{"id":173206,"date":"2024-05-08T18:06:28","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T10:06:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/173206.html"},"modified":"2024-05-08T18:06:33","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T10:06:33","slug":"python%e7%9a%84init%ef%bc%8cget%ef%bc%8cset%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%e5%8f%af%e4%bb%a5%e8%87%aa%e5%8a%a8%e7%94%9f%e6%88%90%e5%90%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/173206.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u7684init\uff0cget\uff0cset\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u5417"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u7684init\uff0cget\uff0cset\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u5417\"<\/p>\n

Python\u7684__init__<\/code>\u3001__get__<\/code>\u3001__set__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9IDE\u5de5\u5177\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u7c7b\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002IDE\u5de5\u5177\u5982PyCharm\u3001Visual Studio Code\u7b49\u63d0\u4f9b\u4ee3\u7801\u8865\u5168\u4e0e\u6a21\u677f\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u4e00\u4e9bPython\u5e93\u5229\u7528\u5143\u7f16\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\u6765\u7b80\u5316\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u751f\u6210\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c__init__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u8d1f\u8d23\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c__get__<\/code>\u548c__set__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u5199\u6548\u7387\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528IDE\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8f91\u5668<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u5f88\u591a\u96c6\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff08IDE\uff09\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u4e3aPython\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u6210\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5229\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \n

    \u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210__init__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u521b\u5efa\u7c7b\u540e\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u51e0\u4e2a\u70b9\u51fb\u6216\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5feb\u6377\u952e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u80fd\u4e3a\u6240\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7c7b\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u542b\u6709\u6240\u6709\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5__init__<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5229\u7528\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u751f\u6210__get__<\/code>\u548c__set__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u63d2\u5165\u5b9a\u5236\u7684__get__<\/code>\u548c__set__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u7a0d\u4f5c\u4fee\u6539\u5373\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u5c5e\u6027\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528Python\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u7b80\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\u751f\u6210<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

    Python\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210__get__<\/code>\u548c__set__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n

      \u63d0\u4f9b\u5c5e\u6027\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u7b80\u5316\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u5bf9\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u7684@property<\/code>\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u6765\u521b\u5efagetter\u548csetter\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c__get__<\/code>\u548c__set__<\/code>\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5c5e\u6027\u63a7\u5236\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u7ec6\u81f4\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

      \u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\uff08\u5982attrs<\/code>\u3001pydantic<\/code>\u7b49\uff09\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210__init__<\/code>\u3001__get__<\/code>\u548c__set__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \n

        \u4f7f\u7528attrs<\/code>\u5e93\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

        attrs<\/code>\u5e93\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u58f0\u660e\u7c7b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa__init__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u7c7b\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u901a\u8fc7pydantic<\/code>\u5e93\u6267\u884c\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

        pydantic<\/code>\u5e93\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210__init__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5728\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u56db\u3001\u5229\u7528\u5143\u7f16\u7a0b\u6280\u672f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

        \u5143\u7f16\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7f16\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5b83\u8ba9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u5b9a\u4e49\u5982\u4f55\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \n

          \u4f7f\u7528metaclass\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u7c7b\u5143\u7f16\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528metaclass\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u52a8\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7c7b\u751f\u6210__init__<\/code>\u3001__get__<\/code>\u548c__set__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u5229\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u6ce8\u89e3\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \u5229\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u6ce8\u89e3\uff08type annotations\uff09\u548c\u67d0\u4e9b\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u6839\u636e\u6ce8\u89e3\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e0e\u5c5e\u6027\u8bbf\u95ee\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u4e94\u3001\u7ed3\u5408\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u63d2\u4ef6\u548c\u5b8f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

          \u90e8\u5206\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u63d2\u4ef6\u6216\u5b8f\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \n

            \u521b\u5efa\u4ee3\u7801\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u677f\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49__init__<\/code>\u3001__get__<\/code>\u548c__set__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6a21\u677f\uff0c\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\uff08\u5982\u547d\u4ee4\u6216\u5feb\u6377\u952e\uff09\u5feb\u901f\u751f\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

          • \n

            \u62d3\u5c55\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u5199\u6548\u7387\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n

            \u7ed3\u5408\u591a\u4e2a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7f16\u5199Python\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\u5927\u5e45\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d\u6027\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u516d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

            \u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210Python\u4e2d\u7684__init__<\/code>\u3001__get__<\/code>\u548c__set__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7IDE\u5de5\u5177\u3001\u88c5\u9970\u5668\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u3001\u5143\u7f16\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\u4ee5\u53ca\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u63d2\u4ef6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u673a\u5236\u5927\u5927\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u5199\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4ee3\u7801\u98ce\u683c\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u548c\u4e13\u4e1a\u6027\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u624b\u52a8\u7f16\u5199\u7279\u5b9a\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u66f4\u6709\u5f39\u6027\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

            \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n

            1. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7684__init__\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

            __init__\u65b9\u6cd5\u662fPython\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49__init__\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e3a\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5c5e\u6027\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u5165\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u540e\u5373\u5177\u5907\u4e00\u4e9b\u521d\u59cb\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

            2. Python\u4e2d\u7684get\u65b9\u6cd5\u548cset\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f5c\u7528\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

            get\u65b9\u6cd5\u548cset\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u503c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49get\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u5b9a\u4e49set\u65b9\u6cd5\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5bf9\u5c5e\u6027\u8fdb\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

            3. \u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u751f\u6210Python\u7c7b\u7684__init__\u3001get\u548cset\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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