{"id":1129271,"date":"2025-01-08T20:28:06","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T12:28:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1129271.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T20:28:08","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T12:28:08","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%94%a8python%e6%90%ad%e5%bb%ba%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1129271.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u642d\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\u5982\u4f55\u7528python\u642d\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\"<\/p>\n

\u5982\u4f55\u7528Python\u642d\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5982\u4eca\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u642d\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Python\u642d\u5efa\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5177\u6709\u7b80\u4fbf\u3001\u7075\u6d3b\u3001\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u4f18\u52bf<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f18\u70b9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u9996\u9009\u3002Python\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u5e93\u548c\u6846\u67b6\u751f\u6001\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982Flask\u548cDjango\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u642d\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u66f4\u52a0\u8f7b\u677e\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Python\u642d\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u5c55\u5f00\u8ba8\u8bbaPython\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u642d\u5efa\u4e2d\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u662f\u642d\u5efa\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002Python\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u6d41\u884c\u7684Web\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5982Flask\u3001Django\u548cTornado\u3002Flask\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5c0f\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u548c\u5feb\u901f\u539f\u578b\u5f00\u53d1\u3001Django\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\u3001Tornado\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b9e\u65f6\u5e94\u7528<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

1. Flask<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n

Flask\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684Web\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5c0f\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u548c\u5feb\u901f\u539f\u578b\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5Flask\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

pip install Flask<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u7b80\u5355\u7684Flask\u5e94\u7528\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask import Flask<\/p>\n
app = Flask(__name__)<\/p>\n
@app.route('\/')<\/p>\n
def hello_world():<\/p>\n
    return 'Hello, World!'<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__mAI<\/a>n__':<\/p>\n
    app.run()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. Django<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
Django\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u3001\u5305\u542b\u4f17\u591a\u5185\u7f6e\u529f\u80fd\u7684Web\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u201cbatteries-included\u201d\u54f2\u5b66\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5f00\u7bb1\u5373\u7528\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5982ORM\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u540e\u53f0\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5Django\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install django<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efaDjango\u9879\u76ee\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
django-admin startproject mysite<\/p>\n
cd mysite<\/p>\n
python manage.py runserver<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3. Tornado<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
Tornado\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u963b\u585e\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548cWeb\u5e94\u7528\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5b9e\u65f6\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u5f02\u6b65I\/O\u7279\u6027\u4f7f\u5176\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u8868\u73b0\u4f18\u5f02\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88c5Tornado\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install tornado<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u7b80\u5355\u7684Tornado\u5e94\u7528\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import tornado.ioloop<\/p>\n
import tornado.web<\/p>\n
class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler):<\/p>\n
    def get(self):<\/p>\n
        self.write("Hello, world")<\/p>\n
def make_app():<\/p>\n
    return tornado.web.Application([<\/p>\n
        (r"\/", MainHandler),<\/p>\n
    ])<\/p>\n
if __name__ == "__main__":<\/p>\n
    app = make_app()<\/p>\n
    app.listen(8888)<\/p>\n
    tornado.ioloop.IOLoop.current().start()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u540e\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u5305\u62ec\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u914d\u7f6eWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u548c\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u662f\u5173\u952e\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6709SQLite\u3001MySQL\u548cPostgreSQL\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Flask\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u4ee5SQLite\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask import Flask<\/p>\n
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy<\/p>\n
app = Flask(__name__)<\/p>\n
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:\/\/\/test.db'<\/p>\n
