{"id":309233,"date":"2024-05-20T21:20:54","date_gmt":"2024-05-20T13:20:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/309233.html"},"modified":"2024-05-20T21:21:05","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T13:21:05","slug":"knn%e7%ae%97%e6%b3%95%e4%b8%adk%e6%98%af-%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e5%86%b3%e5%ae%9a%e7%9a%84-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/309233.html","title":{"rendered":"KNN\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2dK\u662f \u600e\u4e48\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"KNN\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2dK\u662f<\/p>\n

K-\u8fd1\u90bb\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08K-Nearest Neighbor, KNN\uff09\u4e2d\u7684K\u8868\u793a\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u6216\u56de\u5f52\u65f6\u53c2\u8003\u7684\u6700\u8fd1\u90bb\u6837\u672c\u6570\u3002K\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684K\u503c\u80fd\u591f\u6355\u6349\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u8f83\u5927\u7684K\u503c\u524a\u5f31\u4e86\u566a\u58f0\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3001\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u9009\u62e9K\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u57df\u77e5\u8bc6\u5f15\u5bfc\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u5272\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e3a\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\uff0c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684K\u503c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u9009\u62e9\u8868\u73b0\u6700\u597d\u7684\u90a3\u4e2aK\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728k-\u6298\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5747\u5206\u6210k\u4e2a\u5b50\u96c6\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u7528\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u96c6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\uff0c\u91cd\u590dk\u6b21\uff0c\u5e76\u5e73\u5747\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ee5\u51b3\u5b9a\u6700\u4f18\u7684K\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001KNN\u7b97\u6cd5\u6982\u8ff0<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

KNN\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u7c7b\u548c\u56de\u5f52\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u7b80\u5355\uff1a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u672a\u5206\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5ea6\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\uff08\u5982\u6b27\u5f0f\u8ddd\u79bb\u6216\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u8ddd\u79bb\uff09\u5bfb\u627e\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u4e2d\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u7684K\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u3002\u5728\u5206\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9K\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u6b21\u6570\u6700\u591a\u7684\u7c7b\u522b\u5c06\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9884\u6d4b\u5206\u7c7b\uff1b\u5728\u56de\u5f52\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\uff0c\u5219\u901a\u5e38\u53d6\u8fd9K\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9884\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

KNN\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u5305\u62ec\u6a21\u578b\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f02\u5e38\u503c\u4e0d\u654f\u611f\u548c\u65e0\u6570\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u5047\u5b9a\u7b49\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5408\u7684K\u503c\u5bf9\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002K\u503c\u592a\u5c0f\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u53d7\u566a\u58f0\u5f71\u54cd\u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u800cK\u503c\u592a\u5927\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6a21\u578b\u65e0\u6cd5\u6355\u6349\u5230\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001K\u503c\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

K\u503c\u5bf9\u4e8eKNN\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u6548\u679c\u6709\u7740\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684K\u503c<\/strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u7d27\u8d34\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6355\u6349\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u5ea6\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u654f\u611f\u4e8e\u566a\u58f0\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\u62df\u5408\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u8f83\u5927\u7684K\u503c<\/strong>\u5219\u80fd\u5e73\u6ed1\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\uff0c\u5bf9\u566a\u58f0\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u70b9\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5bb9\u5fcd\u5ea6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u8fc7\u62df\u5408\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u4f46\u8fc7\u5927\u7684K\u503c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6a21\u578b\u65e0\u6cd5\u5145\u5206\u6355\u6349\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5c40\u90e8\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u53d1\u751f\u6b20\u62df\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0cK\u503c\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u9700\u8981\u5e73\u8861\u504f\u5dee\uff08bias\uff09\u548c\u65b9\u5dee\uff08variance\uff09\u7684\u6743\u8861\u3002\u504f\u5dee\u6307\u7684\u662f\u9884\u6d4b\u503c\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u503c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\uff0c\u65b9\u5dee\u5219\u662f\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u654f\u611f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001K\u503c\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong>\u662f\u9009\u62e9K\u503c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684K\u503c\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u6b21\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u5e76\u57fa\u4e8e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\u4e0a\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5728KNN\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u7559\u51fa\u6cd5\uff08Hold-out cross validation\uff09\u3001k-\u6298\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff08k-fold cross validation\uff09\u6216\u7559\u4e00\u6cd5\uff08Leave-one-out cross validation\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\u4e5f\u662f\u9009\u5b9aK\u503c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6837\u672c\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u6839\u4f5c\u4e3aK\u503c\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6839\u636e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u5bf9K\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684K\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u7c7b\u522b\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684K\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u6709\u4e9b\u7c7b\u522b\u4e0d\u5e73\u8861\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5927\u7684K\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u57df\u77e5\u8bc6<\/strong>\u540c\u6837\u5bf9\u9009\u62e9K\u503c\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4e13\u5bb6\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u6709\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ecf\u9a8c\u77e5\u9053\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u7684K\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u7ed3\u5408\u6848\u4f8b\u7406\u89e3K\u503c\u7684\u9009\u53d6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

