{"id":29758,"date":"2023-05-15T10:27:08","date_gmt":"2023-05-15T02:27:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/?p=29758"},"modified":"2023-07-30T23:55:01","modified_gmt":"2023-07-30T15:55:01","slug":"linux%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4su%e5%92%8csudo%e7%9a%84%e5%8c%ba%e5%88%ab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/29758.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u547d\u4ee4su\u548csudo\u7684\u533a\u522b"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

su\u5168\u79f0\u662fswitch user\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\u7684\u529f\u80fd.\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6743\u9650\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5148\u83b7\u53d6root\u6743\u9650\u3002\u56e0\u6b64su \u3001su \u2013 \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u5c31\u8bde\u751f\u4e86\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b su \u4e0e su \u2013 \u90fd\u662f\u5207\u6362\u6210root\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

\u4e00\u3001Linux\u547d\u4ee4su\u548csudo\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/strong><\/h2>\n

su\u5168\u79f0\u662fswitch user\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\u7684\u529f\u80fd.
\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6743\u9650\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5148\u83b7\u53d6root\u6743\u9650\u3002\u56e0\u6b64su \u3001su \u2013 \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u5c31\u8bde\u751f\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u540c\u70b9<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b su \u4e0e su \u2013 \u90fd\u662f\u5207\u6362\u6210root\u7528\u6237 \uff08\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8eroot\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9 \u4e0b\u9762\u5c06\u8bb2\u89e3\uff09<\/p>\n

nieyh@nieyh-QTJ5:~$ su<\/p>\n

\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

root@nieyh-QTJ5:\/home\/nieyh#<\/p>\n

nieyh@nieyh-QTJ5:~$ su \u2013<\/p>\n

\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

root@nieyh-QTJ5:\/home\/nieyh#<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u540c\u70b9<\/strong><\/p>\n

su \u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\u5374\u4e0d\u5207\u6362\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883 , su \u2013 \u540c\u662f\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\u4e0e\u5de5\u4f5c\u73af\u5883, \u5982\u679cShell\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u5c06\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u65e0\u6cd5\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

nieyh@nieyh-QTJ5:~$ su<\/p>\n

\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

root@nieyh-QTJ5:\/home\/nieyh# pwd<\/p>\n

\/home\/nieyh<\/p>\n

root@nieyh-QTJ5:\/home\/nieyh# echo $PATH<\/p>\n

\/usr\/local\/sbin:\/usr\/local\/bin:\/usr\/sbin:\/usr\/bin:\/sbin:\/bin:\/usr\/games:\/usr\/local\/games<\/p>\n

root@nieyh-QTJ5:\/home\/nieyh# adb<\/p>\n

\u7a0b\u5e8f \u2018adb\u2019 \u5df2\u5305\u542b\u5728\u4e0b\u5217\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u00a0* adb<\/p>\n

\u00a0* android-tools-adb<\/p>\n

\u8bf7\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff1aapt install <\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305><\/p>\n

nieyh@nieyh-QTJ5:~$ su \u2013 root<\/p>\n

\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

root@nieyh-QTJ5:~# pwd<\/p>\n

\/root<\/p>\n

root@nieyh-QTJ5:~# echo $PATH<\/p>\n

\/usr\/lib\/jvm\/java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64\/bin:\/usr\/lib\/jvm\/java-1.8.0-openjdk-amd64\/jre\/bin:\/usr\/local\/sbin:\/usr\/local\/bin:\/usr\/sbin:\/usr\/bin:\/sbin:\/bin:\/snap\/bin:\/home\/nieyh\/Android\/Sdk\/platform-tools\/:\/home\/nieyh\/Android\/Sdk\/tools\/<\/p>\n

root@nieyh-QTJ5:~# adb<\/p>\n

Android Debug Bridge version 1.0.39<\/p>\n

Revision 3db08f2c6889-android<\/p>\n

Installed as \/home\/nieyh\/Android\/Sdk\/platform-tools\/adb<\/p>\n

global options:<\/p>\n

\u00a0-a\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 listen on all network interfaces, not just localhost<\/p>\n

\u00a0-d\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 use USB device (error if multiple devices connected)<\/p>\n

\u00a0-e\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 use TCP\/IP device (error if multiple TCP\/IP devices available)<\/p>\n

\u00a0-s SERIAL<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 use device with given serial number (overrides $ANDROID_SERIAL)<\/p>\n

\u00a0-p PRODUCT<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 name or path (\u2018angler\u2019\/\u2019out\/target\/product\/angler\u2019);<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 default $ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT<\/p>\n

\u00a0-H\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 name of adb server host [default=localhost]<\/p>\n

\u00a0-P\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 port of adb server [default=5037]<\/p>\n

\u00a0-L SOCKET\u00a0 listen on given socket for adb server [default=tcp:localhost:5037]<\/p>\n

su\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u9020\u5c31\u4e86sudo\u7684\u8bde\u751f<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7 su root<\/strong> \u547d\u4ee4\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u53d6root\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9020\u6210\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u7ed9\u7cfb\u7edf\u9020\u6210\u5371\u9669\u3002
\u4e3a\u4e86\u65e2\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u547d\u4ee4\uff0csudo<\/strong> \u4e5f\u5c31\u4ee5\u6b64\u8bde\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

sudo \u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650 \uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c31\u662f \/etc\/sudoers<\/strong> \u6587\u4ef6\uff09<\/p>\n

