{"id":1161622,"date":"2025-01-13T19:18:32","date_gmt":"2025-01-13T11:18:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1161622.html"},"modified":"2025-01-13T19:18:34","modified_gmt":"2025-01-13T11:18:34","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%8f%96%e5%ad%97%e5%85%b8%e7%9a%84%e5%80%bc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1161622.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u503c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u503c\"<\/p>\n

Python \u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u952e\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 get()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u7b49\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u952e\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u503c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 get()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u503c\u3001\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u952e\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u503c\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u952e\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u503c\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u540d\u548c\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
print(my_dict['name'])  # \u8f93\u51fa: Alice<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u7b80\u6d01\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1 KeyError<\/code> \u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u952e\u8bbf\u95ee\u503c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u952e\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u503c\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u548c\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u540d\u548c\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1 KeyError<\/code> \u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
print(my_dict['name'])  # \u8f93\u51fa: Alice<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u597d\u5904\u662f\u7b80\u6d01\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u952e\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u62a5\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 get()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
get()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0cget()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de None<\/code> \u6216\u4f60\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
print(my_dict.get('name'))  # \u8f93\u51fa: Alice<\/p>\n
print(my_dict.get('country', 'USA'))  # \u8f93\u51fa: USA<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 get()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u907f\u514d KeyError<\/code> \u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u7684 items()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
for key, value in my_dict.items():<\/p>\n
    print(f"{key}: {value}")<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 keys()<\/code> \u548c values()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u6216\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 keys()<\/code> \u548c values()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5206\u522b\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u952e\u6216\u503c\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
print(my_dict.keys())  # \u8f93\u51fa: dict_keys(['name', 'age', 'city'])<\/p>\n
print(my_dict.values())  # \u8f93\u51fa: dict_values(['Alice', 25, 'New York'])<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u6216\u503c\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 setdefault()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
setdefault()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u952e\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u6dfb\u52a0\u952e\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
print(my_dict.setdefault('name', 'Unknown'))  # \u8f93\u51fa: Alice<\/p>\n
print(my_dict.setdefault('country', 'USA'))  # \u8f93\u51fa: USA<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York', 'country': 'USA'}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
setdefault()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u503c\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u53cc\u91cd\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u6839\u636e\u73b0\u6709\u5b57\u5178\u751f\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
new_dict = {k: v for k, v in my_dict.items() if k != 'city'}<\/p>\n
print(new_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u5728\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5b57\u5178\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6216\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 collections.defaultdict<\/code><\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
defaultdict<\/code> \u662f collections<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7c7b\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u952e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5f53\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u952e\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from collections import defaultdict<\/p>\n
my_dict = defaultdict(int)<\/p>\n
my_dict['age'] += 1<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: defaultdict(<class 'int'>, {'age': 1})<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
defaultdict<\/code> \u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u9891\u7e41\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u51cf\u5c11\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u516b\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 dict.fromkeys()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
dict.fromkeys()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u952e\u7684\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
keys = ['name', 'age', 'city']<\/p>\n
default_value = 'Unknown'<\/p>\n
my_dict = dict.fromkeys(keys, default_value)<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'name': 'Unknown', 'age': 'Unknown', 'city': 'Unknown'}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u591a\u4e2a\u952e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u76f8\u540c\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e5d\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 pop()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
pop()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u952e\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1 KeyError<\/code> \u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
age = my_dict.pop('age')<\/p>\n
print(age)  # \u8f93\u51fa: 25<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'name': 'Alice', 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
pop()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u503c\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u952e\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u53cc\u91cd\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5341\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 popitem()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
popitem()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b57\u5178\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1 KeyError<\/code> \u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
item = my_dict.popitem()<\/p>\n
print(item)  # \u8f93\u51fa: ('city', 'New York')<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
popitem()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u9010\u4e2a\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 update()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