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\u4e94\u3001K\u503c\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u8c03\u6574\u6280\u5de7<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\u6765\u8c03\u6574K\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u6570\u636e\u5206\u5e03<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u7c7b\u522b\u662f\u4e0d\u5747\u8861\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c0f\u7684K\u503c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5c11\u6570\u7c7b\u522b\u88ab\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7c7b\u522b\u6240\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u9002\u5f53\u589e\u52a0K\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u8ddd\u79bb\u5ea6\u91cf<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u5ea6\u91cf\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u6700\u8fd1\u90bb\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u5728\u9009\u62e9K\u503c\u65f6\u8003\u8651\u5728\u5185\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u9ad8\u7ef4\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u6b27\u5f0f\u8ddd\u79bb\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u4f73\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u66fc\u54c8\u987f\u8ddd\u79bb\u6216\u4f59\u5f26\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff1a\u8f83\u5927\u7684K\u503c\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u95f4\u505a\u51fa\u6743\u8861\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u603b\u7ed3\u8d77\u6765\uff0cK\u503c\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6ca1\u6709\u56fa\u5b9a\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7279\u6027\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\u4ed4\u7ec6\u6743\u8861\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u7684K\u503c\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u63d0\u5347KNN\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

    KNN\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0cK\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

    1. K\u503c\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4ec0\u4e48\u56e0\u7d20\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u5728KNN\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0cK\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002K\u503c\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4e3b\u8981\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n

      \u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u8f83\u5c0f\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684K\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u8fc7\u62df\u5408\uff1b\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\uff0c\u8f83\u5927\u7684K\u503c\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u5206\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u95ee\u9898\u975e\u5e38\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u8f83\u5927\u7684K\u503c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u8f83\u597d\u5730\u6355\u6349\u5230\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\uff1a\u8f83\u5927\u7684K\u503c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8fd1\u90bb\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      2. \u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9K\u503c\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u9009\u62e9K\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \n

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      • \n

        \u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6cd5\uff1a\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5206\u4e3a\u8bad\u7ec3\u96c6\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u96c6\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684K\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u8868\u73b0\u6700\u4f73\u7684K\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u5ba2\u89c2\u5730\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e0d\u540cK\u503c\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u7f51\u683c\u641c\u7d22\u6cd5\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u904d\u5386\u4e0d\u540c\u7684K\u503c\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u4ea4\u53c9\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u6700\u4f73\u7684K\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u8ddd\u79bb\u56fe\u6cd5\uff1a\u7ed8\u5236\u4e0d\u540cK\u503c\u4e0b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u4e0eK\u503c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u56fe\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u4e0b\u964d\u8f83\u6162\u7684K\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6700\u4f73K\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u9009\u62e9K\u503c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e3b\u89c2\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6743\u8861\u548c\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"K-\u8fd1\u90bb\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08K-Nearest Neighbor, KNN\uff09\u4e2d\u7684K\u8868\u793a\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u6216\u56de\u5f52\u65f6\u53c2\u8003\u7684\u6700\u8fd1\u90bb\u6837\u672c\u6570\u3002 […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":309245,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/309233"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=309233"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/309233\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/309245"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=309233"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=309233"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=309233"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}