#<\/p>\n

# This file MUST be edited with the \u2018visudo\u2019 command as root.<\/p>\n

#<\/p>\n

# Please consider adding local content in \/etc\/sudoers.d\/ instead of<\/p>\n

# directly modifying this file.<\/p>\n

#<\/p>\n

# See the man page for details on how to write a sudoers file.<\/p>\n

#<\/p>\n

Defaults\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 env_reset<\/p>\n

Defaults\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 mail_badpass<\/p>\n

Defaults\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 secure_path=\u201d\/usr\/local\/sbin:\/usr\/local\/bin:\/usr\/sbin:\/usr\/bin:\/sbin:\/bin:\/snap\/bin\u201d<\/p>\n

# Host alias specification<\/p>\n

# User alias specification<\/p>\n

# Cmnd alias specification<\/p>\n

# User privilege specification<\/p>\n

root\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL<\/p>\n

# Members of the admin group may gain root privileges<\/p>\n

%admin ALL=(ALL) ALL<\/p>\n

# Allow members of group sudo to execute any command<\/p>\n

%sudo\u00a0\u00a0 ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL<\/p>\n

# See sudoers(5) for more information on \u201c#include\u201d directives:<\/p>\n

#includedir \/etc\/sudoers.d<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u914d\u7f6e %sudo ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL<\/strong>, sudo \u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u62a5\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n

nieyh@nieyh-QTJ5:~$ sudo apt-get clean<\/p>\n

[sudo] nieyh \u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

nieyh@nieyh-QTJ5:~$<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u6211\u5c06\u914d\u7f6e\u6539\u6210\u8fd9\u6837\u5b50,<\/p>\n

# Allow members of group sudo to execute any command<\/p>\n

%sudo\u00a0\u00a0 ALL=\/sbin\/mount<\/p>\n

#ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL<\/p>\n

\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a<\/p>\n

nieyh@nieyh-QTJ5:~$ sudo apt-get<\/p>\n

[sudo] nieyh \u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e0d\u8d77\uff0c\u7528\u6237 nieyh \u65e0\u6743\u4ee5 root \u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u5728 nieyh-QTJ5 \u4e0a\u6267\u884c \/usr\/bin\/apt-get\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 \/etc\/sudoers<\/strong> \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u9650\u5236\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u5b89\u5168\u53ef\u63a7\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\uff08\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bf7\u81ea\u884c\u767e\u5ea6\u6216\u8005\u7b49\u5f85\u4f5c\u8005\u66f4\u65b0\uff09<\/p>\n

\u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8f83\u597d\u4f7f\u7528sudo\u6765\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u81ea\u5df1\u8bef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7834\u574f\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002
\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u591a\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e3b\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528root\u6743\u9650\u6765\u914d\u7f6e \/etc\/sudoers<\/strong> \u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u6307\u6d3e\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002<\/p>\n

\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8865\u5145\u4e0broot\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u5fd8\u8bb0\u4e86root\u5bc6\u7801, \u5e76\u4e14sudo\u80fd\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u8f83\u9ad8\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801 \uff08\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709root\u6743\u9650\u7684\u8bdd, \u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u6e05\u7a7a\u5bc6\u7801\uff09<\/p>\n

root@nieyh-QTJ5:~# sudo passwd<\/p>\n

\u8f93\u5165\u65b0\u7684 UNIX \u5bc6\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u91cd\u65b0\u8f93\u5165\u65b0\u7684 UNIX \u5bc6\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n

passwd\uff1a\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u66f4\u65b0\u5bc6\u7801<\/p>\n

\u5ef6\u4f38\u9605\u8bfb\uff1a
<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001sudo \u547d\u4ee4<\/strong><\/h2>\n

sudo\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u521d\u8877\u662f\u8ba9 root \u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u8ba9\u51e0\u4e2a\u975e root \u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u4e24\u4e2a\u7279\u6743\u547d\u4ee4\u3002sudo\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u5141\u8bb8\u975e root \u7528\u6237\u6682\u65f6\u5730\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u9ad8\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u6765\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6743\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6dfb\u52a0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u3001\u5220\u9664\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5b89\u88c5\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ba1\u7406\u73b0\u4ee3 Linux \u4e3b\u673a\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n

sudo\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u5141\u8bb8\u975e root \u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e24\u4e2a\u00a0\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u9ad8\u6743\u9650<\/em>\u00a0\u7684\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8282\u7701\u6765\u81ea\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u51cf\u5c11\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u3002sudo\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u5e10\u6237\u5207\u6362\u4e3a root \u7528\u6237\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u975e root \u7528\u6237\u6c38\u8fdc\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u62e5\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u7684 root \u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0csudo\u00a0\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e24\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u63d0\u6743\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fc7\u671f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a 5 \u5206\u949f\u7684\u77ed\u6682\u7684\u63d0\u6743\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u6743\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528\u63d0\u6743\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u00a0sudo -v\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u91cd\u65b0\u9a8c\u8bc1 root \u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u63d0\u6743\u65f6\u95f4\u518d\u5ef6\u957f 5 \u5206\u949f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"su\u5168\u79f0\u662fswitch user\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u5207\u6362\u7528\u6237\u7684\u529f\u80fd.\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6743\u9650\u53bb\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5148\u83b7\u53d6r […]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29759,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29758"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=29758"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29758\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/29759"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=29758"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=29758"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=29758"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}