db = SQLAlchemy(app)<\/p>\n
class User(db.Model):<\/p>\n
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)<\/p>\n
    username = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True, nullable=False)<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
    db.create_all()<\/p>\n
    app.run()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
Django\u914d\u7f6e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u4ee5PostgreSQL\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# settings.py<\/p>\n
DATABASES = {<\/p>\n
    'default': {<\/p>\n
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',<\/p>\n
        'NAME': 'mydatabase',<\/p>\n
        'USER': 'mydatabaseuser',<\/p>\n
        'PASSWORD': 'mypassword',<\/p>\n
        'HOST': 'localhost',<\/p>\n
        'PORT': '5432',<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u914d\u7f6eWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u914d\u7f6eWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u90e8\u7f72\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6709Nginx\u548cApache\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u914d\u7f6e\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
server {<\/p>\n
    listen 80;<\/p>\n
    server_name your_domain;<\/p>\n
    location \/ {<\/p>\n
        proxy_pass http:\/\/127.0.0.1:5000;  # Flask\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3<\/p>\n
        proxy_set_header Host $host;<\/p>\n
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;<\/p>\n
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;<\/p>\n
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u4ee5\u9694\u79bb\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4e0d\u540c\u9879\u76ee\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e0d\u51b2\u7a81\u3002virtualenv\u548cvenv\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5b89\u88c5virtualenv<\/p>\n
pip install virtualenv<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/strong><\/h2>\n
virtualenv venv<\/p>\n
\u6fc0\u6d3b\u865a\u62df\u73af\u5883<\/strong><\/h2>\n
source venv\/bin\/activate  # Linux\/Mac<\/p>\n
venv\\Scripts\\activate  # Windows<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
4. \u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002Git\u662f\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7ba1\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\u53d8\u66f4\u3001\u534f\u4f5c\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u521d\u59cb\u5316Git\u4ed3\u5e93\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
git init<\/p>\n
git add .<\/p>\n
git commit -m "Initial commit"<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540e\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5305\u62ec\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u3001API\u5f00\u53d1\u7b49<\/strong>\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u662fWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002Flask\u548cDjango\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Flask\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff08\u4f7f\u7528Flask-Login\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask import Flask, render_template, redirect, url_for, request<\/p>\n
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy<\/p>\n
from flask_login import LoginManager, UserMixin, login_user, login_required, logout_user<\/p>\n
app = Flask(__name__)<\/p>\n
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:\/\/\/test.db'<\/p>\n
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'secretkey'<\/p>\n
db = SQLAlchemy(app)<\/p>\n
login_manager = LoginManager(app)<\/p>\n
class User(UserMixin, db.Model):<\/p>\n
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)<\/p>\n
    username = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True, nullable=False)<\/p>\n
    password = db.Column(db.String(120), nullable=False)<\/p>\n
@login_manager.user_loader<\/p>\n
def load_user(user_id):<\/p>\n
    return User.query.get(int(user_id))<\/p>\n
@app.route('\/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])<\/p>\n
def login():<\/p>\n
    if request.method == 'POST':<\/p>\n
        username = request.form['username']<\/p>\n
        password = request.form['password']<\/p>\n
        user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()<\/p>\n
        if user and user.password == password:<\/p>\n
            login_user(user)<\/p>\n
            return redirect(url_for('dashboard'))<\/p>\n
    return render_template('login.html')<\/p>\n
@app.route('\/dashboard')<\/p>\n
@login_required<\/p>\n
def dashboard():<\/p>\n
    return 'Welcome to your dashboard!'<\/p>\n
@app.route('\/logout')<\/p>\n
@login_required<\/p>\n
def logout():<\/p>\n
    logout_user()<\/p>\n
    return redirect(url_for('login'))<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
    db.create_all()<\/p>\n
    app.run()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
Django\u7528\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# views.py<\/p>\n
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login, logout<\/p>\n
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect<\/p>\n
def login_view(request):<\/p>\n
    if request.method == 'POST':<\/p>\n
        username = request.POST['username']<\/p>\n
        password = request.POST['password']<\/p>\n
        user = authenticate(request, username=username, password=password)<\/p>\n
        if user is not None:<\/p>\n
            login(request, user)<\/p>\n
            return redirect('dashboard')<\/p>\n
    return render(request, 'login.html')<\/p>\n
def dashboard_view(request):<\/p>\n
    return render(request, 'dashboard.html')<\/p>\n
def logout_view(request):<\/p>\n
    logout(request)<\/p>\n
    return redirect('login')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u68c0\u7d22\u548c\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\u3002Python\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u5e93\u548c\u6846\u67b6\u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u53d8\u5f97\u7b80\u5355\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Flask\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\uff08\u4f7f\u7528SQLAlchemy\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask import Flask, request, jsonify<\/p>\n
