null) {<\/p>\n
    \/\/ \u7528\u6237\u5df2\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u5230Session\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
HttpSession session = request.getSession(true);<\/p>\n
session.setAttribute("LOGGEDIN_USER", user);<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001COOKIE\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Cookie\u662f\u7531\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u7528\u6237\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7684\u4e00\u5c0f\u5757\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u518d\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u88ab\u643a\u5e26\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002Cookie\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u5e76\u53d1\u9001Cookie\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Cookie cookie = new Cookie("user", "userID");<\/p>\n
cookie.setMaxAge(60*60*24); \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6eCookie\u6709\u6548\u671f\u4e3a24\u5c0f\u65f6<\/p>\n
response.addCookie(cookie);<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ece\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6Cookie\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();<\/p>\n
if (cookies != null) {<\/p>\n
    for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {<\/p>\n
        if ("user".equals(cookie.getName())) {<\/p>\n
            String userId = cookie.getValue();<\/p>\n
            \/\/ \u6839\u636euserId\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n
        }<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001HTTP AUTHENTICATION<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
HTTP\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6216\u6458\u8981\u8ba4\u8bc1\u673a\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7HTTP\u5934\u6765\u4f20\u9012\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5728HTTP\u5934\u4e2d\u52a0\u5165\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
HTTP\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
String authHeader = request.getHeader("Authorization");<\/p>\n
if (authHeader != null) {<\/p>\n
    String encodedValue = authHeader.split(" ")[1];<\/p>\n
    String decodedValue = new String(Base64.getDecoder().decode(encodedValue));<\/p>\n
    String[] userDetAI<\/a>ls = decodedValue.split(":");<\/p>\n
    String username = userDetails[0];<\/p>\n
    String password = userDetails[1];<\/p>\n
    \/\/ \u6267\u884c\u767b\u5f55\u8ba4\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4ee4\u724c\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3Web\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8eToken\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u673a\u5236\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u5e94\u7528\u6216\u5355\u9875\u5e94\u7528\uff08SPA\uff09\u65f6\u3002\u4ee4\u724c\u673a\u5236\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528JWT\uff08JSON Web Tokens\uff09\u6216OAuth\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528JWT\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
String jwtToken = request.getHeader("Authorization");<\/p>\n
if (jwtToken != null && jwtToken.startsWith("Bearer ")) {<\/p>\n
    jwtToken = jwtToken.substring(7);<\/p>\n
    Claims claims = Jwts.parser()<\/p>\n
        .setSigningKey(DatatypeConverter.parseBase64Binary(secretKey))<\/p>\n
        .parseClaimsJws(jwtToken)<\/p>\n
        .getBody();<\/p>\n
    \/\/ \u4eceClaims\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
OAuth2.0\u6388\u6743\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
OAuth\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u653e\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u6388\u6743\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u81ea\u6709\u4fe1\u606f\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u544a\u8bc9\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e94\u7528\u3002OAuth2.0\u662fOAuth\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\u7248\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u901a\u5e38\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2aOAuth\u670d\u52a1\u7684SDK\u6216\u5e93\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8ba4\u8bc1\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u62e6\u622a\u5668\u3001\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u7b49\u5b9e\u73b0\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cSpring Security\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5168\u9762\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u8ba4\u8bc1\u4e0e\u6388\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5229\u7528Spring Security\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u5728Spring Security\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u767b\u5f55\u9a8c\u8bc1\u903b\u8f91<\/p>\n
@Override<\/p>\n
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {<\/p>\n
    auth.inMemoryAuthentication()<\/p>\n
        .withUser("user").password(passwordEncoder().encode("password")).roles("USER");<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Java\u540e\u53f0\u83b7\u53d6\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5bc6\u7801\u548c\u654f\u611f\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u5e94\u4ee5\u660e\u6587\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f20\u8f93\u6216\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5e94\u8be5\u91c7\u7528HTTPS\u7b49\u52a0\u5bc6\u534f\u8bae\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8eSession\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5e94\u786e\u4fddSession ID\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u907f\u514dSession\u52ab\u6301\u3002\u91c7\u7528Token\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0cToken\u7684\u751f\u6210\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u52a0\u5bc6\u6280\u672f\u6765\u9632\u6b62Token\u88ab\u7be1\u6539\u6216\u8005\u4f2a\u9020\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5728Java\u540e\u53f0\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
  • \n
    \u95ee\u9898\uff1aJava\u540e\u53f0\u5982\u4f55\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\uff1f
    \n\u56de\u7b54\uff1a\u5728Java\u540e\u53f0\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \u4f7f\u7528Session\u5bf9\u8c61\uff1a\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6210\u529f\u767b\u5f55\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728Session\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u901a\u8fc7Session\u5bf9\u8c61\u83b7\u53d6\u8be5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n
    2. \u4f7f\u7528Cookie\uff1a\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6210\u529f\u767b\u5f55\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728Cookie\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u901a\u8fc7Cookie\u5bf9\u8c61\u83b7\u53d6\u8be5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n
    3. \u4f7f\u7528Token\uff1a\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6210\u529f\u767b\u5f55\u540e\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684Token\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u524d\u7aef\uff0c\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u901a\u8fc7Token\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n
    4. \u4f7f\u7528Spring Security\uff1aSpring Security\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u96c6\u6210\u5230Java\u540e\u53f0\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bb8\u591a\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n
    5. \n
      \u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eceJava\u540e\u53f0\u83b7\u53d6\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\uff1f
      \n\u56de\u7b54\uff1a\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u670d\u52a1\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f7f\u7528OAuth 2.0\u6216OpenID Connect\u7b49\u3002
      \n\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed9Java\u540e\u53f0\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
    6. \n
      \u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fdd\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1f
      \n\u56de\u7b54\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u62a4\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u53d6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u63aa\u65bd\uff1a<\/p>\n
        \n
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