update()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u66f4\u65b0\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u5982\u679c\u952e\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u66f4\u65b0\u5176\u503c\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
my_dict.update({'city': 'New York', 'age': 26})<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 26, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
update()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u591a\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u6279\u91cf\u66f4\u65b0\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 copy()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
copy()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002\u6d45\u62f7\u8d1d\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u590d\u5236\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
new_dict = my_dict.copy()<\/p>\n
new_dict['age'] = 26<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
print(new_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 26}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
copy()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u5b57\u5178\u526f\u672c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u59cb\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5341\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 deepcopy()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
deepcopy()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002\u6df1\u62f7\u8d1d\u4f1a\u9012\u5f52\u590d\u5236\u6240\u6709\u5d4c\u5957\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import copy<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'detAI<\/a>ls': {'age': 25}}<\/p>\n
new_dict = copy.deepcopy(my_dict)<\/p>\n
new_dict['details']['age'] = 26<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'name': 'Alice', 'details': {'age': 25}}<\/p>\n
print(new_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'name': 'Alice', 'details': {'age': 26}}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
deepcopy()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u5b8c\u5168\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u526f\u672c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5341\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u5305<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u5305\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7b80\u6d01\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def print_info(name, age, city):<\/p>\n
    print(f"Name: {name}, Age: {age}, City: {city}")<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
print_info(my_dict)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u5305\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u53c2\u6570\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5341\u4e94\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5d4c\u5957\u5b57\u5178<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5d4c\u5957\u5b57\u5178\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u8868\u793a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {<\/p>\n
    'person1': {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25},<\/p>\n
    'person2': {'name': 'Bob', 'age': 30}<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
print(my_dict['person1']['name'])  # \u8f93\u51fa: Alice<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5d4c\u5957\u5b57\u5178\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5341\u516d\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 dict<\/code> \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
dict<\/code> \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u591a\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u6216\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = dict(name='Alice', age=25, city='New York')<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
dict<\/code> \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u521b\u5efa\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u7b80\u6d01\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5341\u4e03\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u5305\u62ec keys()<\/code>\u3001values()<\/code> \u548c items()<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u52a8\u6001\u67e5\u770b\u5b57\u5178\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
keys_view = my_dict.keys()<\/p>\n
values_view = my_dict.values()<\/p>\n
items_view = my_dict.items()<\/p>\n
print(keys_view)  # \u8f93\u51fa: dict_keys(['name', 'age', 'city'])<\/p>\n
print(values_view)  # \u8f93\u51fa: dict_values(['Alice', 25, 'New York'])<\/p>\n
print(items_view)  # \u8f93\u51fa: dict_items([('name', 'Alice'), ('age', 25), ('city', 'New York')])<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5728\u4e0d\u590d\u5236\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u52a8\u6001\u67e5\u770b\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5341\u516b\u3001\u5408\u5e76\u5b57\u5178<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5408\u5e76\u5b57\u5178\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 update()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u6216 <\/code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3002\u5728 Python 3.9 \u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 |<\/code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
dict1 = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
dict2 = {'city': 'New York', 'age': 26}<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 update() \u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/h2>\n
dict1.update(dict2)<\/p>\n
print(dict1)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 26, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528  \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/strong><\/h2>\n
merged_dict = {<strong>dict1, <\/strong>dict2}<\/p>\n
print(merged_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 26, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 | \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08Python 3.9 \u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7248\u672c\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n
merged_dict = dict1 | dict2<\/p>\n
print(merged_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 26, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5408\u5e76\u5b57\u5178\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6574\u5408\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5341\u4e5d\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 ==<\/code> \u548c !=<\/code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u662f\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
dict1 = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
dict2 = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
dict3 = {'name': 'Bob', 'age': 30}<\/p>\n
print(dict1 == dict2)  # \u8f93\u51fa: True<\/p>\n
print(dict1 != dict3)  # \u8f93\u51fa: True<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5224\u65ad\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u5341\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5220\u9664<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5220\u9664\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 del<\/code> \u8bed\u53e5\u3001pop()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u548c clear()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 del \u8bed\u53e5\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u952e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
del my_dict['age']<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'name': 'Alice', 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 pop() \u65b9\u6cd5\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u952e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
name = my_dict.pop('name')<\/p>\n
