{"id":1131536,"date":"2025-01-08T20:49:21","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T12:49:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1131536.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T20:49:24","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T12:49:24","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%ae%89%e8%a3%85%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%89%e6%96%b9%e5%ba%93%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1131536.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88c5\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88c5\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\"<\/p>\n

Python\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88c5\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177pip\u3001\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u6b63\u786e\u3001\u7406\u89e3Python\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong>\u662f\u5b89\u88c5\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528pip\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u63a2\u8ba8\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u53ca\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177pip<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662fpip\uff1f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

pip<\/strong> \u662fPython\u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u4ecePython Package Index\uff08PyPI\uff09\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b89\u88c5\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f7f\u7528pip\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u66f4\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2. \u5b89\u88c5pip<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

\u5927\u591a\u6570\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684Python\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u5df2\u7ecf\u81ea\u5e26pip\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684Python\u7248\u672c\u6ca1\u6709pip\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

python -m ensurepip --upgrade<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86pip\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u5176\u7248\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip --version<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u4f7f\u7528pip\u5b89\u88c5\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install \u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u5b89\u88c5requests\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install requests<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import requests<\/p>\n
print(requests.__version__)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
4. \u5347\u7ea7\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5347\u7ea7\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install --upgrade \u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u5347\u7ea7requests\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install --upgrade requests<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
5. \u5378\u8f7d\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u67d0\u4e2a\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5378\u8f7d\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip uninstall \u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5378\u8f7drequests\u5e93\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip uninstall requests<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u6b63\u786e<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u88ab\u4f60\u7684Python\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u6b63\u786e\u627e\u5230\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\uff0cPython\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u5bfc\u5165\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u7684Python\u8def\u5f84\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import sys<\/p>\n
print(sys.path)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install --target=\/custom\/path \u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c06requests\u5e93\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8def\u5f84\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install --target=\/custom\/path requests<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u4f60\u7684Python\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import sys<\/p>\n
sys.path.append('\/custom\/path')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u7406\u89e3Python\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684Python\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u9694\u79bb\u7684Python\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u7248\u672c\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
python -m venv myenv<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3amyenv<\/code>\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u6fc0\u6d3b\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Windows\u4e0a\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
myenv\\Scripts\\activate<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728macOS\u548cLinux\u4e0a\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
source myenv\/bin\/activate<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u5c06\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6fc0\u6d3b\u7684\u73af\u5883\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4. \u5728\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u5f80\u5e38\u4e00\u6837\u4f7f\u7528pip\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u5c06\u4ec5\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u6709\u6548\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install requests<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
5. \u9000\u51fa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b8c\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u9000\u51fa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
deactivate<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528requirements.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u4f9d\u8d56<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662frequirements.txt\u6587\u4ef6\uff1f<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
requirements.txt<\/strong> \u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u9879\u76ee\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u53ca\u5176\u7248\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u91cd\u73b0\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u521b\u5efarequirements.txt\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u751f\u6210\u9879\u76ee\u7684requirements.txt\u6587\u4ef6\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip freeze > requirements.txt<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u4f7f\u7528requirements.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u4f9d\u8d56<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u65b0\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b89\u88c5requirements.txt\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install -r requirements.txt<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
1. pip\u547d\u4ee4\u672a\u627e\u5230<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6267\u884cpip\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u6536\u5230\u9519\u8bef\u6d88\u606f\u201cpip: command not found\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3apip\u672a\u6b63\u786e\u5b89\u88c5\u6216\u672a\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u91cd\u65b0\u5b89\u88c5pip\uff0c\u6216\u624b\u52a8\u5c06pip\u8def\u5f84\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u5931\u8d25<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u6709\u65f6\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f9d\u8d56\u9879\u7f3a\u5931\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  • \n
    \u786e\u4fdd\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u6b63\u5e38<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u66f4\u65b0pip\u5230\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    pip install --upgrade pip<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u4f7f\u7528\u56fd\u5185\u955c\u50cf\u6e90\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    pip install \u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u540d -i https:\/\/pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn\/simple<\/p>\n
    <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    3. \u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u5bfc\u5165\u5931\u8d25<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u679c\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u6210\u529f\u4f46\u5728\u5bfc\u5165\u65f6\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5Python\u8def\u5f84\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u516d\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5b89\u88c5\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u662fPython\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177pip\u3001\u786e\u4fdd\u5b89\u88c5\u8def\u5f84\u6b63\u786e\u3001\u7406\u89e3Python\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u672c\u6307\u5357\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u987a\u5229\u5730\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\uff1f<\/strong>
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