{"id":292538,"date":"2024-05-20T14:21:21","date_gmt":"2024-05-20T06:21:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/292538.html"},"modified":"2024-05-20T14:21:46","modified_gmt":"2024-05-20T06:21:46","slug":"java-%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/292538.html","title":{"rendered":"java \u5982\u4f55\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"java<\/p>\n

Java\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528JDBC\uff08Java Database Connectivity\uff09\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u52a0\u8f7dJDBC\u9a71\u52a8\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u6267\u884cSQL\u8bed\u53e5\u3001\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/strong>\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u76ee\u6807\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684URL\u3001\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5229\u7528DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password)<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u52a0\u8f7dJDBC\u9a71\u52a8<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6240\u9700\u7684JDBC\u9a71\u52a8\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8fde\u63a5MySQL\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u8f7dcom.mysql.jdbc.Driver<\/code>\u9a71\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

try {<\/p>\n
    Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");<\/p>\n
    System.out.println("\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8\u52a0\u8f7d\u6210\u529f\uff01");<\/p>\n
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {<\/p>\n
    e.printStackTrace();<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u52a0\u8f7d\u9a71\u52a8\u662f\u544a\u8bc9Java\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5982\u4f55\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5382\u5546\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86JDBC\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u7c7b\u5e93\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Class.forName()<\/code>\u6765\u52a0\u8f7d\u9a71\u52a8\u7c7b\uff0c\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u9759\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u4fbf\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u6ce8\u518cJDBC\u9a71\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u52a0\u8f7d\u5b8cJDBC\u9a71\u52a8\u540e\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u4f7f\u7528DriverManager.getConnection()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u6b64\u65b9\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684URL\u3001\u7528\u6237\u540d\u53ca\u5bc6\u7801\uff0c\u82e5\u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2aConnection<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Connection conn = null;<\/p>\n
try {<\/p>\n
    conn = DriverManager.getConnection(<\/p>\n
            "jdbc:mysql:\/\/localhost:3306\/\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u540d?useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf8",<\/p>\n
            "\u7528\u6237\u540d",<\/p>\n
            "\u5bc6\u7801");<\/p>\n
    System.out.println("\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u529f\uff01");<\/p>\n
} catch (SQLException e) {<\/p>\n
    e.printStackTrace();<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93URL\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u4e3b\u673a\u5730\u5740\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u53ca\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9e\u4f8b\u540d\u3002\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e9b\u8fde\u63a5\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5173\u95edSSL\u9a8c\u8bc1useSSL=false<\/code>\u6216\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b57\u7b26\u7f16\u7801characterEncoding=utf8<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u6267\u884cSQL\u8bed\u53e5<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u65e6\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528Statement<\/code>\u6216PreparedStatement<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u6267\u884cSQL\u8bed\u53e5\u4e86\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u67e5\u8be2\uff08SELECT\uff09\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\uff08UPDATE\u3001INSERT\u3001DELETE\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Statement stmt = null;<\/p>\n
ResultSet rs = null;<\/p>\n
try {<\/p>\n
    stmt = conn.createStatement();<\/p>\n
    rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM \u8868\u540d");<\/p>\n
    while (rs.next()) {<\/p>\n
        \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
} catch (SQLException e) {<\/p>\n
    e.printStackTrace();<\/p>\n
} finally {<\/p>\n
    \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u8d44\u6e90<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6267\u884cSQL\u8bed\u53e5\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0cResultSet<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u4ee3\u8868SQL\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5faa\u73af\u904d\u5386ResultSet<\/code>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u5173\u95ed\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fde\u63a5\u662f\u4e2a\u597d\u4e60\u60ef\u3002\u8fd9\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u91ca\u653e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u9732\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5173\u95edResultSet<\/code>\u3001Statement<\/code>\u548cConnection<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
try {<\/p>\n
    if (rs != null) rs.close();<\/p>\n
    if (stmt != null) stmt.close();<\/p>\n
    if (conn != null) conn.close();<\/p>\n
} catch (SQLException e) {<\/p>\n
    e.printStackTrace();<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Java7\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528try-with-resources\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86AutoCloseable<\/code>\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7b80\u5316\u8d44\u6e90\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0cJava\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e00\u4e0d\u53ef\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5c06\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7f16\u7a0b\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u52a0\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u76f8\u5173\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
1. \u8bf7\u95ee\u5728Java\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u8fde\u63a5\u5e76\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
Java\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528JDBC\uff08Java Database Connectivity\uff09\u6765\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u5199Java\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n