{"id":1105903,"date":"2025-01-08T16:35:14","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T08:35:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1105903.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T16:35:16","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T08:35:16","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%9f%a5%e8%af%a2%e5%bd%93%e5%89%8d%e5%8f%98%e9%87%8f%e7%9a%84%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1105903.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u8be2\u5f53\u524d\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"python\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u8be2\u5f53\u524d\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\"<\/p>\n

\u5728Python\u4e2d\u67e5\u8be2\u5f53\u524d\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u7f6e\u7684type()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong>\u3001\u4f7f\u7528isinstance()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u3001<\/strong>\u4f7f\u7528__class__<\/code>\u5c5e\u6027\u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u548c\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528type()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528type()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u53d8\u91cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9type()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

x = 10<\/p>\n
print(type(x))  # \u8f93\u51fa: <class 'int'><\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 type()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0ctype()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5b83\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
x = 10<\/p>\n
y = 3.14<\/p>\n
z = "Hello, World!"<\/p>\n
print(type(x))  # <class 'int'><\/p>\n
print(type(y))  # <class 'float'><\/p>\n
print(type(z))  # <class 'str'><\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
type()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982\u5217\u8868\u3001\u5143\u7ec4\u3001\u5b57\u5178\u7b49\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
a = [1, 2, 3]<\/p>\n
b = (1, 2, 3)<\/p>\n
c = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
print(type(a))  # <class 'list'><\/p>\n
print(type(b))  # <class 'tuple'><\/p>\n
print(type(c))  # <class 'dict'><\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 isinstance()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
isinstance()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u5b83\u63a5\u53d7\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff1a\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
x = 10<\/p>\n
y = 3.14<\/p>\n
z = "Hello, World!"<\/p>\n
print(isinstance(x, int))  # True<\/p>\n
print(isinstance(y, float))  # True<\/p>\n
print(isinstance(z, str))  # True<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
isinstance()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u68c0\u67e5\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
a = [1, 2, 3]<\/p>\n
b = (1, 2, 3)<\/p>\n
c = {'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}<\/p>\n
print(isinstance(a, (list, tuple)))  # True<\/p>\n
print(isinstance(b, (list, tuple)))  # True<\/p>\n
print(isinstance(c, (list, dict)))  # True<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 __class__<\/code> \u5c5e\u6027<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u6bcf\u4e2a Python \u5bf9\u8c61\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a __class__<\/code> \u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u5b83\u6307\u5411\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbf\u95ee\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
x = 10<\/p>\n
y = 3.14<\/p>\n
z = "Hello, World!"<\/p>\n
print(x.__class__)  # <class 'int'><\/p>\n
print(y.__class__)  # <class 'float'><\/p>\n
print(z.__class__)  # <class 'str'><\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u4f7f\u7528 types<\/code> \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
Python \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a types<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u6807\u51c6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u548c\u53cd\u5c04\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import types<\/p>\n
def func():<\/p>\n
    pass<\/p>\n
print(type(func))  # <class 'function'><\/p>\n
print(isinstance(func, types.FunctionType))  # True<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
types<\/code> \u6a21\u5757\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u590d\u6742\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982\u751f\u6210\u5668\u3001\u534f\u7a0b\u7b49\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import types<\/p>\n
def generator():<\/p>\n
    yield 1<\/p>\n
gen = generator()<\/p>\n
print(type(gen))  # <class 'generator'><\/p>\n
print(isinstance(gen, types.GeneratorType))  # True<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
class MyClass:<\/p>\n
    pass<\/p>\n
obj = MyClass()<\/p>\n
print(type(obj))  # <class '__mAI<\/a>n__.MyClass'><\/p>\n
print(isinstance(obj, MyClass))  # True<\/p>\n
print(obj.__class__)  # <class '__main__.MyClass'><\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u516d\u3001\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528type()<\/code> \u548c isinstance()<\/code><\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0ctype()<\/code> \u548c isinstance()<\/code> \u7ecf\u5e38\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
def check_variable_type(var):<\/p>\n
    if isinstance(var, (int, float)):<\/p>\n
        print(f"The variable is a number of type {type(var)}")<\/p>\n
    elif isinstance(var, str):<\/p>\n
        print(f"The variable is a string of type {type(var)}")<\/p>\n
    elif isinstance(var, list):<\/p>\n
        print(f"The variable is a list of type {type(var)}")<\/p>\n
    else:<\/p>\n
        print(f"The variable is of an unknown type: {type(var)}")<\/p>\n
check_variable_type(10)<\/p>\n
check_variable_type(3.14)<\/p>\n
check_variable_type("Hello")<\/p>\n
check_variable_type([1, 2, 3])<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e03\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5<\/strong>\uff1aPython \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u52a8\u6001\u7c7b\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ee3\u7801\u5197\u957f\u4e14\u96be\u4ee5\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/li>\n
  2. \u4f7f\u7528 Duck Typing<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528 Duck Typing\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5c5e\u6027\uff09\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5176\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/li>\n
  3. \u6ce8\u91cd\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u65f6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u4e3a\u4e86\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u800c\u727a\u7272\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7b80\u6d01\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
    \u5728 Python \u4e2d\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u4e14\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f7f\u7528type()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u3001isinstance()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u548c __class__<\/code> \u5c5e\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528type()<\/code>\u548cisinstance()<\/code>\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6ce8\u610f\u907f\u514d\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7b80\u6d01\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
    \u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
     \u5982\u4f55\u5728Python\u4e2d\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570type()<\/code>\u6765\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0ctype(variable_name)<\/code>\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0d\u540c\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u5982\u6574\u6570\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3001\u5217\u8868\u7b49\uff09\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
    Python\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff1f<\/strong>
    Python\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e\u6574\u578b\uff08int\uff09\u3001\u6d6e\u70b9\u578b\uff08float\uff09\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08str\uff09\u3001\u5e03\u5c14\u578b\uff08bool\uff09\u3001\u5217\u8868\uff08list\uff09\u3001\u5143\u7ec4\uff08tuple\uff09\u3001\u5b57\u5178\uff08dict\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6709\u6548\u5730\u4f7f\u7528Python\u7f16\u7a0b\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528isinstance()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u5224\u65ad\u53d8\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\uff1f<\/strong>
    \u9664\u4e86type()<\/code>\uff0cPython\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86isinstance()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cisinstance(variable_name, int)<\/code>\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56deTrue\u6216False\uff0c\u6307\u793a\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u6574\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u65f6\u66f4\u4e3a\u7075\u6d3b\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7ee7\u627f\u5173\u7cfb\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u5728Python\u4e2d\u67e5\u8be2\u5f53\u524d\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5185\u7f6e\u7684type()\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u3001\u4f7f\u7528isinstance()\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c […]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1105905,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1105903"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1105903"}],"version-history":[{"count":"1","href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1105903\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1105906,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1105903\/revisions\/1105906"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1105905"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1105903"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1105903"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1105903"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}