print(name)  # \u8f93\u51fa: Alice<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 clear() \u65b9\u6cd5\u6e05\u7a7a\u5b57\u5178<\/strong><\/h2>\n
my_dict.clear()<\/p>\n
print(my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u7075\u6d3b\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6392\u5e8f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 sorted()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u548c lambda<\/code> \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u952e\u6216\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
\u6839\u636e\u952e\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sorted_by_keys = dict(sorted(my_dict.items()))<\/p>\n
print(sorted_by_keys)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'age': 25, 'city': 'New York', 'name': 'Alice'}<\/p>\n
\u6839\u636e\u503c\u6392\u5e8f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sorted_by_values = dict(sorted(my_dict.items(), key=lambda item: item[1]))<\/p>\n
print(sorted_by_values)  # \u8f93\u51fa: {'name': 'Alice', 'city': 'New York', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u6839\u636e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5bf9\u5b57\u5178\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u65b0\u6392\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u957f\u5ea6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 len()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
print(len(my_dict))  # \u8f93\u51fa: 3<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u5341\u4e09\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6210\u5458\u8d44\u683c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6210\u5458\u8d44\u683c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 in<\/code> \u548c not in<\/code> \u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
print('name' in my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: True<\/p>\n
print('country' not in my_dict)  # \u8f93\u51fa: True<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6210\u5458\u8d44\u683c\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5feb\u901f\u5224\u65ad\u952e\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f18\u5316\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 sys<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u4e2d\u7684 getsizeof()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u5b57\u5178\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import sys<\/p>\n
my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/p>\n
print(sys.getsizeof(my_dict))  # \u8f93\u51fa\u5b57\u5178\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f18\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u4e86\u89e3\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u5341\u4e94\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5b58\u50a8\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5b58\u50a8\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n
config = {'host': 'localhost', 'port': 8080, 'debug': True}<\/p>\n
\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
user_info = {'username': 'alice', 'email': 'alice@example.com'}<\/p>\n
\u5b9e\u73b0\u7f13\u5b58\u673a\u5236<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cache = {}<\/p>\n
def get_data(key):<\/p>\n
    if key in cache:<\/p>\n
        return cache[key]<\/p>\n
    else:<\/p>\n
        data = fetch_data_from_db(key)<\/p>\n
        cache[key] = data<\/p>\n
        return data<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u7528\u9014\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Python \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u952e\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001get()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u3001keys()<\/code> \u548c values()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001setdefault()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u3001defaultdict<\/code>\u3001fromkeys()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001pop()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001popitem()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001update()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001copy()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001deepcopy()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u89e3\u5305\u3001\u5d4c\u5957\u5b57\u5178\u3001dict<\/code> \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u89c6\u56fe\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u5408\u5e76\u5b57\u5178\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5220\u9664\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u6210\u5458\u8d44\u683c\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u5b57\u5178<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u503c\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u952e\u6765\u7d22\u5f15\u5b57\u5178\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178 my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/code>\uff0c\u8981\u83b7\u53d6name<\/code>\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 my_dict['name']<\/code> \u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u662f 'Alice'<\/code>\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u952e\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1 KeyError<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u6709\u6548\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/strong>
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5217\u8868\u63a8\u5bfc\u5f0f\u6216\u5faa\u73af\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u591a\u4e2a\u952e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178 my_dict = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}<\/code>\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u83b7\u53d6name<\/code>\u548ccity<\/code>\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff1avalues = [my_dict[key] for key in ['name', 'city']]<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff1a['Alice', 'New York']<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u5b57\u5178\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u952e\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u9519\u8bef\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b57\u5178\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 get()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u503c\u3002get()<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cmy_dict.get('country', 'Unknown')<\/code> \u5982\u679ccountry<\/code>\u952e\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de'Unknown'<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u56e0\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u952e\u800c\u5d29\u6e83\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python \u53d6\u5b57\u5178\u7684\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u952e\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 get() \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u904d\u5386\u5b57\u5178\u7b49\u3002\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4f7f […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1161629,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1161622"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1161622"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1161622\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1161632,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1161622\/revisions\/1161632"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1161629"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1161622"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1161622"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1161622"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}