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy<\/p>\n
app = Flask(__name__)<\/p>\n
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:\/\/\/test.db'<\/p>\n
db = SQLAlchemy(app)<\/p>\n
class Item(db.Model):<\/p>\n
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)<\/p>\n
    name = db.Column(db.String(80), nullable=False)<\/p>\n
    price = db.Column(db.Float, nullable=False)<\/p>\n
@app.route('\/items', methods=['POST'])<\/p>\n
def create_item():<\/p>\n
    data = request.get_json()<\/p>\n
    new_item = Item(name=data['name'], price=data['price'])<\/p>\n
    db.session.add(new_item)<\/p>\n
    db.session.commit()<\/p>\n
    return jsonify({'message': 'Item created'})<\/p>\n
@app.route('\/items', methods=['GET'])<\/p>\n
def get_items():<\/p>\n
    items = Item.query.all()<\/p>\n
    return jsonify([{'name': item.name, 'price': item.price} for item in items])<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
    db.create_all()<\/p>\n
    app.run()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
Django\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# models.py<\/p>\n
from django.db import models<\/p>\n
class Item(models.Model):<\/p>\n
    name = models.CharField(max_length=80)<\/p>\n
    price = models.FloatField()<\/p>\n
views.py<\/strong><\/h2>\n
from django.http import JsonResponse<\/p>\n
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt<\/p>\n
from .models import Item<\/p>\n
@csrf_exempt<\/p>\n
def create_item(request):<\/p>\n
    if request.method == 'POST':<\/p>\n
        data = json.loads(request.body)<\/p>\n
        new_item = Item(name=data['name'], price=data['price'])<\/p>\n
        new_item.save()<\/p>\n
        return JsonResponse({'message': 'Item created'})<\/p>\n
def get_items(request):<\/p>\n
    items = Item.objects.all()<\/p>\n
    return JsonResponse([{'name': item.name, 'price': item.price} for item in items], SAFe<\/a>=False)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3. API\u5f00\u53d1<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
API\u5f00\u53d1\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3Web\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\uff0cFlask\u548cDjango\u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1API\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Flask API\u5f00\u53d1\uff08\u4f7f\u7528Flask-RESTful\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask import Flask, request<\/p>\n
from flask_restful import Resource, Api<\/p>\n
app = Flask(__name__)<\/p>\n
api = Api(app)<\/p>\n
class HelloWorld(Resource):<\/p>\n
    def get(self):<\/p>\n
        return {'hello': 'world'}<\/p>\n
    def post(self):<\/p>\n
        data = request.get_json()<\/p>\n
        return {'you sent': data}, 201<\/p>\n
api.add_resource(HelloWorld, '\/')<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
    app.run()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
Django API\u5f00\u53d1\uff08\u4f7f\u7528Django REST framework\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# serializers.py<\/p>\n
from rest_framework import serializers<\/p>\n
from .models import Item<\/p>\n
class ItemSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):<\/p>\n
    class Meta:<\/p>\n
        model = Item<\/p>\n
        fields = '__all__'<\/p>\n
views.py<\/strong><\/h2>\n
from rest_framework import viewsets<\/p>\n
from .models import Item<\/p>\n
from .serializers import ItemSerializer<\/p>\n
class ItemViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):<\/p>\n
    queryset = Item.objects.all()<\/p>\n
    serializer_class = ItemSerializer<\/p>\n
urls.py<\/strong><\/h2>\n
from django.urls import path, include<\/p>\n
from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouter<\/p>\n
from .views import ItemViewSet<\/p>\n
router = DefaultRouter()<\/p>\n
router.register(r'items', ItemViewSet)<\/p>\n
urlpatterns = [<\/p>\n
    path('', include(router.urls)),<\/p>\n
]<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u540e\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u5305\u62ec\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1. \u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002Python\u7684unittest\u548cpytest\u662f\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6846\u67b6<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Flask\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import unittest<\/p>\n
from app import app, db, User<\/p>\n
class FlaskTestCase(unittest.TestCase):<\/p>\n
    def setUp(self):<\/p>\n
        app.config['TESTING'] = True<\/p>\n
        app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:\/\/\/test.db'<\/p>\n
        self.app = app.test_client()<\/p>\n
        db.create_all()<\/p>\n
    def tearDown(self):<\/p>\n
        db.session.remove()<\/p>\n
        db.drop_all()<\/p>\n
    def test_home(self):<\/p>\n
        response = self.app.get('\/')<\/p>\n
        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)<\/p>\n
        self.assertIn(b'Hello, World!', response.data)<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':<\/p>\n
    unittest.main()<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
Django\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from django.test import TestCase<\/p>\n
from .models import Item<\/p>\n
class ItemTestCase(TestCase):<\/p>\n
    def setUp(self):<\/p>\n
        Item.objects.create(name='Test Item', price=10.0)<\/p>\n
    def test_item_creation(self):<\/p>\n
        item = Item.objects.get(name='Test Item')<\/p>\n
