{"id":1095090,"date":"2025-01-08T14:47:39","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T06:47:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/ask-ask\/1095090.html"},"modified":"2025-01-08T14:47:42","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T06:47:42","slug":"python%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e8%af%bb%e5%8f%96%e7%94%b5%e5%ad%90%e8%a1%a8%e6%a0%bc-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/docs.pingcode.com\/ask\/1095090.html","title":{"rendered":"Python\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u53d6\u7535\u5b50\u8868\u683c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Python\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u53d6\u7535\u5b50\u8868\u683c\"<\/p>\n

Python\u8bfb\u53d6\u7535\u5b50\u8868\u683c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u3001\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5e93\u3001\u4f7f\u7528xlrd\u5e93\u3002<\/strong> \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93<\/strong>\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u5404\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6\u7535\u5b50\u8868\u683c\uff0c\u5e76\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecdopenpyxl\u548cxlrd\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6\u7535\u5b50\u8868\u683c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

pandas\u662fPython\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u5e93\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7535\u5b50\u8868\u683c\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

import pandas as pd<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
df = pd.read_excel('file.xlsx')<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5370\u524d5\u884c\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
print(df.head())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
1.1 \u5b89\u88c5pandas<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u5e93\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u8be5\u5e93\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pip\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install pandas<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
1.2 \u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
pandas\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5373\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
df = pd.read_excel('file.xlsx')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c'file.xlsx'\u662f\u8981\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u3002pandas\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc6\u522b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aDataFrame\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
1.3 \u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230DataFrame\u5bf9\u8c61\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528head()\u51fd\u6570\u67e5\u770b\u524d\u51e0\u884c\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
print(df.head())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528describe()\u51fd\u6570\u67e5\u770b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
print(df.describe())<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6\u7535\u5b50\u8868\u683c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
openpyxl\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684Python\u5e93\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165Excel 2010 xlsx\/xlsm\/xltx\/xltm\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4pandas\uff0copenpyxl\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5cExcel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u64cd\u4f5c\u5355\u5143\u683c\u6837\u5f0f\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u56fe\u8868\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
2.1 \u5b89\u88c5openpyxl<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pip\u5b89\u88c5openpyxl\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install openpyxl<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
2.2 \u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528openpyxl\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import openpyxl<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook('file.xlsx')<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684sheet\u540d\u5b57<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sheet_names = workbook.sheetnames<\/p>\n
print(sheet_names)<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684sheet<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sheet = workbook['Sheet1']<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cell_value = sheet['A1'].value<\/p>\n
print(cell_value)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528xlrd\u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6\u7535\u5b50\u8868\u683c<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
xlrd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684Python\u5e93\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u652f\u6301xls\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8exlsx\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u6216openpyxl\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
3.1 \u5b89\u88c5xlrd<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528pip\u5b89\u88c5xlrd\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
pip install xlrd<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
3.2 \u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528xlrd\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
import xlrd<\/p>\n
\u6253\u5f00Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook = xlrd.open_workbook('file.xls')<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684sheet\u540d\u5b57<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sheet_names = workbook.sheet_names()<\/p>\n
print(sheet_names)<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u7684sheet<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sheet = workbook.sheet_by_name('Sheet1')<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u5355\u5143\u683c\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
cell_value = sheet.cell_value(rowx=0, colx=0)<\/p>\n
print(cell_value)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
\u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u7535\u5b50\u8868\u683c\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6709pandas\u3001openpyxl\u548cxlrd\u3002pandas<\/strong>\u662f\u529f\u80fd\u6700\u5f3a\u5927\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5206\u6790\u9700\u6c42\uff1bopenpyxl<\/strong>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u590d\u6742Excel\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff1bxlrd<\/strong>\u5219\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u65e7\u683c\u5f0f\u7684xls\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4.1 \u4f7f\u7528pandas\u8fdb\u884c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
pandas\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u3001\u6570\u636e\u900f\u89c6\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5408\u5e76\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u8bfb\u53d6\u591a\u4e2asheet<\/p>\n
df1 = pd.read_excel('file.xlsx', sheet_name='Sheet1')<\/p>\n
df2 = pd.read_excel('file.xlsx', sheet_name='Sheet2')<\/p>\n
\u5408\u5e76\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/h2>\n
merged_df = pd.concat([df1, df2])<\/p>\n
\u6570\u636e\u900f\u89c6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
pivot_table = merged_df.pivot_table(values='Sales', index='Region', columns='Product', aggfunc='sum')<\/p>\n
print(pivot_table)<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
4.2 openpyxl\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
openpyxl\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u9ad8\u7ea7\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5355\u5143\u683c\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u56fe\u8868\u7b49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
from openpyxl import Workbook<\/p>\n
from openpyxl.styles import Font<\/p>\n
\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684Excel\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook = Workbook()<\/p>\n
sheet = workbook.active<\/p>\n
\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5355\u5143\u683c\u5185\u5bb9\u548c\u6837\u5f0f<\/strong><\/h2>\n
sheet['A1'] = 'Hello'<\/p>\n
sheet['A1'].font = Font(size=14, bold=True)<\/p>\n
\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n
workbook.save('new_file.xlsx')<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/p>\n
4.3 xlrd\u7684\u9650\u5236<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cxlrd\u5728\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u79fb\u9664\u4e86\u5bf9xlsx\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u4e8exlsx\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528pandas\u6216openpyxl\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cxlrd\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u5199\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5728Python\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5904\u7406\u7535\u5b50\u8868\u683c\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u7b54FAQs\uff1a<\/strong><\/h2>\n
 \u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u7535\u5b50\u8868\u683c\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728Python\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u7535\u5b50\u8868\u683c\uff0c\u5982pandas<\/code>\u3001openpyxl<\/code>\u548cxlrd<\/code>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff0cpandas<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u8f7b\u677e\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u9700\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u4fee\u6539Excel\u6587\u4ef6\uff0copenpyxl<\/code>\u548cxlrd<\/code>\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u5b9e\u7528\u3002\u6839\u636e\u60a8\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u5c06\u4f7f\u5de5\u4f5c\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bfb\u53d6Excel\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f<\/strong>
\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Python\u8bfb\u53d6\u7535\u5b50\u8868\u683c\u65f6\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e93\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\u7b49\u3002\u786e\u4fdd\u63d0\u4f9b\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5e76\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u4e3aExcel\u652f\u6301\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff08\u5982.xlsx\u6216.xls\uff09\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5e93\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7pip\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u60a8\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5bfc\u5165\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u8bfb\u53d6\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/strong>
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