{"id":265143,"date":"2024-05-15T16:02:30","date_gmt":"2024-05-15T08:02:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/265143.html"},"modified":"2024-05-15T16:02:35","modified_gmt":"2024-05-15T08:02:35","slug":"java-%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae%e4%bb%a3%e7%a0%81%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e9%97%b4%e9%80%9a%e4%bf%a1%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/265143.html","title":{"rendered":"java \u9879\u76ee\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u600e\u4e48\u5b9e\u73b0"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"java<\/p>\n

\u5728Java\u9879\u76ee\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\uff08IPC\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\uff08Socket\u901a\u4fe1\uff09\u3001\u7ba1\u9053\uff08Pipes\uff09\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u53ca\u8de8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684API\u8c03\u7528<\/strong>\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u6709\u5176\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002\u4ee5\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u901a\u4fe1<\/strong>\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8de8\u7f51\u7edc\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u540c\u673a\u5668\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u673a\u5668\u95f4\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u517c\u5bb9TCP\u548cUDP\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u901a\u4fe1\uff08Socket Communication\uff09<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/strong>\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002Java\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86java.net.Socket<\/code>\u7c7b\u548cjava.net.ServerSocket<\/code>\u7c7b\u6765\u5206\u522b\u5b9e\u73b0\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u521b\u5efa\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefSocket\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684Socket\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aSocket<\/code>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Socket<\/code>\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

Socket socket = new Socket("hostname", 1234);<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528getOutputStream()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6OutputStream<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();<\/p>\n
os.write(data);<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528getInputStream()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6InputStream<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();<\/p>\n
int receivedData = is.read();<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5f00\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aefSocket\u670d\u52a1<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528ServerSocket<\/code>\u7c7b\u6765\u76d1\u542c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(1234);<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7accept()<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684Socket<\/code>\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u901a\u4fe1\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ea4\u6362\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u7ba1\u9053\u901a\u4fe1\uff08Pipes\uff09<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u7ba1\u9053<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5178\u578b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u4fe1\u3002Java\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528PipedOutputStream<\/code>\u548cPipedInputStream<\/code>\u7c7b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ba1\u9053\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u9053\u8f93\u5165\/\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aPipedOutputStream<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e8c\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aPipedInputStream<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u4e24\u8005\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
PipedOutputStream pos = new PipedOutputStream();<\/p>\n
PipedInputStream pis = new PipedInputStream(pos);<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7PipedOutputStream<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u7ba1\u9053\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7PipedInputStream<\/code>\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
pos.write(data);<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
int receivedData = pis.read();<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\uff08Shared Memory\uff09<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u7247\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8bfb\u5199\u8fd9\u7247\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5176\u4ed6\u901a\u4fe1\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u5728Java\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u6620\u5c04\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u5373MappedByteBuffer<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u4ef6\u6620\u5c04<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
Java NIO\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86FileChannel<\/code>\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7MaPMO<\/a>de<\/code>\u6307\u5b9a\u6620\u5c04\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
RandomAccessFile file = new RandomAccessFile("shared.dat", "rw");<\/p>\n
FileChannel channel = file.getChannel();<\/p>\n
MappedByteBuffer buffer = channel.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, size);<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u5199<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528MappedByteBuffer<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u901a\u8fc7\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u5199\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u5199\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
buffer.put(data);<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u8bfb\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
byte readData = buffer.get(index);<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\uff08Semaphores\uff09<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bf9\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002Java\u4e2d\u7684java.util.concurrent.Semaphore<\/code>\u7c7b\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u540c\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u6709\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u6570\u91cf\u7684Semaphore<\/code>\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u540c\u65f6\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(permits);<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u524d\u83b7\u53d6\u8bb8\u53ef\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u540e\u91ca\u653e\u8bb8\u53ef\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bb8\u53ef<\/p>\n
semaphore.acquire();<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u6267\u884c\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n
\/\/ ...<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u91ca\u653e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bb8\u53ef<\/p>\n
semaphore.release();<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08File System\uff09<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u4ea4\u6362\u4fe1\u606f\u3002Java\u7684java.io<\/code>\u5305\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u5199<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ea4\u6362\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5219\u4ece\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
FileWriter writer = new FileWriter("data.txt");<\/p>\n
writer.write(data);<\/p>\n
writer.close();<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
FileReader reader = new FileReader("data.txt");<\/p>\n
int dataReceived = reader.read();<\/p>\n
reader.close();<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5236\uff0cJava\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u548c\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u96c6\u6210\u5230Java\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u53bb\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u548c\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
1. \u5982\u4f55\u5728Java\u9879\u76ee\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\uff1f<\/strong>
\n\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u662f\u5728Java\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u4ee5\u53ca\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u3002\u6709\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5171\u4eab\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u4eab\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u3002\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u5305\u62ecActiveMQ\u548cRabbitMQ\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684API\u548c\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f7f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u4fbf\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Socket\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7f16\u7a0b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5efa\u7acb\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u53cc\u5411\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u6280\u672f\u9002\u7528\u4e8eJava\u9879\u76ee\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff1f<\/strong>
\n\u5728Java\u9879\u76ee\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4f9b\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n
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