        self.assertEqual(item.price, 10.0)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2. \u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u9ad8\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0b\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u6709Apache JMeter\u548cLocust<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Locust\u8fdb\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from locust import HttpUser, TaskSet, task<\/p>\n
class UserBehavior(TaskSet):<\/p>\n
    @task<\/p>\n
    def index(self):<\/p>\n
        self.client.get("\/")<\/p>\n
class WebsiteUser(HttpUser):<\/p>\n
    tasks = [UserBehavior]<\/p>\n
    min_wait = 5000<\/p>\n
    max_wait = 9000<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3. \u4ee3\u7801\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4ee3\u7801\u4f18\u5316\u662f\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u5305\u62ec\u51cf\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u4f18\u5316\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b49<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
Flask\u4ee3\u7801\u4f18\u5316\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from flask_caching import Cache<\/p>\n
app = Flask(__name__)<\/p>\n
cache = Cache(app, config={'CACHE_TYPE': 'simple'})<\/p>\n
@app.route('\/')<\/p>\n
@cache.cached(timeout=60)<\/p>\n
def index():<\/p>\n
    return 'Hello, World!'<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
Django\u4ee3\u7801\u4f18\u5316\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u7f13\u5b58\uff09\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# settings.py<\/p>\n
CACHES = {<\/p>\n
    'default': {<\/p>\n
        'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.locmem.LocMemCache',<\/p>\n
    }<\/p>\n
}<\/p>\n
views.py<\/strong><\/h2>\n
from django.views.decorators.cache import cache_page<\/p>\n
@cache_page(60 * 15)<\/p>\n
def my_view(request):<\/p>\n
    return render(request, 'my_template.html')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528Python\u642d\u5efa\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u65e2\u6709\u6311\u6218\u6027\u53c8\u5145\u6ee1\u4e50\u8da3\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u6838\u5fc3\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u4f18\u5316<\/strong>\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u7ec6\u5fc3\u548c\u8010\u5fc3\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6587\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528Python\u642d\u5efa\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6280\u5de7\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u4f60\u80fd\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u642d\u5efa\u51fa\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u642d\u5efaPython\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u642d\u5efaPython\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u6709Flask\u3001Django\u548cFastAPI\u7b49\u3002Flask\u9002\u5408\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u6613\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u6269\u5c55\uff1bDjango\u5219\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5927\u578b\u9879\u76ee\uff1bFastAPI\u4ee5\u5176\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684\u7279\u6027\u800c\u53d7\u5230\u9752\u7750\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u5904\u7406API\u65f6\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\u3002\u6839\u636e\u9879\u76ee\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u9002\u5408\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u642d\u5efa\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Flask\u6846\u67b6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u4e49\u8def\u7531\u6765\u5904\u7406\u7279\u5b9aURL\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u88c5\u9970\u5668@ app.route\u6765\u6307\u5b9aURL\uff0c\u5e76\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u54cd\u5e94\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001HTML\u9875\u9762\u6216JSON\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u638c\u63e1\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u5347\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fddPython\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u642d\u5efa\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u89c6\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u5728Python\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u589e\u5f3a\u5b89\u5168\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4f7f\u7528HTTPS\u52a0\u5bc6\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u3001\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8de8\u7ad9\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f2a\u9020\uff08CSRF\uff09\u4fdd\u62a4\u3001\u9650\u5236IP\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u6388\u6743\u673a\u5236\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u654f\u611f\u6570\u636e\u4e5f\u662f\u5341\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5b9a\u671f\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u5ba1\u67e5<\/a>\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u4fee\u590d\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55\u7528Python\u642d\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668 \u5728\u5982\u4eca\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u5feb\u901f\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u642d\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4f7f\u7528Py […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1129277,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1129271"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1129271"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1129271\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1129281,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1129271\/revisions\/1129281"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1129277"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1129271"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1129271"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1129271"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}