{"id":157787,"date":"2024-05-08T12:38:00","date_gmt":"2024-05-08T04:38:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/157787.html"},"modified":"2024-05-08T12:38:04","modified_gmt":"2024-05-08T04:38:04","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8-javascript-%e4%b8%ad%e5%b0%86%e6%8c%87%e9%92%88%e5%88%86%e9%85%8d%e7%bb%99%e5%af%b9%e8%b1%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/157787.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u5728 JavaScript \u4e2d\u5c06\u6307\u9488\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5bf9\u8c61"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u5728<\/p>\n

JavaScript \u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u7528\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u201c\u6307\u9488\u201d\u3002\u5728 JavaScript \u4e2d\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u6301\u6709\u5bf9\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528<\/strong>\u3001\u8d4b\u503c\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f20\u9012\u5f15\u7528<\/strong>\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\uff08\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5728 JavaScript \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u5982 C \u6216 C++ \u4e2d\uff0c\u6307\u9488\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u7b97\u672f\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u7b49\u3002\u800c\u5728 JavaScript \u4e2d\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u5b58\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531 JavaScript \u5f15\u64ce\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u5f15\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

JavaScript \u4e2d\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u540e\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e86\u5bf9\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

let obj = { name: "Alex" };<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0cobj<\/code> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5bf9\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf obj2<\/code> \u5e76\u5c06 obj<\/code> \u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
let obj2 = obj;<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\uff0cobj2<\/code> \u4e5f\u6301\u6709\u5bf9\u540c\u4e00\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u6307\u9488\u7684\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u590d\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u60c5\u51b5<\/strong>\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4efb\u4e00\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u5f15\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u5f15\u7528\u8d4b\u503c\u884c\u4e3a<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u5f15\u7528\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u539f\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u201c\u522b\u540d\u201d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0a\u7684\u6539\u52a8\u90fd\u4f1a\u53cd\u6620\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u4ee3\u8868\u540c\u4e00\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u4e0a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
obj2.name = "Brian";<\/p>\n
console.log(obj.name); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa "Brian"<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u8bf4\u660e\u4fee\u6539\u901a\u8fc7 obj2<\/code> \u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u4e5f\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86 obj<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u5f15\u7528\u4f20\u9012<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u4f60\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u540c\u6837\u662f\u4f20\u9012\u4e86\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u51fd\u6570\u5185\u90e8\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fee\u6539\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53cd\u6620\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u5916\u90e8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
function updateName(obj) {<\/p>\n
  obj.name = "Charlie";<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
updateName(obj);<\/p>\n
console.log(obj.name); \/\/ \u8f93\u51fa "Charlie"<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u51fd\u6570\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u7528\u6539\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f20\u9012\u673a\u5236\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u9488\u4f20\u9012\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f46\u5728 JavaScript \u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u201c\u6309\u5f15\u7528\u4f20\u9012\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u7c7b\u521b\u5efa\u5f15\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
JavaScript \u8fd8\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6216 ES6 \u5f15\u5165\u7684\u7c7b\u8bed\u6cd5\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf\u603b\u662f\u6301\u6709\u5bf9\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
function Person(name) {<\/p>\n
  this.name = name;<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
let person1 = new Person("David");<\/p>\n
class Animal {<\/p>\n
  constructor(name) {<\/p>\n
    this.name = name;<\/p>\n
  }<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
let animal1 = new Animal("Elephant");<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0cperson1<\/code> \u548c animal1<\/code> \u5206\u522b\u6301\u6709 Person<\/code> \u548c Animal<\/code> \u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u4e4b\u524d\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
JavaScript \u4e2d\u7684\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u673a\u5236\u8d1f\u8d23\u81ea\u52a8\u91ca\u653e\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u53d8\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u5b83\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u53ef\u56de\u6536\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
let obj3 = { name: "Fiona" };<\/p>\n
obj3 = null; \/\/ \u89e3\u9664 obj3 \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u53d8\u4e3a\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7684\u76ee\u6807<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5c06 obj3<\/code> \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a null<\/code> \u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e0d\u518d\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u4e4b\u524d\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c06\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u5783\u573e\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u56de\u6536\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5220\u9664\u6307\u9488\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u6709\u7740\u672c\u8d28\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5b8c\u5168\u7531 JavaScript \u5f15\u64ce\u81ea\u52a8\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728 JavaScript \u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4f20\u7edf\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6307\u9488\u6982\u5ff5<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u6765\u66ff\u4ee3\u6307\u9488\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u719f\u6089\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u5bf9\u7f16\u5199\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u9732\u7684 JavaScript \u4ee3\u7801\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \u7406\u89e3\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u7528\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u8bb0\u4f4f\u5f53\u591a\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0a\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u53e6\u5916\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u8003\u8651\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u4ee5\u5f15\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4f7f\u7528 null<\/code> \u6765\u91ca\u653e\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u5141\u8bb8\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u56de\u6536\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7f16\u5199\u5e72\u51c0\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u9732\u7b49\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
    1. \u5728 JavaScript \u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u7ed9\u5bf9\u8c61\u5206\u914d\u6307\u9488\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \u5728 JavaScript \u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u7528\u6765\u5206\u914d\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u9488\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5206\u914d\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8be5\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n
    2. JavaScript\u4e2d\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u6307\u9488\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \u5728 JavaScript \u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u6309\u5f15\u7528\u4f20\u9012\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6309\u503c\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f53\u4f60\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5c06\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8d4b\u503c\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u590d\u5236\u6574\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0a\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u4e5f\u4f1a\u53cd\u6620\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u800c\u6307\u9488\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6307\u5bf9\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728 JavaScript \u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u6307\u9488\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002<\/p>\n
    3. JavaScript \u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f15\u7528\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \u5728 JavaScript \u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e25\u683c\u76f8\u7b49\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08===\uff09\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5373\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u4eec\u5c06\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u76f8\u7b49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
    let obj1 = { name: 'John' };\nlet obj2 = obj1;\n\nconsole.log(obj1 === obj2); \/\/ true\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
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